Kodi Hyperparathyroidism ndi chiyani?

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungadziwire
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Hyperparathyroidism ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a PTH, kutulutsidwa ndimatenda a parathyroid, omwe amapezeka pakhosi kuseri kwa chithokomiro.

Mahomoni PTH amathandiza kusunga calcium m'magazi ndipo, chifukwa chake, zotsatira zake zazikulu zimaphatikizapo kuyambiranso kashiamu mu impso, kuyamwa kwakukulu kwa calcium kuchokera pachakudya m'matumbo, komanso kuchotsa calcium yomwe imasungidwa m'mafupa kuti amasulire m'magazi.

Hyperparathyroidism imatha kuchitika m'njira zitatu:

• Pulayimale hyperparathyroidism: zimachitika matenda amtundu wa parathyroids amachititsa hyperthretion ya mahomoni PTH, makamaka chifukwa cha adenoma kapena hyperplasia ya glands iyi;
• Sekondale hyperparathyroidism: kumachitika chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kake ka thupi, komwe kumadzetsa zilonda zamatenda am'mimba, makamaka chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa calcium ndi phosphorous;
• Maphunziro apamwamba a hyperparathyroidism: ndizosowa kwambiri, amadziwika pomwe tiziwalo timene timayambitsa matenda a parathyroid timayamba kutulutsa PTH yambiri patokha, ndipo imatha kuoneka patapita nthawi yachiwiri ya hyperparathyroidism, mwachitsanzo.

Mukazindikira, hyperparathyroidism imayenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu, chifukwa imatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, monga kufooketsa mafupa, kukulitsa chiwopsezo cha mafupa. Kuphatikiza apo, calcium yochulukirapo m'magazi imatha kuchititsanso kusintha kwa kugwira ntchito kwa minofu, miyala ya impso, kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso mavuto ena amtima.

Matendawa amachiritsidwa pomwe opareshoni yachitika kuchotsa gland, komabe, zisanachitike, zitha kuwonetsedwa zithandizo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwongolera zizindikilo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zina mwazizindikiro zodziwika bwino za hyperparathyroidism ndi izi:

• Zosalimba fupa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha fractures;
• Minofu kufooka;
• Kukula kwa impso miyala;
• Kuchulukitsa kukodza;
• Kupweteka kosalekeza m'mimba;
• Kutopa kwambiri;
• Kukula kwa aimpso kulephera kapena kapamba;
• Nseru, kusanza ndi kusowa kwa njala.

Hyperparathyroidism sizimayambitsa matendawa nthawi zonse, makamaka koyambirira, chifukwa chimakhala chodziwika kuti matendawa amadziwika m'mayeso amwazi, omwe amawonetsa kusintha kwama calcium m'magazi.

Momwe mungadziwire

Kuzindikira kwa hyperparathyroidism kumapangidwa ndi muyeso wa mahomoni PTH, omwe amawonjezeka pamitundu yonse yamatendawa. Kenako, a endocrinologist adzaitanitsa mayesero ena omwe angathandize kudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli, monga calcium calcium, yomwe ili ndi hyperparathyroidism yoyamba ndipo imachepetsedwa ku sekondale, kuphatikiza mayeso monga calcium ndi phosphorous mu mkodzo, mwachitsanzo.

Kuyezetsa magazi kumathandizanso kuzindikira matendawa, chifukwa amawonetsa mafupa omwe ali ndi demineralization komanso kufooka kwa mafupa. Pazochitika zapamwamba kwambiri, kuyesa uku kumatha kuwonetsa mapangidwe ndi kufalikira kwa ziwalo ndi zotengera m'mafupa, omwe amadziwika kuti "chotupa cha bulauni".

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesedwa kwazithunzi m'dera la khosi, lokhala ndi ultrasound, scintigraphy kapena kujambula kwa maginito, mwachitsanzo, kungathandize kuzindikira kusintha kwamatenda am'mimba.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Gawo loyamba la chithandizo cha hyperparathyroidism yoyambira ndikumakonza calcium, yomwe, ngati itasinthidwa kwambiri, imatha kukhala chifukwa chachikulu cha zizindikiro. Pachifukwa ichi, pali njira zingapo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kusintha kwa mahomoni, zopangidwa makamaka mwa amayi atatha kusamba, popeza kusintha kwa mahomoni ena kumathandiza kuti calcium ikhale m'mafupa. Mankhwala a bisphosphonate, amathandizanso kukulitsa kuyika kwa calcium m'mafupa, kumachepetsa calcium yaulere m'mwazi. Onani zina zomwe zimayambitsa calcium yochulukirapo m'magazi ndi momwe angachiritsire.

Kuchita opaleshoni kungathenso kuwonetsedwa ngati vuto la hyperparathyroidism, chifukwa limachotsa tiziwalo timene timakhudzidwa, ndikuchiritsa matendawa. Komabe, ili ndi zoopsa zina monga kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yomwe imayendetsa zingwe zamawu kapena kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa calcium.

Pankhani ya hyperparathyroidism yachiwiri, m'pofunika kuyang'anira ndi kuchiza matenda aimpso, m'malo mwa vitamini D ndi calcium, zomwe zimachepetsedwa. Mankhwala a calcimimetic ali ndi vuto lofanana ndi calcium, ndikupangitsa kuti ma gland apange mahomoni ochepa. Chitsanzo cha mankhwalawa ndi cinacalcete.