Momwe Naloxone Amapulumutsira Miyoyo Opioid Overdose

Zamkati

• Autilaini Yakanema
• Zolemba
• Zambiri Zamakanema

Autilaini Yakanema

0:18 Kodi opioid ndi chiyani?

0: 41 Naloxone kuyambitsa

0:59 Zizindikiro za bongo opioid

1:25 Kodi naloxone imaperekedwa bwanji?

1: 50 Kodi naloxone imagwira ntchito bwanji?

2:13 Kodi ma opioid amakhudza bwanji thupi?

3: 04 Zizindikiro zosiya opioid

3:18 Kulolerana

3:32 Momwe opioid overdose amatha kupha

4: 39 NIH HEAL Initiative ndi kafukufuku wa NIDA

Zolemba

Momwe Naloxone Amapulumutsira Miyoyo Opioid Overdose

NALOXONE AMAPULUMUTSA MOYO.

Palibe nthawi yokhala pafupi. Anthu ambiri akumwalira chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ochokera ku heroin, fentanyl, ndi mankhwala opweteka ngati oxycodone ndi hydrocodone. Izi ndi zitsanzo za ma opioid.

Opioids ndi mankhwala ochokera ku chomera cha opium poppy kapena opangidwa mu labu. Amatha kuchiza ululu, kutsokomola ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Koma ma opioid amathanso kukhala osokoneza bongo komanso kupha.

Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amwalira ndi opioid overdose chawonjezeka kuposa 400% kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka zana lino, pomwe anthu masauzande ambiri tsopano akutayika chaka chilichonse.

Koma imfa zambiri zitha kupewedwa ndi mankhwala opulumutsa moyo: naloxone.

Mukapatsidwa nthawi yomweyo, naloxone imatha kugwira ntchito mphindi zochepa kuti isinthe bongo. Naloxone ndi yotetezeka, ili ndi zovuta zochepa, ndipo mitundu ina imatha kuperekedwa ndi abwenzi komanso abale.

Kodi naloxone imagwiritsidwa ntchito liti?

Mutha kupulumutsa moyo. Choyamba, dziwani zizindikiro za bongo:

• Thupi lopunduka
• Wotuwa, nkhope yamwano
• Zikhadabo kapena milomo yabuluu
• Kusanza kapena kumveka phokoso
• Kulephera kuyankhula kapena kudzutsidwa
• Kupuma pang'ono kapena kugunda kwa mtima

Mukawona zizindikirozi, imbani 911 nthawi yomweyo ndipo ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito naloxone ngati ilipo.

Kodi naloxone amapatsidwa bwanji?

Kukonzekera kunyumba kumaphatikizira mankhwala amphuno omwe amapatsidwa kwa ena atagona chagada kapena chida chomwe chimalowetsa mankhwala ntchafu yake. Nthawi zina pamafunika mlingo umodzi.

Kupuma kwa munthuyo kuyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa. Ngati munthu waleka kupuma, lingalirani mpweya wopulumutsa ndi CPR ngati mwaphunzitsidwa kufikira oyankha atafika.

Kodi naloxone imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Naloxone ndi wotsutsana ndi opioid, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amalepheretsa opioid receptors kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito. Amakopeka kwambiri ndi zolandilira kotero kuti amagogoda ma opioid ena. Ma opioid akakhala pa mapulogalamu awo, amasintha zochitika za selo.

Opioid receptors amapezeka m'mitsempha yamitsempha kuzungulira thupi lonse:

• Muubongo, ma opioid amatulutsa chisangalalo ndi tulo.
• Muubongo, ma opioid amapumitsa kupuma ndikuchepetsa kutsokomola.
• Mu mitsempha ya msana ndi zotumphukira, ma opioid amachepetsa ma signature opweteka.
• M'mimba yam'mimba, ma opioid akudzimbidwa.

Zochita za opioidzi zitha kukhala zothandiza! Thupi limatulutsa ma opioid ake omwe amatchedwa "endorphins," omwe amathandizira kukhazika thupi m'nthawi yamavuto. Endorphins amathandizira kutulutsa "wothamanga kwambiri" yemwe amathandiza othamanga othamanga kudutsa m'mipikisano yothina.

Koma mankhwala opioid, monga mankhwala opweteka a mankhwala kapena heroin, ali ndi zotsatira zolimba za opioid. Ndipo ndizoopsa kwambiri.

Popita nthawi, kugwiritsa ntchito opioid pafupipafupi kumapangitsa thupi kudalira mankhwala. Ma opioid akamachotsedwa, thupi limakumana ndi zizindikilo zakutha monga kupweteka mutu, kuthamanga mtima, kutuluka thukuta, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, ndi kunjenjemera. Kwa ambiri, zizindikirazo zimawoneka ngati zosapiririka.

Popita nthawi, ma opioid receptors amakhalanso osamvera ndipo thupi limayamba kulolerana ndi mankhwalawa. Mankhwala ambiri amafunika kuti apange zotsatira zomwezo ... zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bongo ungakhale wochuluka.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi owopsa makamaka chifukwa cha momwe amagwirira ntchito muubongo, kupumula kotsitsimula. Kupuma kumatha kumasuka kwambiri kotero kuti kumasiya ... kumabweretsa imfa.

Naloxone imagogoda ma opioid pama receptors awo kuzungulira thupi. Mu brainstem, naloxone imatha kubwezeretsanso kuyendetsa kupuma. Ndipo pulumutsa moyo.

Koma ngakhale naloxone ikuyenda bwino, ma opioid akadangoyandama, chifukwa chake akatswiri azachipatala ayenera kufunidwa mwachangu. Naloxone imagwira ntchito kwa mphindi 30-90 ma opioid asanabwerere kuma receptors.

Naloxone ingalimbikitse kuchoka chifukwa imagogoda ma opioid pazolandirira mwachangu. Koma apo ayi naloxone ndi yotetezeka ndipo sichimatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina.

Naloxone amapulumutsa miyoyo. Kuchokera ku 1996 mpaka 2014, osachepera 26,500 opioid overdoses ku United States adasinthidwa ndimayendedwe ogwiritsa ntchito naloxone.

Ngakhale naloxone ndi mankhwala opulumutsa moyo, zambiri zikuyenera kuchitidwa kuti muthe mliri wa opioid overdose.

National Institutes of Health idakhazikitsa HEAL Initiative mu 2018, ikukulitsa kafukufuku m'mabungwe angapo a NIH ndi Center kuti ifulumizitse mayankho asayansi pamavuto apadziko lonse lapansi. Kafukufuku akuchitika kuti apititse patsogolo chithandizo chamankhwala osokoneza bongo a opioid, ndikuthandizira kusamalira ululu. National Institute on Abuse Abuse, kapena NIDA, ndiye bungwe lotsogola la NIH lofufuza zamankhwala osokoneza bongo a opioid, ndipo kuthandizidwa kwake kudathandizira kukulitsa mankhwala opatsirana a naloxone nasal spray.

Kuti mumve zambiri, onani tsamba la NIDA ku drugabuse.gov ndikusaka "naloxone," kapena pitani ku nih.gov ndikusaka "NIH kuchiritsa." Zambiri zama opioid zimapezekanso ku MedlinePlus.gov.

Kanemayo adapangidwa ndi MedlinePlus, gwero lodalirika lazidziwitso zathanzi kuchokera ku National Library of Medicine.

Zambiri Zamakanema

Idasindikizidwa pa Januware 15, 2019

Onani kanemayu pamndandanda wa MedlinePlus ku US National Library of Medicine pa YouTube pa: https://youtu.be/cssRZEI9ujY

ZOYENERA: Jeff Tsiku

NKHANI: Josie Anderson

MUSIC: "Wopuma", ndi Dimitris Mann; "Kupirira Mayeso", wolemba Eric Chevalier; Wodandaula "Wodandaula", wolemba Jimmi Jan Joakim Hallstrom, John Henry Andersson