HTLV: ndi chiyani, momwe mungazindikire zizindikiro ndikuthandizira matenda

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Momwe mungapewere matenda a HTLV
• Kuzindikira kwa HTLV
• Kodi HTLV ndi HIV ndizofanana?

HTLV, yotchedwanso kuti T-cell lymphotropic virus, ndi mtundu wa kachilombo m'banja Retroviridae ndikuti, nthawi zambiri, sizimayambitsa matenda kapena zizindikilo, kuzindikirika. Pakadali pano, palibe chithandizo chamankhwala, chifukwa chake kufunikira kwa kupewa ndi kuwunika kuchipatala.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma virus a HTLV, HTLV 1 ndi 2, omwe amatha kusiyanitsidwa kudzera kachigawo kakang'ono kake ndi ma cell omwe amawononga, momwe HTLV-1 imalowerera makamaka ma CD-type lymphocyte, pomwe HTLV- 2 imalowerera mtundu wa CD8 lymphocytes.

Kachiromboka kangathe kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu kudzera mu kugonana kosaziteteza kapena pogawana zinthu zotayika, monga singano ndi ma syringe, mwachitsanzo, makamaka pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monganso momwe angayambitsire kufala kwa mayi yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka kupita kwa mwana wakhanda kuyamwitsa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HTLV samawonetsa zizindikilo, ndipo kachilomboka kamapezeka m'mayeso amachitidwe. Komabe, ngakhale sizichitika pafupipafupi, anthu ena omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HTLV-1 amawonetsa zizindikilo zomwe zimasiyana malinga ndi matenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kachilomboka, ndipo pakhoza kukhala kuwonongeka kwamitsempha kapena hematological:

• Kutengera pa otentha spastic paraparesis, zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi HTLV-1 zimatenga nthawi kuti ziwonekere, koma zimadziwika ndi minyewa yomwe imatha kubweretsa zovuta kuyenda kapena kusuntha chiwalo, kupindika kwa minyewa komanso kusalinganika, mwachitsanzo.
• Kutengera pa T-cell khansa ya m'magazi, Zizindikiro za matenda a HTLV-1 ndi hematological, ndi kutentha thupi, thukuta lozizira, kuchepa thupi popanda chifukwa, kuchepa magazi, mawonekedwe akuda pakhungu komanso kutsika kwa magazi m'magazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, kutenga kachilombo ka HTLV-1 kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda ena, monga poliyo, polyarthritis, uveitis ndi dermatitis, kutengera momwe chitetezo chamthupi cha munthu chilili komanso komwe matenda amapezeka. Kachilombo ka HTLV-2 pakadali pano sikakhudzana ndi mtundu uliwonse wamatenda, komabe, itha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zofanana ndi zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka HTLV-1.

Kufala kwa kachilomboka kumachitika makamaka kudzera mu kugonana kosatetezedwa, koma kumachitikanso kudzera mu kuthiridwa magazi, kugawana zinthu zakupha, kapena kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana kudzera mukuyamwitsa kapena pobereka. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe amakhala ndi moyo wogonana msanga komanso wokangalika, omwe amatenga matenda opatsirana pogonana kapena omwe amafunikira kapena kuthiridwa magazi kangapo, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo kapena kufalitsa kachilombo ka HTLV.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha matenda a kachilombo ka HTLV sichinakhazikitsidwe bwino chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda ndipo, chifukwa chake, zizindikilo kapena zizindikilo. Pakakhala kuti kachilombo ka HTLV-1 kamayambitsa paraparesis, chithandizo chamankhwala chitha kulimbikitsidwa kuti chikhale cholimba komanso chithandizire kulimbitsa minofu, kuphatikiza pa mankhwala omwe amateteza kupindika kwa minofu ndikuthana ndi ululu.

Pankhani ya T-cell leukemia, mankhwala omwe atchulidwawa atha kukhala chemotherapy kenako ndikutsata mafuta m'mafupa.

Popeza palibe mankhwala, ndikofunikira kuti anthu omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HTLV amayang'aniridwa nthawi ndi nthawi pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso kuti aone kuthekera kwa kubereka kwa kachiromboko komanso kuthekera kwa kufala kwa ma virus.

Ngakhale kulibe chithandizo chamankhwala cha kachilombo ka HTLV, kuzindikira mwachangu kwa matendawa ndikofunikira kuti mankhwala athe kuyambitsidwa mwachangu kuti mankhwala oyenera atha kukhazikitsidwa molingana ndi kunyengerera komwe kumayambitsa kachilomboko.

Momwe mungapewere matenda a HTLV

Kupewa matenda a HTLV kumatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito kondomu nthawi yogonana, kusakhala ndi zinthu zogawana monga ma syringe ndi singano, mwachitsanzo. Kuphatikiza apo, munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo ka HTLV sangapereke magazi kapena ziwalo ndipo, ngati mayi ali ndi kachilomboka, kuyamwitsa kumatsutsana, chifukwa kachilomboka kangathe kupatsira mwanayo. Zikatero, kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wa khanda kumalimbikitsidwa.

Kuzindikira kwa HTLV

Kuzindikira kwa kachilombo ka HTLV kumapangidwa ndi ma serological ndi ma molekyulu, ndipo kuyesa kwa ELISA kumachitika nthawi zambiri ndipo, ngati kuli koyenera, kutsimikizika kumapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya Western blot. Zotsatira zabodza ndizosowa, chifukwa njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kuti kachilomboka ndi yovuta komanso yachindunji.

Pofuna kuzindikira kuti kachilomboka kali m'thupi, magazi ochepa amatengedwa kuchokera kwa munthuyo, omwe amatumizidwa ku labotale, momwe amayeserera kuti apeze ma antibodies omwe thupi limapanga motsutsana ndi vutoli .

Kodi HTLV ndi HIV ndizofanana?

Ma virus a HTLV ndi HIV, ngakhale atalowa m'maselo oyera amthupi, ma lymphocyte, siamodzimodzi. Vuto la HTLV ndi HIV zimafanana poti ndi ma retroviruses ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, komabe kachilombo ka HTLV sikangathe kudzisandutsa kachilombo ka HIV kapena kuyambitsa Edzi. Dziwani zambiri za kachilombo ka HIV.