Hypercapnia: Kodi Ndi Chiyani Ndipo Amachitidwa Bwanji?

Zamkati

• Kodi zizindikiro za hypercapnia ndi ziti?
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Kodi hypercapnia ikugwirizana chiyani ndi COPD?
• Ndi chiyani china chomwe chingayambitse hypercapnia?
• Mavuto osinthanitsa ndi gasi
• Mitsempha ndi mavuto aminyewa
• Zomwe zimayambitsa
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha hypercapnia?
• Kodi hypercapnia imapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi ndi njira ziti zamankhwala zomwe zingapezeke?
• Mpweya wabwino
• Mankhwala
• Mankhwala
• Opaleshoni
• Chiwonetsero
• Kodi izi zitha kupewedwa?

Kodi hypercapnia ndi chiyani?

Hypercapnia, kapena hypercarbia, ndipamene mumakhala ndi kaboni dayokisaidi wochuluka (CO₂) m'magazi anu. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kupuma kwa mpweya, kapena kusakhoza kupuma bwino ndikupeza mpweya m'mapapu anu. Pamene thupi lanu silikupeza mpweya wabwino wokwanira kapena kuchotsa CO₂, mungafunikire kupumira kapena mwadzidzidzi kupumira mpweya wambiri kuti muchepetse mpweya wanu wa CO ndi CO₂.

Izi sizimakhala zodetsa nkhawa nthawi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kupuma kwanu kuli kochepa mukamagona tulo, thupi lanu limachita mwachibadwa. Mutha kutembenuka pabedi panu kapena kudzuka mwadzidzidzi. Thupi lanu limatha kuyambiranso kupuma ndikupeza mpweya wambiri m'magazi.

Hypercapnia amathanso kukhala chizindikiro cha zovuta zomwe zimakhudza kupuma kwanu ndi magazi anu.

Pitilizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe zambiri pazizindikiro, zomwe zimayambitsa, ndi zina zambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za hypercapnia ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za hypercapnia nthawi zina zimakhala zofatsa. Thupi lanu limatha kukonza izi kuti zipume bwino ndikuwongolera CO yanu₂ milingo.

Zizindikiro zochepa za hypercapnia ndizo:

• khungu lakuda
• Kugona kapena kulephera kuyang'ana
• mutu wofatsa
• kumva kusokonezeka kapena kuchita chizungulire
• kumva kupuma pang'ono
• kukhala wotopa kwambiri kapena wotopa

Ngati zizindikirozi zikupitirira masiku angapo, onani dokotala wanu. Amatha kudziwa ngati mukukumana ndi hypercapnia kapena vuto lina.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Kuchuluka kwa hypercapnia kungakhale koopsa kwambiri. Ikhoza kukulepheretsani kupuma bwino. Mosiyana ndi hypercapnia wofatsa, thupi lanu silingathe kukonza zizindikilo zowopsa mwachangu. Zingakhale zovulaza kwambiri kapena zakupha ngati makina anu opumira atatseka.

Onani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zotsatirazi, makamaka ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD):

• malingaliro osadziwika osokonezeka
• malingaliro achilendo a kukhumudwa kapena kukhumudwa
• minyewa yachilendo
• kugunda kwamtima kosasintha
• kutulutsa mpweya
• kugwidwa
• mantha
• kufa

Kodi hypercapnia ikugwirizana chiyani ndi COPD?

COPD ndi nthawi yamavuto omwe amalepheretsa kupuma. Matenda a bronchitis ndi emphysema ndi zitsanzo ziwiri zofala za COPD.

COPD nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kusuta kapena kupuma mpweya wowopsa m'malo owonongeka. Popita nthawi, COPD imapangitsa kuti ma alveoli (ma air thumba) m'mapapu anu alephere kutambasula akamatenga mpweya. COPD imathanso kuwononga makoma pakati pamatumba ampweya awa. Izi zikachitika, mapapu anu sangatengere mpweya wabwino.

COPD itha kuchititsanso kuti trachea yanu (yolumikizira mphepo) komanso njira zapaulendo zomwe zimatsogolera ku alveoli anu, otchedwa bronchioles, azitupa. Ziwalozi zitha kupanganso ntchofu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kupuma kukhala kovuta. Kutsekeka ndi kutupa kumalepheretsa mpweya kulowa ndi kutuluka m'mapapu. Zotsatira zake, thupi lanu silingathe kuchotsa CO₂. Izi zitha kuyambitsa CO₂ kuti mumange m'magazi anu.

Sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi COPD adzalandira matenda opatsirana. Koma pamene COPD ikupita, mumakhala ndi vuto la mpweya ndi CO₂ m'thupi lanu chifukwa cha kupuma kosayenera.

Ndi chiyani china chomwe chingayambitse hypercapnia?

Hypercapnia imatha kukhala ndi zifukwa zina zambiri kupatula COPD, nayenso. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kugonana kumakulepheretsani kupuma bwino mukamagona. Izi zimatha kukulepheretsani kuti mulandire mpweya m'magazi anu.
• Kulemera kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri kumathandizanso kuti musapeze mpweya wokwanira chifukwa chapanikizika m'mapapu anu polemera.
• Zochita zomwe zingakulepheretseni kupuma mpweya wabwino, monga kusambira pamadzi kapena kukhala pa mpweya pa nthawi ya anesthesia, zingayambitsenso hypercapnia.
• Matenda athupi kapena zochitika zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lanu lipange CO yambiri₂, monga kukhala ndi malungo kapena kudya ma carbs ambiri, zitha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa CO₂ m'magazi anu.

Mavuto osinthanitsa ndi gasi

Zina mwazovuta zimatha kubweretsa malo akufa m'thupi lanu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti si mpweya wonse womwe mumapuma womwe umagwira nawo ntchito yopuma. Izi zikachitika, nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa gawo lanu la kupuma silikugwira ntchito moyenera. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimakhudza mapapu anu osachita nawo gawo pakusinthana kwa gasi.

Kusinthana kwamagesi ndi njira yomwe mpweya umalowerera m'magazi anu ndi CO₂ amasiya thupi lanu. Mavuto angayambitsidwe ndi mikhalidwe monga pulmonary embolus and emphysema.

Mitsempha ndi mavuto aminyewa

Mitsempha ndi minyewa ingayambitsenso hypercapnia. Nthawi zina, misempha ndi minofu yomwe imakuthandizani kupuma mwina singagwire bwino ntchito. Izi zitha kuphatikizira matenda a Guillain-Barré, chitetezo chamthupi chomwe chimafooketsa mitsempha yanu ndi minofu yanu. Vutoli lingakhudze kuthekera kwanu kupeza mpweya wokwanira ndipo lingayambitse CO yambiri₂ m'magazi anu. Ma dystrophies amisempha, kapena zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti minofu yanu ifooke pakapita nthawi, zimathanso kupangitsa kuti kupuma kupezeke komanso kuti mupeze mpweya wokwanira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa

Nthawi zambiri, hypercapnia imatha kuyambitsa chibadwa momwe thupi lanu silimatulutsa mapuloteni okwanira otchedwa alpha-1-antitrypsin. Puloteni iyi imachokera pachiwindi ndipo thupi lanu limagwiritsa ntchito kuti mapapo akhale athanzi.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha hypercapnia?

Zina mwaziwopsezo za hypercapnia, makamaka chifukwa cha COPD, ndi monga:

• kusuta ndudu, ndudu, kapena mapaipi kwambiri
• zaka, zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana zikupita patsogolo ndipo nthawi zambiri sizimayamba kuwonetsa mpaka zaka 40
• kukhala ndi mphumu, makamaka ngati mumasuta
• kupuma ndi nthunzi kapena mankhwala m'malo antchito, monga mafakitale, nyumba zosungiramo katundu, kapena malo amagetsi kapena mankhwala

Kuzindikira mochedwa COPD kapena vuto lina lomwe limayambitsa hypercapnia kumawonjezeranso ngozi. Onani dokotala wanu kamodzi pachaka kuti mumayesedwe kwathunthu kuti muwone kuti mukuyang'anira thanzi lanu lonse.

Kodi hypercapnia imapezeka bwanji?

Ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti muli ndi hypercapnia, amayesa magazi anu ndikupuma kuti adziwe vutoli komanso chomwe chimayambitsa.

Mayeso am'magazi am'magazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza za hypercapnia. Mayesowa amatha kuwunika kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi CO₂ m'magazi anu ndipo onetsetsani kuti mpweya wanu wa oxygen ndi wabwinobwino.

Dokotala wanu amathanso kuyesa kupuma kwanu pogwiritsa ntchito spirometry. Muyeso ili, mumapumira mwamphamvu mu chubu. Spirometer yolumikizidwa imayesa kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'mapapu anu komanso momwe mungawombere mwamphamvu.

Kujambula kwa X-ray kapena CT m'mapapu anu kungathandizenso dokotala kuwona ngati muli ndi emphysema kapena matenda ena ofanana nawo.

Kodi ndi njira ziti zamankhwala zomwe zingapezeke?

Ngati vuto linalake likuyambitsa matenda anu opatsirana, dokotala wanu adzakhazikitsa ndondomeko yothandizira zizindikiro za matenda anu. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuti musiye kusuta kapena kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi utsi kapena mankhwala ngati atayambitsa matenda okhudzana ndi COPD.

Mpweya wabwino

Ngati muyenera kupita ku ofesi ya dokotala kapena kuchipatala kuti mukapeze zizindikiro zowopsa, mutha kuyikidwa pa makina opumira kuti muwonetsetse kuti mutha kupuma bwino. Muthanso kulumikizidwa, ndipamene chubu chimalowetsedwa mkamwa mwanu momwe mumathandizira kuti mupume.

Mankhwalawa amakulolani kuti mupeze mpweya wosasinthasintha kuti muyese bwino CO₂ milingo. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limakupangitsani kuti musapeze mpweya wokwanira kudzera kupuma kwabwino kapena ngati mwakhala mukulephera kupuma ndipo simungathe kupuma bwino panokha.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala ena angakuthandizeni kupuma bwino, kuphatikizapo:

• bronchodilators, omwe amathandiza kuti minofu yanu yapaulendo igwire bwino ntchito
• inhalled or oral corticosteroids, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kuchepa kwa mpweya kuyende pang'ono
• maantibayotiki opatsirana kupuma, monga chibayo kapena bronchitis pachimake

Mankhwala

Mankhwala ena amathanso kuthandizira kuthana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa hypercapnia. Mwachitsanzo, mutalandira chithandizo cha oxygen, mumayenda kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamatulutsa mpweya m'mapapu anu. Kukonzanso m'mapapo kumakuthandizani kuti musinthe zakudya zanu, masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi zizolowezi zina kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukuthandizira thanzi lanu lonse. Izi zitha kuchepetsa zizindikilo zanu komanso zovuta zomwe zingachitike.

Opaleshoni

Nthawi zina angafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti athetse kapena kuwononga njira zowonongera mpweya kapena mapapo. Pochita opaleshoni yochepetsa voliyumu yam'mapapu, dokotala wanu amachotsa minofu yowonongeka kuti apange malo oti minofu yanu yathanzi ikule ndikubweretsa mpweya wochulukirapo. Pakumuika m'mapapu, mapapo opanda thanzi amachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi mapapu athanzi kuchokera kwa woperekera ziwalo.

Maopaleshoni awiriwa atha kukhala owopsa, chifukwa chake lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu pazomwe mungachite kuti muwone ngati ali oyenera.

Chiwonetsero

Kuchiritsidwa ndi COPD kapena vuto lina lomwe lingayambitse hypercapnia kumakuthandizani kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso kupewa ziwonetsero zamtsogolo za hypercapnia.

Ngati mukufuna chithandizo chanthawi yayitali kapena kuchitidwa opaleshoni, onetsetsani kuti mumamvetsera mwatcheru malangizo a dokotala kuti dongosolo lanu la chithandizo kapena kuchira kuchitidwa bwino lichitike. Adzakulangizani pazizindikiro zofunika kuziyang'anira komanso zoyenera kuchita zikachitika.

Nthawi zambiri, mutha kukhalabe ndi moyo wathanzi, wokangalika ngakhale mutakhala ndi hypercapnia.

Kodi izi zitha kupewedwa?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la kupuma lomwe likuyambitsa matenda oopsa, kupeza chithandizo cha vutoli ndiye njira yabwino yopewera matenda opatsirana.

Kusintha moyo wanu, monga kusiya kusuta, kuonda, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, kumathandizanso kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matendawa.