Kodi Hypoxemia ndi chiyani?

Zamkati

• Hypoxia vs. hypoxemia
• Mitundu
• Ventilation / perfusion (V / Q) zikufanana
• Shunt
• Kuwonongeka kwa zovuta
• Kutulutsa mpweya
• Mpweya wotsika wa chilengedwe
• Zoyambitsa
• Hypoxemia mwa ana obadwa kumene
• Zizindikiro
• Matendawa
• Chithandizo
• Zovuta
• Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala
• Mfundo yofunika

Mwazi wanu umanyamula mpweya ku ziwalo ndi minyewa ya thupi lanu. Hypoxemia ndi pamene muli ndi mpweya wochepa m'magazi anu.

Matenda a Hypoxemia amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mphumu, chibayo, ndi matenda a m'mapapo mwanga (COPD). Ndi vuto lalikulu lachipatala ndipo limafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.

Pitilizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe zambiri za matenda a hypoxemia, zomwe zimayambitsa, komanso momwe amathandizidwira.

Hypoxia vs. hypoxemia

Hypoxia ndi hypoxemia amatanthauza zinthu ziwiri zosiyana. Ngakhale hypoxemia imatanthawuza kuchepa kwa oxygen m'magazi anu, hypoxia amatanthauza kuchepa kwa mpweya m'matupi a thupi lanu.

Zonsezi nthawi zina, koma osati nthawi zonse, zimachitika limodzi.

Nthawi zambiri kupezeka kwa matenda a hypoxemia kumapereka lingaliro la hypoxia. Izi ndizomveka chifukwa ngati mpweya wa oxygen uli wochepa m'magazi anu, matupi a thupi lanu mwina sangapeze mpweya wokwanira mwina.

Mitundu

Pali mitundu ingapo yamatenda amtundu wa hypoxemia, ndipo mtunduwo umadalira njira yomwe mpweya wa magazi amatsikira.

Ventilation / perfusion (V / Q) zikufanana

Uwu ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wa hypoxemia. Mpweya wabwino umatanthawuza kupezeka kwa mpweya m'mapapu, pomwe mafuta opaka mafuta amatanthauza magazi m'mapapu.

Mpweya wabwino ndi mafuta onunkhira amayeza muyezo, wotchedwa V / Q ratio. Kawirikawiri, pamakhala kuchepa pang'ono pamalingaliro awa, komabe ngati cholakwikacho chikakhala chachikulu kwambiri, zovuta zimatha kuchitika.

Pali zifukwa ziwiri zakusokonekera kwa mpweya wabwino:

1. Mapapu akupeza mpweya wokwanira, koma mulibe magazi okwanira (kuchuluka kwa V / Q).
2. Pali magazi m'mapapu, koma mpweya wokwanira (kuchepa kwa V / Q).

Shunt

Nthawi zambiri, magazi opangidwa ndi deoxygen amalowa mbali yakumanja yamtima, amapita kumapapu kukalandira mpweya, kenako nkumapita kumanzere kwa mtima kuti akagawire thupi lonse.

Mumtundu uwu wa hypoxemia, magazi amalowa mbali yakumanzere ya mtima osapuma mpweya m'mapapu.

Kuwonongeka kwa zovuta

Oxygen ikalowa m'mapapu, imadzaza timatumba tating'ono tomwe timatchedwa alveoli. Mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono yotchedwa capillaries imazungulira alveoli. Oxygen imasiyana ndi ma alveoli kulowa m'magazi oyenda kudzera ma capillaries.

Mu mtundu uwu wa hypoxemia, kufalikira kwa oxygen m'mitsempha yamagazi kumawonongeka.

Kutulutsa mpweya

Hypoventilation ndipamene kudya kwa oxygen kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. Izi zitha kubweretsa kuchuluka kwa kaboni dayokisaidi m'magazi komanso mpweya wotsika.

Mpweya wotsika wa chilengedwe

Mtundu uwu wa hypoxemia nthawi zambiri umachitika m'malo okwera kwambiri. Mpweya wabwino womwe umapezeka mlengalenga umachepa ndikukula kwambiri.

Chifukwa chake, m'malo okwera kwambiri mpweya uliwonse umakupatsirani mpweya wocheperako kuposa nthawi yomwe muli panyanja.

Zoyambitsa

Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingayambitse hypoxemia. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• matenda opatsirana kwambiri (ARDS)
• kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
• mphumu
• magazi m'mapapo (pulmonary embolism)
• mapapo atagwa
• kobadwa nako mtima kapena matenda
• COPD
• madzimadzi m'mapapo (m'mapapo mwanga edema)
• malo okwera
• matenda am'mapapo amkati
• mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kupuma, monga mankhwala ozunguza bongo komanso mankhwala oletsa ululu
• chibayo
• zipsera m'mapapu (pulmonary fibrosis)
• kugona tulo

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuyambitsa matenda a hypoxemia m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone zitsanzo zingapo:

• COPD matenda osachiritsika momwe mpweya m'mapapo umalephereka. Kuwonongeka kwa makoma a alveoli ndi ma capillaries oyandikana nawo ku COPD kumatha kubweretsa zovuta pakusinthana kwa oxygen, komwe kumatha kubweretsa hypoxemia.

• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndimavuto omwe mulibe maselo ofiira okwanira kuti athe kunyamula mpweya wabwino. Chifukwa cha ichi, munthu yemwe ali ndi magazi m'thupi amatha kukhala ndi mpweya wochepa m'magazi awo.

Kuphatikiza apo, hypoxemia imatha kukhala chizindikiritso cha vuto lina monga kupuma.

Kulephera kupuma kumachitika mpweya wokwanira ukadutsa m'mapapu anu kupita kumwazi wanu. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwama oxygen m'mwazi kumatha kuwonetsa kupumira.

Hypoxemia mwa ana obadwa kumene

Hypoxemia nthawi zina imatha kubadwa mwa ana obadwa kumene ali ndi vuto lobadwa nalo pamtima kapena matenda. M'malo mwake, kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya wamagazi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa makanda pazobadwa ndi mtima.

Makanda oberekera ana amathanso kukhala ndi vuto la hypoxemia, makamaka ngati adayikidwa pamakina opumira.

Zizindikiro

Wina yemwe ali ndi hypoxemia amatha kuwona izi:

• kupuma movutikira
• kukhosomola kapena kupuma
• mutu
• kugunda kwamtima mwachangu
• kumva kusokonezeka kapena kusokonezeka
• utoto wabuluu pakhungu, milomo, ndi zikhadabo

Matendawa

Kuti mupeze matenda a hypoxemia, dokotala wanu adzakuyesani momwe angawunikire mtima ndi mapapo anu. Angayang'anenso mtundu wa khungu lanu, zikhadabo, kapena milomo.

Palinso mayesero ena omwe angapangitse kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa mpweya wanu ndi kupuma. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Kutulutsa oximetry, komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito sensa yoyikidwa chala chanu kuti muyese kuchuluka kwama oxygen mumwazi.
• Kuyezetsa magazi m'magazi, komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito singano kuti atenge magazi kuchokera kumtunda kuti athe kuyeza magazi okosijeni.
• Mayeso a kupuma, omwe angayese kupuma kwanu kudzera pamakina kapena kupumira mu chubu.

Chithandizo

Popeza hypoxemia imakhudza kutsika kwa mpweya wa oxygen, cholinga chamankhwala ndikuyesera kukweza milingo ya oxygen m'magazi abwerere mwakale.

Thandizo la oxygen lingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza hypoxemia. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kugwiritsa ntchito chigoba cha oxygen kapena chubu chaching'ono chodumulira mphuno kuti mulandire mpweya wowonjezera.

Matenda a Hypoxemia amathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi vuto lina monga mphumu kapena chibayo. Ngati vuto linalake likuyambitsa matenda a hypoxemia, dokotala wanu adzagwiranso ntchito kuti athetse vutoli.

Zovuta

Ziwalo ndi ziwalo za thupi lanu zimafuna mpweya kuti zizigwira ntchito moyenera.

Kuwonongeka kumatha kuchitika kuzinthu zofunika monga mtima ndi ubongo pakalibe mpweya wokwanira. Hypoxemia imatha kupha ngati singachiritsidwe.

Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala

Nthawi zonse muyenera kupeza chithandizo chadzidzidzi ngati kupuma pang'ono kumawonekera mwadzidzidzi ndipo kumakhudza luso lanu logwira ntchito.

Nthawi zina, kupuma movutikira paokha kumathandizanso kuti dokotala akacheze. Ngati mukumane ndi izi, onetsetsani kuti mwakumana ndi dokotala kuti mukakambirane:

• kupuma movutikira komwe kumachitika ndi zochitika zochepa kapena mukakhala mukupuma
• kupuma pang'ono komwe kumachitika ndikachita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikuwonjezeka
• kudzuka mwadzidzidzi kutulo ndi mpweya wochepa

Mfundo yofunika

Hypoxemia ndi pamene muli ndi mpweya wochepa m'magazi anu. Pali mitundu ingapo ya hypoxemia ndipo zovuta zambiri zimatha kuyambitsa.

Hypoxemia ndi vuto lalikulu ndipo limatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo kapenanso kufa ngati silichiritsidwa.

Nthawi zonse muyenera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi ngati muli ndi mpweya wochepa womwe umachitika mwadzidzidzi ndipo umakhudza luso lanu logwira ntchito.