Chithandizo Chowopsa cha Ductal Carcinoma

Zamkati

• Kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo a ductal carcinoma
• Mankhwala am'deralo
• Njira zothandizira
• Chemotherapy for invasive ductal carcinoma
• Njira zochiritsira
• Kutenga

Kodi ductal carcinoma ndi chiyani?

Pafupifupi azimayi 268,600 ku United States adzapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere mu 2019. Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa khansa ya m'mawere umatchedwa invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Imayambitsa pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya matenda onse a khansa ya m'mawere.

Carcinoma imatanthawuza mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayamba m'maselo akhungu kapena minofu yomwe imayala ziwalo zanu zamkati. Adenocarcinomas ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ma carcinomas omwe amachokera munyama zamatenda amthupi.

Invasive ductal carcinoma, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti imalowetsa ductal carcinoma, imadziwika ndi dzina lake chifukwa imayambira mkatikati mwa bere, ndipo imafalikira (kapena kulowerera) m'matumba oyandikana nawo. Mitundu iwiri yofala kwambiri ya khansa ya m'mawere ndi iyi:

• Wovuta ductal carcinoma. Maakaunti a 80 peresenti ya matenda a khansa ya m'mawere. Mtundu uwu umayamba ndikufalikira kuchokera kumayendedwe amkaka.
• Wowopsa lobular carcinoma. Maakaunti a 10 peresenti ya matenda a khansa ya m'mawere. Mtundu uwu umayambira m'magulu opanga mkaka.

Ngakhale IDC imatha kukhudza amayi azaka zilizonse, imapezeka kwambiri mwa amayi azaka 55 mpaka 64. Khansa iyi ya m'mawere imathanso kukhudza amuna.

Kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo a ductal carcinoma

Ngati inu kapena munthu wina yemwe mumamudziwa wapezeka ndi IDC, onetsetsani kuti pali mitundu yambiri yamankhwala yomwe ilipo.

Mankhwala a IDC ali m'mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu:

• Mankhwala am'deralo a IDC amalimbana ndi khansa ya m'mawere ndi madera ozungulira, monga chifuwa ndi ma lymph node.
• Mankhwala amtundu wa IDC amagwiritsidwa ntchito mthupi lonse, kutsata maselo aliwonse omwe atha kuyenda ndikufalikira kuchokera ku chotupa choyambirira. Mankhwala ochiritsira ndi othandiza kuchepetsa mwayi woti khansa ibwererenso ikachiritsidwa.

Mankhwala am'deralo

Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamankhwala am'deralo ya IDC: opaleshoni ndi mankhwala a radiation.

Opaleshoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa chotupa cha khansa ndikuzindikira ngati khansara yafalikira kumatenda am'mimba. Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amayankha koyamba adotolo pochita ndi IDC.

Zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri kuchira kuchokera ku lumpectomy ndi milungu inayi kapena kupitilira apo kuti muchiritsidwe ku mastectomy. Nthawi zobwezeretsa zitha kukhala zazitali ngati ma lymph node atachotsedwa, ngati kumangidwanso kumachitika, kapena ngati pakhala zovuta zina.

Nthawi zina chithandizo chamthupi chimalimbikitsidwa kuti chithandizire kuchira pochita izi.

Chithandizo cha ma radiation chimayendetsa matanda amphamvu pama radiation pachifuwa, pachifuwa, m'khwapa, kapena kolala kuti aphe maselo aliwonse omwe angakhale ali pafupi kapena pomwe panali chotupacho. Thandizo la radiation limatenga pafupifupi mphindi 10 kuti liperekedwe tsiku lililonse pamasabata asanu mpaka asanu ndi atatu.

Anthu ena omwe amathandizidwa ndi radiation amatha kutupa kapena kusintha khungu. Zizindikiro zina, monga kutopa, zimatha kutenga milungu 6 mpaka 12 kapena kupitilira apo kuti zithe.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maopaleshoni ndi ma radiation omwe akupezeka pochiza IDC ndi awa:

• lumpectomy, kapena kuchotsa chotupacho
• mastectomy, kapena kuchotsa mawere
• Lymph node dissection and kuchotsa
• cheza chakuthambo chakunja, momwe matabwa a radiation amalunjika m'chifuwa chonse
• cheza cha m'mawere chosagawanika, momwe zida zowulutsa poizoni zimayikidwa pafupi ndi malo a lumpectomy
• ma radiation apakatikati am'mabere, momwe matabwa a radiation amawunikira mwachindunji malo omwe ali ndi khansa yoyambayo

Njira zothandizira

Mankhwala amachitidwe angalimbikitsidwe kutengera mawonekedwe a khansa, kuphatikiza m'malo omwe afalikira kale kupitirira bere kapena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chofalikira mbali zina za thupi.

Mankhwala ochiritsira monga chemotherapy atha kuperekedwa kuti achepetse chotupacho asanachitike opareshoni, kapena atha kupatsidwa pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni, kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri.

Mankhwala amtundu wa IDC ndi awa:

• chemotherapy
• mankhwala m'thupi
• njira zochiritsira

Chemotherapy for invasive ductal carcinoma

Chemotherapy imakhala ndi mankhwala oletsa khansa omwe amatengedwa mu mapiritsi kapena jekeseni wamagazi. Zitha kutenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena kupitilira apo kuti mankhwala atatha kuti achire pazovuta zambiri, monga kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, kupweteka kwa mafupa, ndi kutopa.

Pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana a chemotherapy ochiza ICD monga paclitaxel (Taxol) ndi doxorubicin (Adriamycin). Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zomwe zili zoyenera kwa inu.

Thandizo la mahormonal lodana ndi ductal carcinoma

Thandizo la mahormonal limagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ma cell a khansa okhala ndi ma receptors a estrogen kapena progesterone, kapena onse awiri. Kupezeka kwa mahomoniwa kungalimbikitse maselo a khansa ya m'mawere kuti achulukane.

Thandizo la mahomoni limachotsa kapena kutsekereza mahomoniwa kuti athandize kupewa khansa kukula. Thandizo la mahormonal limatha kukhala ndi zovuta zomwe zimatha kuphatikizira kuwotcha ndi kutopa, ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti zotsatirapo zitha pambuyo pomaliza mankhwala zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mankhwala ndi kutalika kwa kayendetsedwe kake.

Mankhwala ena amatengedwa pafupipafupi kwa zaka zisanu kapena kupitilira apo. Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kutenga miyezi ingapo mpaka chaka kapena kupitilira apo mankhwala akasiya.

Mitundu ya mankhwala a mahomoni ndi awa:

• kusankha ma modulators a estrogen-receptor, omwe amaletsa zotsatira za estrogen m'mawere
• aromatase inhibitors, omwe amachepetsa estrogen kwa azimayi omwe atha msinkhu
• estrogen-receptor down-regulators, omwe amachepetsa ma estrogen receptors
• mankhwala opondereza ovarian, omwe amaletsa osunga mazira pang'ono kuti asapangidwe ndi estrogen

Njira zochiritsira

Mankhwala ochiritsira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo a khansa ya m'mawere posokoneza mapuloteni ena mkati mwa selo omwe amakhudza kukula. Mapuloteni ena omwe akhudzidwa ndi awa:

• HER2
• VEGF

Kutenga

Invasive ductal carcinoma ndiye mtundu wodziwika bwino wa khansa ya m'mawere. Ponena za chithandizo chamankhwala, pali mankhwala am'deralo omwe amayang'ana mbali zina za thupi ndi zochiritsira zomwe zimakhudza thupi lonse kapena ziwalo zingapo.

Pali mitundu ingapo yamankhwala yofunikira pakuthandizira khansa ya m'mawere. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu komanso chomwe chili chabwino pa gawo lanu la khansa ya m'mawere.