Cholesterol: Kodi Ndi Lipid?

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Ntchito ya lipids mthupi lanu
• Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri motsutsana ndi ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri
• LDL cholesterol
• Cholesterol ya HDL
• Ma Triglycerides
• Kuyeza milingo yamadzimadzi
• Chithandizo
• Malangizo othandizira cholesterol

Chidule

Mwina mwamvapo mawu oti "lipids" ndi "cholesterol" amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana ndikuganiza kuti amatanthauza chinthu chomwecho. Chowonadi ndichovuta kwambiri kuposa icho.

Lipids ndi mamolekyu onga mafuta omwe amayenda m'magazi anu. Amathanso kupezeka m'maselo ndi minofu mthupi lanu lonse.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya lipids, yomwe cholesterol imadziwika kwambiri.

Cholesterol ndiye gawo lamadzimadzi, mbali ina ya mapuloteni. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cholesterol imatchedwa lipoproteins.

Mtundu wina wa lipid ndi triglyceride.

Ntchito ya lipids mthupi lanu

Thupi lanu limafuna ma lipids kuti akhalebe athanzi. Mwachitsanzo, cholesterol ili m'maselo anu onse. Thupi lanu limapangitsa cholesterol yomwe imafunikira, yomwe imathandizira thupi lanu kupanga:

• mahomoni ena
• vitamini D
• michere yomwe imakuthandizani kugaya chakudya
• zinthu zofunika kuti maselo azigwira ntchito bwino

Mumapezanso cholesterol kuchokera kuzakudya zopangidwa ndi nyama mu zakudya zanu, monga:

• mazira a dzira
• mkaka wamafuta wathunthu
• nyama yofiira
• Nyamba yankhumba

Mafuta ochepa m'thupi lanu ali bwino. Kutalika kwa lipids, matenda otchedwa hyperlipidemia, kapena dyslipidemia, kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda amtima.

Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri motsutsana ndi ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri

Mitundu ikuluikulu ya cholesterol ndi ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri (LDL) ndi ma lipoprotein (HDL).

LDL cholesterol

LDL imawerengedwa kuti ndi "cholesterol" yoyipa chifukwa imatha kupanga gawo la waxy lotchedwa plaque m'mitsempha yanu.

Chipilala chimapangitsa mitsempha yanu kukhala yolimba. Ikhozanso kutseka mitsempha yanu, ndikupanga malo ochepa oti magazi azizungulira. Njirayi imatchedwa atherosclerosis. Mwinanso mudamvapo kuti akutchedwa "kuuma kwa mitsempha."

Mipata imathanso kuphulika, kutaya mafuta m'thupi ndi mafuta ena ndi zinthu zina zotayika m'magazi anu.

Poyankha kuphulika, maselo amwazi wotchedwa ma platelet amathamangira pamalowo ndikupanga magazi kuti agwirizane ndi zinthu zakunja zomwe zili mgazi.

Ngati magazi amatenga magazi mokwanira, amatha kuimitsa magazi. Izi zikachitika mu umodzi mwa mitsempha ya mtima, yotchedwa mitsempha yam'mimba, zotsatira zake ndimadwala amtima.

Magazi a magazi atatseka mtsempha muubongo kapena mtsempha womwe umanyamula magazi kupita nawo kuubongo, zimatha kuyambitsa sitiroko.

Cholesterol ya HDL

HDL imadziwika kuti cholesterol "yabwino" chifukwa ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusesa LDL m'magazi anu ndikubwerera ku chiwindi.

LDL ikabwerera m'chiwindi, cholesterol imawonongeka ndikuchoka m'thupi. HDL imangoyimira pafupifupi 1/4 mpaka 1/3 ya cholesterol m'magazi.

Maseŵera apamwamba a LDL amagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima ndi kupwetekedwa. Magulu apamwamba a HDL, mbali inayo, amagwirizanitsidwa ndi zoopsa zamatenda amtima.

Ma Triglycerides

Triglycerides amathandizira kusunga mafuta m'maselo anu omwe mungagwiritse ntchito mphamvu. Ngati mumadya mopitirira muyeso osachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, milingo yanu ya triglyceride imatha kukwera. Kumwa mowa kwambiri kumayambitsanso triglycerides.

Monga LDL, milingo yayikulu ya triglyceride imawoneka yolumikizidwa ndi matenda amtima. Izi zikutanthauza kuti atha kubweretsa chiopsezo chanu chodwala matenda amtima ndi sitiroko.

Kuyeza milingo yamadzimadzi

Kuyesa magazi kosavuta kumatha kuwulula kuchuluka kwanu kwa HDL, LDL, ndi triglycerides. Zotsatira zimayesedwa ndi mamiligalamu pa desilita imodzi (mg / dL). Nazi zolinga zomwe zimakhalapo pamilingo:

Komabe, m'malo mongoyang'ana manambala, dokotala akhoza kukulangizani masinthidwe osiyanasiyana amachitidwe kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chamatenda amtima.

Njira yowerengera cholesterol ya LDL idatenga cholesterol yonse kuchotsera HDL cholesterol kupatula triglycerides yogawidwa ndi 5.

Komabe, ofufuza a Johns Hopkins adapeza kuti njirayi si yolondola kwa anthu ena, ndikupangitsa kuti ma LDL awoneke otsika kuposa momwe analili, makamaka pamene triglycerides anali opitilira 150 mg / dL.

Kuyambira pamenepo, ofufuza apanga njira yovuta kwambiri yowerengera iyi.

Ndibwino kuti mafuta anu a cholesterol aziyang'aniridwa zaka zingapo zilizonse, pokhapokha dokotala atakuuzani kuti muwone pafupipafupi.

Ngati mwadwala kale matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko, mutha kulangizidwa kuti mafuta anu a cholesterol aziwayendera pachaka kapena pafupipafupi.

Malangizo omwewo ndiowona ngati muli ndi ziwopsezo zamatenda amtima, monga:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• matenda ashuga
• mbiri ya kusuta
• mbiri yabanja yamatenda amtima

Dokotala wanu angafunenso kuyitanitsa kufufuza kwa cholesterol nthawi zonse ngati mwangoyamba kumene mankhwala kuti muchepetse msinkhu wanu wa LDL kuti muwone ngati mankhwalawa akugwira ntchito.

Magulu a LDL amakonda kukwera anthu akamakalamba. Zomwezo sizowona kwa milingo ya HDL. Kukhala moyo wongokhala kungapangitse kutsika kwa ma HDL ndi ma LDL apamwamba komanso kuchuluka kwama cholesterol.

Chithandizo

Dyslipidemia ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtima, koma kwa anthu ambiri, amachiritsidwa. Pamodzi ndi kusintha kwa zakudya ndi moyo, anthu omwe ali ndi ma LDL ambiri amafunikira mankhwala kuti athandize kuchuluka kwa LDL.

Statins ndi ena mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuthandizira cholesterol. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amalekerera komanso amakhala othandiza.

Pali mitundu ingapo yama statins pamsika. Iliyonse imagwira ntchito mosiyana pang'ono, koma yonse idapangidwa kuti ichepetse kuchuluka kwa LDL m'magazi.

Ngati mwapatsidwa statin, koma khalani ndi zovuta zina monga kupweteka kwa minofu, uzani dokotala wanu. Mlingo wotsika kapena mtundu wina wa statin ukhoza kukhala wothandiza ndikuchepetsa zovuta zilizonse.

Mungafunike kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins kapena mankhwala ena ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi moyo wanu wonse. Simuyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala pokhapokha ngati dokotala akukulangizani, ngakhale mutakwaniritsa zolinga zanu za cholesterol.

Mankhwala ena omwe amathandizira kutsitsa LDL ndi milingo ya triglyceride atha kukhala:

• mapuloteni amtundu wa bile acid
• cholesterol mayamwidwe zoletsa
• kuphatikiza cholesterol mayamwidwe oletsera ndi statin
• amafinya
• ndiine
• kuphatikiza statin ndi niacin
• PCSK9 zoletsa

Ndi mankhwala komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, anthu ambiri amatha kuyendetsa bwino cholesterol yawo.

Malangizo othandizira cholesterol

Kuphatikiza pa ma statins kapena mankhwala ena ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi, mutha kusintha mbiri yanu ya lipid ndi zina mwanjira zotsatirazi:

• Idyani zakudya zopanda mafuta ambiri m'thupi, monga imodzi yomwe imaphatikizapo nyama yofiira kwambiri, nyama zamafuta, ndi mkaka wamafuta onse. Yesetsani kudya mbewu zonse, mtedza, fiber, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Chakudya chopatsa thanzi chimakhalanso ndi shuga komanso mchere wambiri. Ngati mukufuna thandizo kuti mupange chakudyachi, dokotala wanu atha kutumiza kwa wazakudya.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi, ngati si onse, sabata. American Heart Association imalimbikitsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi 150, monga kuyenda mwachangu, sabata iliyonse. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi ma LDL otsika komanso ma HDL apamwamba.
• Tsatirani malingaliro a dokotala wanu pantchito yamagazi nthawi zonse ndipo mverani milingo yanu yamadzimadzi. Zotsatira zamalabu anu zimatha kusintha kwambiri chaka ndi chaka. Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchepetsa mowa, kusuta fodya, komanso kumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe adanenera kungathandizire kukulitsa cholesterol ndi triglycerides ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima.