Kodi Chibadwa Chingakulitse Chiwopsezo Chanu Khansa Yapakhungu?

Zamkati

• Kodi mitundu yambiri ya khansa yapakhungu ndi iti?
• Keratinocyte carcinoma
• Khansa ya pakhungu
• Kodi ma genetiki amatenga gawo lanji mu khansa yapakhungu?
• Zinthu zina zobadwa nazo
• Ndi chiyani china chomwe chingakulitse chiopsezo cha khansa yapakhungu?
• Kodi mungachite chiyani kuti mudziteteze?
• Mfundo yofunika

Chibadwa chimatsimikizira chilichonse kuyambira mtundu wamaso ndi kutalika kwa mitundu ya chakudya chomwe mumakonda kudya.

Kuphatikiza pa mikhalidwe yomwe imakupangitsani kukhala chomwe inu muli, ma genetics mwatsoka amathanso kutenga nawo mbali pamitundu yambiri yamatenda, kuphatikiza khansa yapakhungu.

Ngakhale zili zowona kuti zinthu zachilengedwe monga kuwonongedwa kwa dzuwa ndizomwe zimayambitsa, chibadwa chimatha kukhalanso pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi khansa yapakhungu.

Kodi mitundu yambiri ya khansa yapakhungu ndi iti?

Khansa yapakhungu imasweka kutengera mtundu wamaselo akhungu omwe amakhudzidwa. Mitundu yofala kwambiri ya khansa yapakhungu ndi iyi:

Keratinocyte carcinoma

Keratinocyte carcinoma ndiye khansa yapakhungu yodziwika kwambiri, ndipo imatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:

• Basal cell carcinoma amawerengera pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya khansa yapakhungu. Zimakhudza maselo oyambira, omwe amakhala kunja kwa khungu (epidermis). Uwu ndiye mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa khansa yapakhungu.
• Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) imakhudza anthu pafupifupi 700,000 ku United States chaka chilichonse. Imayambira m'maselo otukuka, omwe amapezeka mu khungu pamwamba pamaselo oyambira.

Khansa yapakhungu yam'magazi komanso yotsekemera imatha kupezeka m'malo amthupi lanu omwe amapezeka padzuwa, monga mutu ndi khosi.

Ngakhale amatha kufalikira mbali zina za thupi lanu, sangachite zambiri, makamaka ngati agwidwa ndikuchiritsidwa msanga.

Khansa ya pakhungu

Matenda a khansa ya khansa ndi khansa yapakhungu yochepa, koma imakhala yolusa kwambiri.

Khansara yamtunduwu imakhudza maselo omwe amatchedwa melanocytes, omwe amapatsa khungu lanu utoto. Matenda a khansa amatha kufalikira kumadera ena a thupi lanu ngati sanagwidwe ndikuchiritsidwa msanga.

Mitundu ina ya khansa yapakhungu, monga:

• T-cell lymphoma yodula
• dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP)
• Merkel cell carcinoma
• sebaceous carcinoma

Kodi ma genetiki amatenga gawo lanji mu khansa yapakhungu?

Ngakhale tikudziwa kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kuchokera ku dzuwa ndi mabedi owotchera kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha khansa yapakhungu, genetics yanu, kapena mbiri yabanja, zitha kukhalanso chifukwa chokhala ndi khansa yapakhungu.

Malingana ndi Skin Cancer Foundation, pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya anthu onse omwe amapezeka ndi khansa ya khansa amakhala ndi abale awo omwe adakhalapo ndi khansa ya khansa nthawi inayake pamoyo wawo.

Chifukwa chake ngati wachibale wanu wapafupi, monga kholo, mlongo, kapena mchimwene, ali ndi khansa ya khansa, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati muli ndi mbiri ya banja la khansa ya khansa komanso muli ndi timadontho tambiri tachilendo, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa yamtunduwu.

Timadontho tating'onoting'ono tomwe timawawona kuti ndiwachilendo kapena chachilendo chimakhala ndi chimodzi mwazinthu izi:

• asymmetrical (mbali imodzi ndiyosiyana ndi inayo)
• malire osakhazikika kapena osongoka
• mole ndi mitundu yofiirira, yamoto, yofiira, kapena yakuda
• mole ndi yoposa 1/4 inchi m'mimba mwake
• mole yasintha kukula, mawonekedwe, mtundu, kapena makulidwe

Kuphatikizidwa kwa timadontho tachilendo ndi mbiriyakale yam'mimba ya khansa yapakhungu imadziwika kuti banja la atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM).

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a FAMMM ali ndi mwayi 17.3 wokhala ndi khansa ya khansa poyerekeza ndi anthu omwe alibe matendawa.

Ofufuza apezanso kuti majini ena olakwika amatha kubadwa nawo. Izi zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa yapakhungu.

Malinga ndi Skin Cancer Foundation, kusintha kwa DNA mu majini opondereza chotupa, monga CDKN2A ndi BAP1, kumatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya khansa.

Ngati majiniwa awonongeka ndi ma radiation, amatha kusiya kugwira ntchito yolamulira kukula kwa maselo. Izi, zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha maselo a khansa omwe amakula pakhungu.

Zinthu zina zobadwa nazo

Kodi mudamvapo kuti anthu oyera kapena owala bwino ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa yapakhungu? Izi ndi zoona, ndipo ndichifukwa chamakhalidwe omwe mumalandira kuchokera kwa makolo anu.

Anthu omwe amabadwa ndi izi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa yapakhungu nthawi ina pamoyo wawo:

• khungu loyera lomwe limagundika mosavuta
• tsitsi lofiira kapena lofiira
• maso owala

Ndi chiyani china chomwe chingakulitse chiopsezo cha khansa yapakhungu?

Khansa zambiri zimayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa majini komanso chilengedwe. Ngakhale kuti majini anu angathandize kuti mukhale ndi khansa yapakhungu, chilengedwe chimathandiza kwambiri.

Kuwonetsedwa ndi radiation ya ultraviolet (UV) yochokera padzuwa ndiye komwe kumayambitsa khansa yapakhungu. Mabedi osanjikiza, misasa, ndi zowunikira zimapanganso kuwala kwa UV komwe kumatha kukhala kovulaza khungu lanu.

Malinga ndi National Human Genome Research Institute, khansa yapakhungu imakhudzana ndi nthawi yomwe mumakhala padzuwa.

Ndichifukwa chake ngakhale dzuwa limawononga khungu lanu kuyambira ali aang'ono, milandu yambiri ya khansa yapakhungu imangowonekera pambuyo pa zaka 50.

Magetsi a UV ochokera padzuwa amatha kusintha kapena kuwononga mawonekedwe a DNA am'maselo anu akhungu, ndikupangitsa kuti maselo a khansa akule ndikuchulukirachulukira.

Anthu omwe amakhala m'malo omwe kuli dzuwa lomwe limalandira ma radiation ochuluka kuchokera ku dzuwa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa yapakhungu.

Kodi mungachite chiyani kuti mudziteteze?

Ngakhale simukukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa yapakhungu, ndikofunikanso kusamala kuti muteteze khungu lanu kuti lisawonongeke ndi dzuwa.

Ngati khansa yapakhungu imathamangira m'banja lanu, kapena ngati ndinu owala khungu, muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti mudziteteze ku dzuwa.

Kaya muli pachiwopsezo chotani, Nazi njira zina zofunika kuzisamalirira:

• Gwiritsani ntchito zotchinga dzuwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sunscreen imatha kuletsa ma UVA ndi UVB.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa ndi SPF yayikulu. American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) imalimbikitsa SPF ya 30 kapena kupitilira apo.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zotchingira dzuwa pafupipafupi. Gwiritsani ntchito maola awiri alionse kapena kupitirirapo ngati mukutuluka thukuta, kusambira, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Chepetsani kuwonekera kwanu padzuwa. Khalani mumthunzi ngati muli panja, makamaka pakati pa 10 koloko mpaka 3 koloko masana, pomwe cheza cha dzuwa chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri.
• Valani chipewa. Chipewa chachikulu chingakutetezeni kwambiri kumutu, kumaso, m'makutu, ndi m'khosi.
• Psinja. Zovala zimatha kudziteteza ku dzuwa. Valani zovala zowala, zokutsegulirani zomwe zimapangitsa khungu lanu kupuma.
• Pezani kawirikawiri kuyezetsa khungu. Onetsetsani khungu lanu chaka chilichonse ndi dokotala kapena dermatologist. Adziwitseni dokotala ngati muli ndi mbiri yokhudza khansa ya khansa ya khansa kapena khansa ina yapakhungu.

Mfundo yofunika

Khansa yapakhungu imayamba chifukwa cha kusakanikirana kwachilengedwe ndi majini.

Ngati muli ndi wachibale yemwe wapezeka ndi khansa yapakhungu nthawi ina m'miyoyo yawo, mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa yamtunduwu.

Ngakhale kusintha kwa majini obadwa nawo kumatha kukupangitsani kukhala pachiwopsezo, kupezeka ndi cheza cha ultraviolet kuchokera ku dzuwa kapena pamabedi owotchera khungu kumakhalabe chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa yapakhungu.

Mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa yapakhungu pochita zinthu kuti mudziteteze ku kunyezimira kwa dzuwa.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kuvala ndi kugwiritsanso ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa nthawi zambiri
• Malo okutira khungu lanu omwe amatha kuwonekera padzuwa
• kupeza kuwunika kwa khansa yapakhungu pafupipafupi