Type 2 Matenda a shuga ndi Matenda a Impso

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za nephropathy
• Zowopsa za matenda ashuga nephropathy
• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga nephropathy
• Kuteteza matenda ashuga nephropathy
• Zakudya
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Kuleka kusuta

Kodi matenda ashuga nephropathy ndi chiyani?

Nephropathy, kapena matenda a impso, ndi ena mwazovuta kwambiri kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ndicho chomwe chimayambitsa kulephera kwa impso ku United States.

Malinga ndi National Kidney Foundation, anthu opitilira 660,000 aku America ali ndi matenda a impso omaliza ndipo akukhala ndi dialysis.

Nephropathy ili ndi zizindikilo zoyambirira zochepa kapena zisonyezo, zofananira ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi matenda amtundu wa 2. Kuwonongeka kwa impso kuchokera ku nephropathy kumatha kuchitika kwa zaka 10 zizindikiro zoyamba zisanawonekere.

Zizindikiro za nephropathy

Kawirikawiri, palibe zizindikiro za matenda a impso zomwe zimawonekera mpaka impso sizikuyenda bwino. Zizindikiro zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti impso zanu zitha kukhala pachiwopsezo ndi izi:

• posungira madzimadzi
• kutupa kwa mapazi, akakolo, ndi miyendo
• kusowa chakudya
• kumva kutopa ndi kufooka nthawi zambiri
• mutu wambiri
• kukhumudwa m'mimba
• nseru
• kusanza
• kusowa tulo
• zovuta kukhazikika

Zowopsa za matenda ashuga nephropathy

Kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matenda a impso ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino. Ngati muli ndi prediabetes, matenda a shuga a 2, kapena matenda ena odziwika ndi matenda ashuga, impso zanu zagwiridwa kale ntchito ndipo ntchito yake iyenera kuyesedwa chaka chilichonse.

Kupatula matenda ashuga, zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a impso ndi izi:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi kosalamulirika
• shuga wosalamulirika wamagazi
• kunenepa kwambiri
• cholesterol yambiri
• mbiri yabanja yamatenda a impso
• mbiri yabanja yamatenda amtima
• kusuta ndudu
• ukalamba

Kukula kwakukulu kwa matenda a impso kulipo pakati pa:

• Anthu aku Africa ku America
• Amwenye Achimereka
• Anthu aku Puerto Rico
• Anthu aku Asia

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga nephropathy

Matenda a impso alibe chifukwa chimodzi chokha. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti kukula kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi zaka zosasunthika zamagazi. Zina mwazinthu mwina zimagwiranso ntchito zofunika, monga kubadwa kwa majini.

Impso ndizo dongosolo lakuwononga magazi. Iliyonse imapangidwa ndi nephrons mazana mazana omwe amatsuka magazi azinyalala.

Popita nthawi, makamaka ngati munthu ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2, impso zimagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso chifukwa nthawi zonse amachotsa shuga wambiri m'magazi. Ma nephroni amatentha komanso amakhala ndi zipsera, ndipo sakugwiranso ntchito.

Posakhalitsa, ma nephroni sangathenso kusefa magazi amthupi mokwanira. Zinthu zomwe zimachotsedwa m'magazi, monga mapuloteni, zimadutsa mkodzo.

Zambiri mwa zinthu zosafunika ndi zomanga thupi zotchedwa albumin. Magawo amthupi mwanu a albin amatha kuyesedwa mumayeso amkodzo kuti muthandize kudziwa momwe impso zanu zimagwirira ntchito.

Chiwerengero chochepa cha albin mumkodzo chimatchedwa microalbuminuria. Pamene albumin yambiri imapezeka mumkodzo, vutoli limatchedwa macroalbuminuria.

Kuopsa kwa kulephera kwa impso ndi kwakukulu kwambiri ndi macroalbuminuria, ndipo matenda omaliza a impso (ESRD) ndiwowopsa. Chithandizo cha ERSD ndi dialysis, kapena magazi anu osefedwa ndi makina ndikubwezeretsanso m'thupi lanu.

Kuteteza matenda ashuga nephropathy

Njira zazikulu zopewera matenda ashuga nephropathy ndi izi:

Zakudya

Njira yabwino yosungira thanzi la impso ndiyo kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya zanu mosamala. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi impso pang'ono amafunika kukhala tcheru kwambiri posamalira:

• shuga wathanzi wamagazi
• cholesterol yamagazi
• milingo yamadzimadzi

Kupitirizabe kuthamanga kwa magazi kosakwana 130/80 ndikofunikanso. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi matenda a impso ochepa, amatha kukulirakulira chifukwa cha matenda oopsa. Tsatirani malangizo awa kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi:

• Idyani zakudya zopanda mchere.
• Musawonjezere mchere pazakudya.
• Kuchepetsa thupi ngati mukulemera kwambiri.
• Pewani mowa.

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuti muzitsatira zakudya zopanda mafuta ambiri, zopanda mafuta ambiri.

Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi

Kutengera malingaliro a dokotala wanu, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku kulinso kofunikira.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi amatenga angiotensin potembenuza enzyme (ACE) inhibitors yothandizira matenda amtima, monga captopril ndi enalapril. Mankhwalawa amathandizanso kuchepetsa kukula kwa matenda a impso.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amapatsa angiotensin receptor blockers.

Zosankha zina zomwe zingachitike kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 komanso matenda a impso atha kugwiritsa ntchito sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor kapena glucagon ngati peptide-1 receptor agonist. Mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa ngozi yakukula kwa matenda a impso komanso zochitika zamtima.

Kuleka kusuta

Mukasuta ndudu, muyenera kusiya nthawi yomweyo. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2012 wofalitsidwa mu, kusuta ndudu ndiye chiopsezo chokhazikitsidwa ndi matenda a impso.