Kuyesedwa Kovuta Kwa Mapapo

Zamkati

• Kodi kufalikira kwamapapu ndi chiyani?
• Kodi cholinga chakuyesera kufalikira kwamapapu ndi chiyani?
• Kodi ndingakonzekere bwanji mayeso am'mapapo?
• Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani pakuyesedwa kwamapapu?
• Kodi pali zoopsa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kuyesa kwa mapapo?
• Kodi zotsatira zanga zimatanthauzanji?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa zotsatira zoyesa zachilendo?
• Ndi mayeso ati ena am'mapapu omwe angachitike?

Kodi kuyezetsa mapapu ndi chiyani?

Kuchokera ku mphumu mpaka matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD), pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimatha kukhudza mapapu. Kupuma kapena kupuma movutikira kumatha kukhala zizindikilo kuti mapapu sakugwira ntchito momwe amayenera kukhalira. Ngati muwonetsa zizindikilo zamavuto am'mapapo, dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa mayeso kuti awone momwe mapapo amagwirira ntchito.

Chimodzi mwazoyeserera izi ndi kuyesa kwa mapapo. Kuyesedwa kwamapapu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika momwe mapapu anu amagwirira ntchito mpweya. Pamodzi ndi mayeso ena, zitha kuthandiza dokotala kudziwa ngati makina anu opumira akugwira bwino ntchito moyenera. Itha kudziwikanso kuti kufalikira kwa mapapo pakuyesa kwa carbon monoxide (DLCO).

Kodi kufalikira kwamapapu ndi chiyani?

Kuyesedwa kwa mapapu kumapangidwira kuyesa momwe mapapu anu amalolera mpweya wabwino ndi mpweya woipa kudutsa ndi kutuluka m'magazi anu. Izi zimatchedwa kufalikira.

Mukapuma, mumapuma mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya kudzera m'mphuno ndi pakamwa. Mpweyawu umadutsa munthawi yanu, kenako nkumalowera m'mapapu anu.Kamodzi m'mapapu, mpweya umadutsa m'malo angapo ocheperako omwe amatchedwa bronchioles. Pamapeto pake imafika m'matumba ang'onoang'ono otchedwa alveoli.

Kuchokera ku alveoli, mpweya wochokera kumlengalenga womwe mumapuma umalowa m'magazi anu mumitsempha yamagazi yapafupi. Iyi ndi njira yotchedwa kufalikira kwa oxygen. Magazi anu atakhala oksijeni, amanyamula mpweya mthupi lanu lonse.

Mtundu wina wofalikira umachitika magazi omwe ali ndi mpweya woipa akamabwerera kumapapu anu. Mpweya woipa umachoka m'magazi anu kupita ku alveoli. Kenako amachotsedwa mwa kutulutsa mpweya. Iyi ndi njira yotchedwa kufalikira kwa kaboni dayokisaidi.

Kuyeserera kwamapapu kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupenda kufalikira kwa oxygen ndi kaboni dayokisaidi.

Kodi cholinga chakuyesera kufalikira kwamapapu ndi chiyani?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito kuyesa kwa mapapo kuti awone anthu omwe ali ndi matenda am'mapapo kapena kuthandiza kuzindikira matendawa. Kuunika koyenera ndikuwunika ndikofunikira popereka chithandizo choyenera.

Ngati muwonetsa zisonyezo zamatenda am'mapapo, kuyesa kuyesa mapapo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kupenda momwe mapapo anu amagwirira ntchito. Komanso, ngati mukumwa mankhwala a matenda am'mapapo, dokotala wanu amatha kuyitanitsa mayesowa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti awone momwe matendawa akuyendera komanso momwe mankhwala anu akugwirira ntchito.

Kodi ndingakonzekere bwanji mayeso am'mapapo?

Asanayesedwe, adokotala angakufunseni kuti muchitepo kanthu pokonzekera kuyesedwa kwamapapu. Mutha kufunsidwa kuti:

• pewani kugwiritsa ntchito bronchodilator kapena mankhwala ena opumira musanayesedwe
• pewani kudya chakudya chochuluka musanayezedwe
• pewani kusuta kwa maola angapo mayeso asanayesedwe

Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani pakuyesedwa kwamapapu?

Nthaŵi zambiri, kuyesedwa kwa mapapo kumaphatikizapo izi:

1. Choyankhula chiziikidwa pakamwa pako. Idzakwanira bwino. Dokotala wanu amakupangirani mphuno pamphuno kuti muteteze kupuma kudzera m'mphuno mwanu.
2. Mudzapuma mpweya. Mlengalenga mumakhala mpweya wocheperako, komanso wotetezeka, wochuluka wa carbon monoxide.
3. Mudzagwira mpweya uwu mpaka kuwerengera 10 kapena apo.
4. Mudzatulutsa msanga mpweya womwe mumasunga m'mapapu anu.
5. Mpweya uwu udzasonkhanitsidwa ndikuwunikiridwa.

Kodi pali zoopsa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kuyesa kwa mapapo?

Kuyesedwa kwamapapo ndi njira yotetezeka kwambiri komanso yowongoka. Kuyesedwa kwamapapu sikumakhala pachiwopsezo chilichonse. Ndi njira yofulumira ndipo sayenera kupweteketsa anthu ambiri kapena kuwasautsa.

Mwachidziwikire, simudzakumana ndi zovuta zilizonse mayeso atatha.

Kodi zotsatira zanga zimatanthauzanji?

Kuyesaku kumayang'ana kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mumatulutsa komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mumatulutsa. Kawirikawiri, labu imagwiritsa ntchito kaboni monoxide, kapena mpweya wina "wotsata", kuti mudziwe mapapu anu omwe amatha kufalitsa mpweya.

Labu iwona zinthu ziwiri posankha zotsatira za mayeso: Kuchuluka kwa kaboni monoxide yomwe mudapumira koyambirira ndi kuchuluka komwe mudatulutsa.

Ngati mumakhala mpweya wocheperako wocheperako, zimasonyeza kuti mpweya wambiri udasokonezedwa kuchokera m'mapapu anu kulowa m'magazi anu. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha ntchito yamapapu yolimba. Ngati kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo ziwirizi ndi kofanana, mphamvu yamapapu anu siyokwanira.

Zotsatira za mayeso ndizosiyanasiyana, ndipo zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti "zabwinobwino" zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Dokotala wanu ayenera kuganizira zinthu zingapo kuti aone ngati zotsatira za mayeso anu zikusonyeza mavuto am'mapapo, kuphatikizapo:

• kaya muli ndi emphysema
• kaya ndinu mwamuna kapena mkazi
• zaka zanu
• mtundu wako
• kutalika kwako
• kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi anu

Nthawi zambiri, dotolo wanu amafanizira kuchuluka kwa kaboni monoksayidi yomwe amayembekeza kuti mutulutse ndi kuchuluka kwa kaboni monoxide yomwe mumatulutsamo.

Mukatulutsa paliponse kuchokera pa 75 mpaka 140 peresenti ya ndalama zomwe adaneneratu kuti mudzatero, zotsatira zanu zitha kuwerengedwa kuti sizachilendo. Ngati mutulutsa pakati pa 60 mpaka 79% ya ndalama zomwe zidanenedweratu, mapapu anu amatha kuwerengedwa pang'ono. Zotsatira zoyeserera pansipa 40% ndi chisonyezo chakuchepa kwamapapu, zotsatira zake zili pansi pa 30% zomwe zimakupangitsani kuti mulandire phindu la Social Security.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa zotsatira zoyesa zachilendo?

Ngati dokotala akuwona kuti mapapu anu samatulutsa mpweya pamlingo womwe ayenera kukhala, pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo. Zinthu zotsatirazi zitha kubweretsa zotsatira zosadziwika:

• mphumu
• emphysema
• kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo, kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya m'mapapo
• sarcoidosis, kapena kutupa kwa mapapo
• Kutupa kwa m'mapapo kapena mabala akulu
• thupi lachilendo kutsekereza njira yapaulendo
• mavuto ndi magazi ochepa
• embolism embolism (PE), kapena mtsempha wotsekedwa m'mapapu
• kukha magazi m'mapapu

Ndi mayeso ati ena am'mapapu omwe angachitike?

Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti mapapu anu sakugwira ntchito moyenera, atha kuyitanitsa mayeso angapo kuphatikiza pakuyesa kwamapapo. Chiyeso chimodzi chotere ndi spirometry. Izi zimayeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mumalowamo komanso momwe mungatulutsire mwachangu. Chiyeso china, muyeso wamapapu, chimatsimikizira kukula kwa mapapo anu ndi mphamvu. Amatchedwanso mayeso a lung plethysmography.

Zotsatira zonse za mayesowa zitha kuthandiza dokotala kuti adziwe zomwe zili zolakwika komanso zomwe angachite kuti athetse vuto lanu.