Mastoiditis: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zimayambitsa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Zovuta zotheka

Mastoiditis ndikutupa kwa fupa la mastoid, lomwe limakhala lotchuka kwambiri kuseri kwa khutu, ndipo limakonda kwambiri ana, ngakhale limatha kukhudza anthu amisinkhu yonse. Nthawi zambiri, mastoiditis imachitika chifukwa cha zovuta za otitis media, pomwe tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa matendawa timafalikira kupitirira khutu ndikufikira fupa.

Matenda a Mastoid amayambitsa kutupa kwambiri m'mafupa, komwe kumayambitsa kufiira, kutupa ndi kupweteka kwa fupa kuseri kwa khutu, kuwonjezera pa malungo ndi kutuluka kwa mafinya. Pankhani ya zizindikilo zomwe zikuwonetsa mastoiditis, kuwunika kwa sing'anga wamkulu, dokotala wa ana kapena otolaryngologist ndikofunikira, kuti chithandizo chamankhwala oyambitsa maantibayotiki chiyambike mwachangu, kupewa zovuta monga kuphulika kwa mafinya ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafupa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za mastoiditis ndi monga:

• Kupweteka kosalekeza ndi kothina, khutu ndi dera lozungulira khutu;
• Kufiira ndi kutupa m'dera kuseri kwa khutu;
• Kapangidwe ka chotupa kuseri kwa khutu, chofanana ndi chotumphuka, chomwe chingasokonezeke ndi zifukwa zina. Pezani zomwe zimayambitsa chotupa kuseri kwa khutu;
• Malungo;
• Kutuluka kwachikasu kuchokera khutu;
• Pakhoza kuchepa pang'onopang'ono pakumva, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa katulutsidwe, komanso chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa khutu la khutu ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa kumva.

Pachimake mastoiditis ndiye njira yofala kwambiri, komabe, imapanganso mawonekedwe osachiritsika, omwe amasintha pang'onopang'ono komanso amakhala ndi zizindikilo zowopsa.

Kuti atsimikizire kuti ali ndi vutoli, adotolo ayenera kuwunika zizindikilo, kuwunika khutu ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kuyitanitsa mayeso azoyeserera monga computed tomography. Kuphatikiza apo, kuti muzindikire bakiteriya yomwe imayambitsa matendawa, zitsanzo zamakutu zimatulutsidwa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa

Nthawi zambiri, mastoiditis imayamba chifukwa cha pachimake otitis media yomwe sinalandiridwepo kapena yachitidwa molakwika, yomwe imatha kuchitika mukamagwiritsa ntchito milingo yolakwika, kuyimitsa kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi isanakwane kapena pomwe maantibayotiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito sikokwanira kuthana ndi tizilombo , Mwachitsanzo.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe nthawi zambiri timayambitsa matendawa ndi Staphylococcus pyogenes, S. chibayo ndipo S. aureus, zomwe zimatha kufalikira kuchokera khutu kufikira mafupa.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha mastoiditis chimatsogozedwa ndi otorhinolaryngologist, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera mabakiteriya, monga Ceftriaxone, mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi milungu iwiri.

Ngati pali mapangidwe a abscess kapena ngati palibe kusintha kwamankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki, ngalande za katulutsidwe zitha kuwonetsedwa kudzera mu njira yotchedwa myringotomy kapena, pakavuta kwambiri, pangafunike kutsegula mastoid.

Zovuta zotheka

Mastoiditis yoopsa kwambiri kapena yochitidwa molakwika imatha kuyambitsa:

• Ogontha;
• Meninjaitisi;
• Zotupa za ubongo;
• Matenda opatsirana magazi, omwe amadziwika kuti sepsis.

Ikamayambitsa zovuta, zikutanthauza kuti mastoiditis ndi ovuta kwambiri ndipo amafunikira chithandizo mwachangu kuchipatala, apo ayi, imatha kupha.