Zikhulupiriro komanso zowona khumi zokhudzana ndi Edzi

Zamkati

• 1. Anthu omwe ali ndi HIV ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu nthawi zonse.
• 2. Kupsompsonana pakamwa kumafalitsa kachilombo ka HIV.
• 3. Mwana wa mayi yemwe ali ndi HIV sangakhale ndi kachilomboka.
• 4. Mwamuna kapena mkazi yemwe ali ndi HIV sangakhale ndi ana.
• 5. Anthu omwe ali ndi HIV sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu ngati mnzawo ali ndi kachilomboko.
• 6. Omwe ali ndi HIV ali ndi Edzi.
• 7. Nditha kutenga kachilombo ka HIV pogonana mkamwa.
• 8. Zoseweretsa zogonana zimafalitsanso kachilombo ka HIV.
• 9. Ngati kuyezetsa kwanga kulibe, ndilibe kachilombo ka HIV.
• 10. Ndizotheka kukhala bwino ndi HIV.

Kachilombo ka HIV kanapezeka mu 1984 ndipo mzaka 30 zapitazi zambiri zasintha. Sayansi yasintha ndipo malo ogulitsira omwe kale anali kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiri, lero ali ndi nambala yocheperako komanso yowoneka bwino, yokhala ndi zovuta zochepa.

Komabe, ngakhale nthawi ndi moyo wa munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka zawonjezeka kwambiri, HIV ilibe mankhwala kapena katemera. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zonse pamakhala kukayikira pankhaniyi ndipo ndichifukwa chake tapatula pano zikhulupiriro zazikulu ndi zowona zokhudzana ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi Edzi kuti mudziwe zambiri.

1. Anthu omwe ali ndi HIV ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu nthawi zonse.

CHOONADI: Anthu onse omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV akulangizidwa kuti azigonana ndi kondomu kokha kuti ateteze wokondedwa wawo. Makondomu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ku kachirombo ka HIV ndipo chifukwa chake iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana kulikonse, ndipo imayenera kusinthidwa ikatha kukodzera.

2. Kupsompsonana pakamwa kumafalitsa kachilombo ka HIV.

ZABODZA: Kukhudzana ndi malovu sikumafalitsa kachilombo ka HIV motero kupsompsonana pakamwa kumatha kuchitika popanda kulemera chikumbumtima, pokhapokha ngati awiriwo ali ndi zilonda pakamwa, chifukwa nthawi iliyonse mukakhudzana ndi magazi pamakhala chiopsezo chotengera.

3. Mwana wa mayi yemwe ali ndi HIV sangakhale ndi kachilomboka.

CHOONADI: Ngati mayi yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV atenga mimba ndikumalandira mankhwala moyenera nthawi yonse yomwe ali ndi pakati, chiopsezo chobadwa ndi kachilomboko sichikhala chochepa. Ngakhale kubereka komwe kulibe chiwopsezo chachikulu ndi njira yokhayo yosankhira, mayiyo amathanso kusankha kuti azibereka moyenera, koma kugwiranso ntchito ndi magazi ndi madzi amthupi ndikofunikira kuti zisawononge mwana. Komabe, mayiyu sangathe kuyamwitsa chifukwa kachilomboka kamadutsa mkaka ndipo kangathe kuipitsa mwanayo.

4. Mwamuna kapena mkazi yemwe ali ndi HIV sangakhale ndi ana.

ZABODZA: Mayi yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV atha kutenga pakati koma ayenera kuyezetsa kuti adziwe ngati kuchuluka kwa kachilombo ka HIV kulibe ndipo akuyenera kumwa mankhwala onse omwe adokotala amamuuza kuti asayipitse mwanayo. Mulimonsemo, ngati mwamuna kapena mkazi ali ndi vuto lodana ndi mkazi kuti apewe kuipitsidwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kupanga umuna wa vitro, makamaka tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya jakisoni wa umuna wa intracytoplasmic. Poterepa, adotolo amachotsa mazira mwa mayi ndipo mu labotale amalowetsa umuna wamwamuna mu dzira ndipo patatha maola ochepa amaika maselowa m'mimba mwa mayi.

5. Anthu omwe ali ndi HIV sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu ngati mnzawo ali ndi kachilomboko.

ZABODZA: Ngakhale mnzakeyo ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito kondomu polumikizana kulikonse chifukwa pali mitundu ingapo ya kachilombo ka HIV ndipo ali ndi ma virus osiyanasiyana. Ndiye ngati munthu ali ndi kachilombo koyambilira ka HIV koma wokondedwa wake ali ndi HIV 2, ngati agonana opanda kondomu onse amakhala ndi mitundu iwiri yonse ya kachilomboka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwala azivuta.

6. Omwe ali ndi HIV ali ndi Edzi.

ZABODZA: HIV imatanthawuza kachilombo ka HIV m'thupi mwake ndipo Edzi ndimatenda aumunthu ndipo chifukwa chake mawuwa sangagwiritsidwe ntchito mosinthana. Kukhala ndi kachilomboka sikutanthauza kudwala ndipo ndichifukwa chake mawu oti Edzi amangowonetsedwa munthuyo atakhala wokoma chifukwa chofooka kwa chitetezo chake chamthupi ndipo zimatha kutenga zaka zopitilira 10 kuti zichitike.

7. Nditha kutenga kachilombo ka HIV pogonana mkamwa.

CHOONADI: Yemwe amalandila kugonana mkamwa alibe chiopsezo chodetsedwa, koma munthu amene amagonana mkamwa ali pachiwopsezo chodetsedwa nthawi iliyonse, koyambirira kwa mchitidwewu, pakangokhala mafuta amadzimadzi okhaokha, komanso panthawi yopumira . Ichi ndichifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu ngakhale mutagonana mkamwa.

8. Zoseweretsa zogonana zimafalitsanso kachilombo ka HIV.

CHOONADI: Kugwiritsira ntchito chidole chogonana pambuyo poti munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV atha kupatsiranso kachilomboka, ndikupangitsa kuti munthuyo akhale ndi kachilomboka, motero sikulimbikitsidwa kugawana zidole izi.

9. Ngati kuyezetsa kwanga kulibe, ndilibe kachilombo ka HIV.

ZABODZA: Akakumana ndi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, thupi la munthu limatha kutenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti apange ma anti-HIV 1 ndi 2 omwe angadziwike poyesedwa. Chifukwa chake, ngati munali ndi chiopsezo chilichonse pogonana popanda kondomu, muyenera kuyezetsa magazi koyamba ndipo pakatha miyezi 6 muyesenso. Ngati zotsatira za kuyezetsa kwachiwiri zilinso ndi kachilombo, izi zikuwonetsa kuti mulibe kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa.

10. Ndizotheka kukhala bwino ndi HIV.

CHOONADI: Ndikutukuka kwa sayansi, ma antiretroviral ndiwothandiza kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi zovuta zochepa, zomwe zimabweretsa moyo wabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, masiku ano anthu adziwa zambiri ndipo alibe tsankho poyerekeza ndi kachirombo ka HIV ndi Edzi, komabe ndikofunikira kulandira chithandizo pomwa mankhwala omwe adanenedwa ndi kachilomboka, kugwiritsa ntchito makondomu nthawi zonse ndikuchita mayeso komanso kufunsa azachipatala pafupipafupi.