Matenda Opatsirana Pakamwa: Kodi Zizindikiro Zake Ndi Ziti?
Zamkati
Matenda opatsirana pogonana (matenda opatsirana pogonana) sikuti amangotenga kudzera kumaliseche kapena kumatako - kukhudzana kulikonse pakhungu ndi maliseche ndikokwanira kupititsa matenda opatsirana pogonana kwa mnzanu.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti kugonana mkamwa kugwiritsa ntchito pakamwa, milomo, kapena lilime kumatha kubweretsa zoopsa ngati zochitika zina zogonana.
Njira yokhayo yochepetsera chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kapena njira ina yotchingira pazochitika zogonana.
Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe angafalitsidwe kudzera mukugonana mkamwa, zizindikiro zofunika kuziyang'anira, ndi momwe mungayesere.
Chlamydia
Chlamydia imayambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya Chlamydia trachomatis. Ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amapezeka kwambiri ku United States pakati pa mibadwo yonse.
Chlamydia kudzera pogonana mkamwa, koma ndizotheka kuti imafalikira kudzera kumatako kapena kumaliseche. Chlamydia imatha kukhudza pakhosi, kumaliseche, kwamikodzo, ndi rectum.
Ma chlamydia ambiri omwe amakhudza pakhosi samayambitsa zisonyezo. Zizindikiro zikawoneka, zimatha kuphatikizira zilonda zapakhosi. Chlamydia siili moyo wonse, ndipo imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki oyenera.
Chifuwa
Gonorrhea ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha bakiteriya Neisseria gonorrhoeae. CDC imaganiza kuti pali pafupifupi chinzonono chaka chilichonse, ndikukhudza anthu azaka 15 mpaka 24.
Gonorrhea ndi chlamydia zitha kupitilizidwa pogonana mkamwa molingana ndi CDC, koma zowopsa zake. Omwe amagonana m'kamwa amathanso kugonana ndi akazi kapena abambo kumatako, chifukwa chomwe zimayambitsa vutoli sizingakhale zomveka.
Gonorrhea imatha kukhudza pakhosi, kumaliseche, kwamikodzo, ndi m'matumbo.
Monga chlamydia, chizonono cha pakhosi nthawi zambiri sichimawonetsa zizindikilo. Zizindikiro zikayamba kuonekera, nthawi zambiri pamatha sabata mutawonekera ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi pakhosi.
Gonorrhea imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki oyenera. Komabe, pakhala kuwonjezeka kwa malipoti a chinzonono chosagwira mankhwala ku United States ndi padziko lonse lapansi.
CDC ikulimbikitsanso kuyesanso ngati zizindikiro zanu sizingathe mukamaliza mankhwala onse opha tizilombo.
Ndikofunikanso kuti othandizana nawo aliyense kukayezetsa ndikuchiritsidwa matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe angakhale kuti adakumana nawo.
Chindoko
Chindoko ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya Treponema pallidum. Sizofala ngati matenda ena opatsirana pogonana.
Malinga ndi a, panali 115,045 omwe adanenedwa kuti ali ndi chindoko mu 2018. Chindoko chimatha kukhudza pakamwa, milomo, maliseche, anus, ndi rectum. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, syphilis imatha kufalikira kukhudzanso ziwalo zina za thupi, kuphatikiza mitsempha ndi dongosolo lamanjenje.
Zizindikiro za Syphilis zimachitika pang'onopang'ono. Gawo loyamba (chindoko chachikulu) limadziwika ndi zilonda zopanda ululu (zotchedwa chancre) kumaliseche, m'mbali, kapena mkamwa. Zilondazo sizingadziwike ndipo zimatha zokha ngakhale popanda chithandizo.
Gawo lachiwiri (syphilis yachiwiri), mutha kukhala ndi zotupa pakhungu, zotupa zam'mimba, ndi malungo. Gawo lobisika la vutoli, lomwe limatha zaka zambiri, silikuwonetsa zizindikilo.
Gawo lachitatu la vutoli (chindoko chachikulu) lingakhudze ubongo wanu, misempha, maso, mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, chiwindi, mafupa, ndi mafupa.
Ikhozanso kufalikira kwa mwana wakhanda panthawi yoyembekezera ndipo imayambitsa kubadwa kwa mwana kapena zovuta zina kwa khanda.
Chindoko chingachiritsidwe ndi maantibayotiki oyenera. Ngati sangachiritsidwe, vutoli limakhalabe m'thupi ndipo limatha kubweretsa zovuta zazikulu monga kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo ndi zotsatira zazikulu zamitsempha.
HSV-1
The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) ndi amodzi mwamitundu iwiri ya matenda opatsirana pogonana.
HSV-1 imafalikira makamaka kudzera pakakamwa pakamwa kapena pakamwa-mpaka-kumaliseche, zomwe zimayambitsa nsungu zam'mimba ndi ziwalo zoberekera. Malinga ndi a, HSV-1 imakhudza anthu pafupifupi 3.7 biliyoni ochepera zaka 50 padziko lonse lapansi.
HSV-1 imakhudza milomo, pakamwa, pakhosi, kumaliseche, rectum, ndi anus. Zizindikiro za herpes pakamwa zimaphatikizapo matuza kapena zilonda (zomwe zimatchedwanso zilonda zozizira) mkamwa, milomo, ndi pakhosi.
Ichi ndi chikhalidwe cha moyo wonse chomwe chitha kufalikira ngakhale zizindikiro sizikupezeka. Chithandizo chitha kuchepetsa kapena kupewa kuphulika kwa herpes ndikuchepetsa mafupipafupi.
HSV-2
HSV-2 imafalikira makamaka kudzera mukugonana, kuyambitsa maliseche kapena kumatako. Malinga ndi a, HSV-2 imakhudza anthu pafupifupi 491 miliyoni azaka zapakati pa 15 mpaka 49 padziko lonse lapansi.
HSV-2 imatha kufalikira kudzera pogonana mkamwa ndipo, limodzi ndi HSV-1 imatha kuyambitsa matenda akulu monga herpes esophagitis mwa anthu ena, koma izi ndizochepa. Zizindikiro za herpes esophagitis ndi monga:
- zilonda zotseguka pakamwa
- kuvuta kumeza kapena kupweteka ndi kumeza
- kuzizira
- malungo
- malaise (kumva kusamva bwino)
Ichi ndi chikhalidwe cha moyo wonse chomwe chitha kufalikira ngakhale mulibe zizindikiro. Chithandizo chitha kufupikitsa ndi kuchepetsa kapena kupewa kuphulika kwa herpes.
HPV
HPV ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana ofala kwambiri ku United States. CDC ikuyerekeza kuti pafupifupi akukhala ndi HPV pakadali pano.
Kachilomboka kangathe kufalikira kudzera m'kamwa pogonana nthawi zonse monga momwe zimachitikira kumaliseche kapena kumbuyo. HPV imakhudza pakamwa, pakhosi, kumaliseche, chiberekero, anus, ndi rectum.
Nthawi zina, HPV siziwonetsa chilichonse.
Mitundu ina ya HPV imatha kuyambitsa laryngeal kapena kupuma papillomatosis, yomwe imakhudza pakamwa ndi pakhosi. Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:
- ziphuphu kummero
- kusintha kwa mawu
- kuvuta kuyankhula
- kupuma movutikira
Mitundu ina ingapo ya HPV yomwe imakhudza pakamwa ndi pakhosi siyimayambitsa matenda, koma imatha kuyambitsa khansa yamutu kapena khosi.
HPV ilibe mankhwala, koma ma virus ambiri a HPV amakonzedwa ndi thupi lokha popanda vuto. Ziphuphu za pakamwa ndi mmero zimatha kuchotsedwa kudzera mu opaleshoni kapena mankhwala ena, koma zimatha kubwereranso ngakhale atalandira chithandizo.
Mu 2006, a FDA adavomereza katemera wa ana ndi achikulire azaka zapakati pa 11 ndi 26 kuti ateteze kufalikira kuchokera ku mitundu yowopsa kwambiri ya HPV. Awa ndi mitundu yokhudzana ndi khansa ya khomo lachiberekero, kumatako, kumutu ndi khosi. Zimatetezanso kumatenda omwe amapezeka chifukwa chotsutsana ndi maliseche.
Mu 2018, FDA kwa achikulire mpaka zaka 45.
HIV
CDC ikuyerekeza kuti ku United States kumakhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV mu 2018.
HIV imafala kwambiri kudzera mu nyini komanso kumatako. Malinga ndi a, chiopsezo chanu chofalitsa kapena kutenga kachilombo ka HIV pogonana mkamwa ndi chochepa kwambiri.
HIV ndi matenda amoyo wonse, ndipo ambiri samawona zizindikiro zilizonse kwazaka. Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV poyamba akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro ngati chimfine.
Palibe mankhwala a HIV. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wathanzi pomwa mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya ma virus komanso kupitiliza kulandira chithandizo.
Momwe mungayesere
Kufufuza kwa matenda opatsirana pogonana, kuyezetsa chlamydia ndi gonorrhea pachaka kwa azimayi onse ogonana ochepera zaka 25 komanso amuna onse ogonana omwe amagonana ndi amuna (MSM). MSM iyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa ndi syphilis pafupifupi chaka chilichonse.
Anthu omwe ali ndi zibwenzi zatsopano kapena zingapo, komanso amayi apakati, amayeneranso kuyezetsa matenda opatsirana pogonana pachaka. CDC imalimbikitsanso kuti anthu onse azaka zapakati pa 13 ndi 64 ayesedwe kachilombo ka HIV kamodzi pa moyo wawo wonse.
Mutha kuchezera dokotala wanu kapena chipatala kuti mukapimidwe kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana. Zipatala zambiri zimapereka njira zoyesera zaulere kapena zotsika mtengo. Zomwe mungayembekezere pamayeso zidzasiyana pamikhalidwe iliyonse.
Mitundu ya mayeso ndi awa:
- Chlamydia ndi chinzonono. Izi zimakhudza kusamba kwa maliseche anu, mmero, kapena rectum, kapena mkodzo.
- HIV. Kuyezetsa magazi kumafuna swab kuchokera mkamwa mwako kapena kuyesa magazi.
- Herpes (ali ndi zizindikiro). Chiyesochi chimaphatikizapo kusambira kwa dera lomwe lakhudzidwa.
- Chindoko. Izi zimafuna kuyezetsa magazi kapena kutengedwa pachilonda.
- HPV (njerewere za mkamwa kapena mmero). Izi zimakhudzana ndi kuwunika koonekera potengera zisonyezo kapena kuyesa pap.
Mfundo yofunika
Ngakhale matenda opatsirana pogonana amafala kwambiri kudzera mukugonana, ndizothekanso kuwapeza panthawi yogonana mkamwa.
Kuvala kondomu kapena njira ina yotchinga - moyenera komanso nthawi zonse - ndiyo njira yokhayo yochepetsera chiopsezo ndikupewa kufalikira.
Muyenera kukayezetsa pafupipafupi ngati mukugonana. Mukadziwa msinkhu wanu, mutha kulandira chithandizo msanga.
Tikupangira
Magnesium Citrate
