Matenda Aakulu a Myeloid Leukemia ndi Chiyembekezo Cha Moyo Wanu

Zamkati

• Magawo a CML
• Njira zothandizira
• Chiwonetsero
• Mitengo yonse yopulumuka
• Mitengo yopulumuka gawo

Kumvetsetsa matenda a khansa ya myeloid

Kudziwa kuti muli ndi khansa kumatha kukhala kovuta. Koma ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kupulumuka kwabwino kwa omwe ali ndi khansa ya myeloid.

Matenda a myeloid leukemia, kapena CML, ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayamba m'mafupa. Amayamba pang'onopang'ono m'maselo opanga magazi mkati mwa mafupa ndipo pamapeto pake amafalikira m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri anthu amakhala ndi CML kwakanthawi asanaone zizindikiro zilizonse kapena kuzindikira kuti ali ndi khansa.

CML ikuwoneka kuti imayambitsidwa ndi jini losazolowereka lomwe limapanga michere yambiri yotchedwa tyrosine kinase. Ngakhale ndizobadwa nazo, CML siyotengera cholowa.

Magawo a CML

Pali magawo atatu a CML:

• Matenda gawo: Mchigawo choyamba, maselo a khansa akukula pang'onopang'ono. Anthu ambiri amapezeka nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri amayesedwa magazi pazifukwa zina.
• Gawo lofulumira: Maselo a leukemia amakula ndikukula msanga gawo lachiwiri.
• Blastic gawo: Gawo lachitatu, maselo abwinobwino akulephera kuwongolera ndipo akutulutsa maselo abwinobwino.

Njira zothandizira

Munthawi yayitali, chithandizo chamankhwala chimakhala ndimankhwala am'kamwa otchedwa tyrosine kinase inhibitors kapena TKIs. Ma TKI amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa ntchito ya protein tyrosine kinase ndikuletsa maselo a khansa kukula ndikuchulukirachulukira. Anthu ambiri omwe amachiritsidwa ndi ma TKI adzakhululukidwa.

Ngati ma TKI samagwira ntchito, kapena asiye kugwira ntchito, ndiye kuti munthuyo amatha kupita kumalo othamanga kapena opunduka. Kuika kwa tsinde kapena kutsitsa mafuta m'mafupa nthawi zambiri kumakhala sitepe yotsatira. Kusintha uku ndi njira yokhayo yochiritsira CML, koma pakhoza kukhala zovuta zina. Pachifukwa ichi, kuziika kumachitika kokha ngati mankhwala sagwira ntchito.

Chiwonetsero

Monga matenda ambiri, malingaliro a iwo omwe ali ndi CML amasiyanasiyana kutengera zinthu zambiri. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• gawo lomwe ali
• msinkhu wawo
• thanzi lawo lonse
• kuwerengera kwa mbale
• kaya ndulu yakula
• kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa mafupa kuchokera ku khansa ya m'magazi

Mitengo yonse yopulumuka

Kuchuluka kwa khansa kumayesedwa zaka zisanu. Malinga ndi National Cancer Institute, zambiri zikuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi 65.1 peresenti ya omwe amapezeka ndi CML akadali ndi moyo zaka zisanu pambuyo pake.

Koma mankhwala atsopano olimbana ndi CML akupangidwa ndikuyesedwa mwachangu kwambiri, kukulitsa mwayi woti ziwopsezo zakutsogolo zitha kukhala zazikulu.

Mitengo yopulumuka gawo

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi CML amakhalabe gawo lanthawi yayitali. Nthawi zina, anthu omwe salandira chithandizo choyenera kapena samayankha bwino kuchipatala amasamukira kumalo othamanga kapena owawa. Maonekedwe pakadali pano amadalira mtundu wa mankhwala omwe adayesapo kale ndi mankhwala omwe matupi awo amatha kupirira.

Maganizo awo ali ndi chiyembekezo kwa iwo omwe ali munthawi yayitali ndipo akulandira ma TKI.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wamkulu wa 2006 wamankhwala atsopano otchedwa imatinib (Gleevec), panali 83% yopulumuka patatha zaka zisanu kwa omwe adalandira mankhwalawa. Kafukufuku wa 2018 wa odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa imatinib adapeza kuti 90% amakhala zaka zosachepera 5. Kafukufuku wina, yemwe adachitika mu 2010, adawonetsa kuti mankhwala omwe amatchedwa nilotinib (Tasigna) anali othandiza kwambiri kuposa Gleevec.

Mankhwala onsewa tsopano akhala mankhwala wamba nthawi yayitali ya CML. Ziwerengero zakupulumuka zikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka pamene anthu ambiri amalandila mankhwala awa ndi enanso atsopano, othandiza kwambiri.

Mu gawo lofulumira, mitengo ya moyo imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi chithandizo. Ngati munthuyo ayankha bwino ku ma TKI, mitengo ndiyabwino kwambiri kwa omwe ali mgulu lanthawi yayitali.

Ponseponse, mitengo ya opulumuka kwa omwe ali mgawoli yayenda pansi pa 20%. Mwayi wabwino kwambiri wopulumuka umaphatikizira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti munthuyo abwerere m'chigawo chosatha ndikuyesa kumuika khungu.