Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Zamkati

• Zomwe Zimayambitsa Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
• Kodi Zizindikiro Za Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ndi Ziti?
• Kodi Patent Ductus Arteriosus Amadziwika Bwanji?
• Zojambulajambula
• Electrocardiogram (EKG)
• Kodi Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ndi Ziti?
• Mankhwala
• Ndondomeko Yotengera Catheter
• Chithandizo cha Opaleshoni
• Kodi Zovuta Zomwe Zimakhudzana ndi Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ndi Ziti?
• Kodi Chiyembekezo Chosakhalitsa Ndi Chiyani?

Kodi Patent Ductus Arteriosus ndi Chiyani?

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ndi vuto lodziwika bwino lobadwa nalo la mtima lomwe limachitika mwa ana obadwa pafupifupi 3,000 chaka chilichonse ku United States, malinga ndi Cleveland Clinic. Zimachitika pamene chotengera cha magazi chosakhalitsa, chotchedwa ductus arteriosus, sichitseka akangobadwa. Zizindikiro zingakhale zochepa kapena zovuta. Nthawi zambiri, chilemacho chimatha kusadziwika ndipo chimatha kukhala munthu wamkulu. Kukonzekera kwa chilema nthawi zambiri kumachita bwino ndikubwezeretsa mtima pantchito yake yabwinobwino.

Mumtima wogwira ntchito bwino, mtsempha wamagazi umanyamula magazi kupita nawo m'mapapu kuti akatenge mpweya wabwino. Magazi okhala ndi mpweya ndiye amayenda kudzera mu aorta (minyewa yayikulu ya thupi) kupita ku thupi lonse. M'mimba, chotengera chamagazi chotchedwa ductus arteriosus chimalumikiza msempha ndi minyewa yamapapo. Amalola magazi kutuluka kuchokera m'mitsempha yam'mapapo kupita ku msempha ndikutuluka mthupi osadutsa m'mapapu. Izi ndichifukwa choti mwana yemwe akukula amalandila magazi a oxygen kuchokera kwa mayi, osati m'mapapu awo.

Mwana atangobadwa, ductus arteriosus iyenera kutseka kuti isasakanize magazi opanda mpweya m'mitsempha yam'mapapu ndi magazi olemera okosijeni ochokera ku aorta. Izi zikachitika, mwanayo amakhala ndi patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Ngati dokotala sazindikira kuti ali ndi vutoli, mwanayo akhoza kukula kukhala wamkulu ndi PDA, ngakhale izi ndizochepa.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

PDA ndi vuto lobadwa nalo la mtima ku United States, koma madokotala sadziwa kwenikweni chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. Kubadwa msanga kumayika ana pachiwopsezo. PDA imakonda kupezeka mwa atsikana kuposa anyamata.

Kodi Zizindikiro Za Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ndi Ziti?

Kutsegulira kwa ductus arteriosus kumatha kuyambira zazing'ono mpaka zazikulu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zizindikilo zimatha kukhala zofatsa kwambiri. Ngati kutsegula kuli kochepa kwambiri, sipangakhale zizindikiro ndipo dokotala wanu amangopeza vutoli pakumva kudandaula kwa mtima.

Nthawi zambiri, khanda kapena mwana yemwe ali ndi PDA amakhala ndi izi:

• thukuta
• kupuma mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu
• kutopa
• kunenepa pang'ono
• chidwi chochepa pakudyetsa

Nthawi zambiri PDA imapanda kudziwika, munthu wamkulu yemwe ali ndi chilema amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugundana kwamtima, kupuma movutikira, komanso zovuta monga kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapu, mtima wokulitsidwa, kapena kupindika kwa mtima.

Kodi Patent Ductus Arteriosus Amadziwika Bwanji?

Dokotala nthawi zambiri amazindikira PDA atamvera mtima wa mwana wanu. Matenda ambiri a PDA amachititsa kudandaula kwa mtima (mawu owonjezera kapena osazolowereka pamtima), omwe dokotala amatha kumva kudzera mu stethoscope. X-ray pachifuwa ingakhalenso yofunikira kuti muwone momwe mtima wa mwana ndi mapapo ake zilili.

Ana asanakwane sangakhale ndi zizindikilo zofananira ndi kubadwa kwa nthawi zonse, ndipo angafunike mayeso ena kuti atsimikizire PDA.

Zojambulajambula

Echocardiogram ndiyeso lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amawu kuti apange chithunzi cha mtima wamwana. Sizopweteka ndipo zimalola dokotala kuti aone kukula kwa mtima. Zimathandizanso adotolo kuti awone ngati pali zovuta zina pakuyenda kwamagazi. Echocardiogram ndiyo njira yofala kwambiri yozindikira PDA.

Electrocardiogram (EKG)

EKG imalemba zochitika zamagetsi pamtima ndikuwona mayendedwe osasinthasintha amtima. Kwa makanda, mayeso awa amathanso kuzindikira mtima wokulitsidwa.

Kodi Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ndi Ziti?

Nthawi yomwe kutsegula kwa ductus arteriosus kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, palibe chithandizo chofunikira. Kutsegula kumatha kutha khanda likamakula. Poterepa, adotolo adzafuna kuyang'anira PDA pamene mwana akukula. Ngati sichitseka chokha, mankhwala kapena chithandizo cha opaleshoni chidzafunika kuti mupewe zovuta.

Mankhwala

Mwana wakhanda asanakwane, mankhwala otchedwa indomethacin amatha kuthandiza kutseka kutsegula kwa PDA. Mukapatsidwa kudzera m'mitsempha, mankhwalawa amatha kuthandizira minofu ndikutseka ductus arteriosus. Chithandizo chamtunduwu chimakhala chothandiza kwa ana akhanda. Kwa makanda okalamba ndi ana, chithandizo chowonjezera chitha kukhala chofunikira.

Ndondomeko Yotengera Catheter

Khanda kapena mwana yemwe ali ndi PDA yaying'ono, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni njira yotsekera "trascatheter", malinga ndi. Njirayi imachitika ngati wodwala kunja ndipo sikuphatikiza kutsegula chifuwa cha mwana. Catheter ndi chubu chofewa chosunthika chomwe chimayendetsedwa kudzera mumitsempha yamagazi kuyambira kubuula ndikuwongoleredwa pamtima wa mwana wanu. Chipangizo chotsekera chimadutsa pa catheter ndikuyikidwa mu PDA. Chipangizocho chimatseka magazi kuti atuluke mumchombocho ndipo chimalola kuti magazi abwererenso mwakale.

Chithandizo cha Opaleshoni

Ngati kutsegula kuli kwakukulu kapena sikumadzisindikiza payekha, kuchitidwa opaleshoni kungakhale kofunikira kuti athetse vutolo. Chithandizo chamtunduwu chimangokhala cha ana omwe ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena kupitilira apo. Komabe, makanda achichepere amatha kulandira mankhwalawa ngati ali ndi zizindikilo. Pochita opaleshoni, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala opha tizilombo kuti ateteze matenda a bakiteriya mutachoka kuchipatala.

Kodi Zovuta Zomwe Zimakhudzana ndi Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ndi Ziti?

Matenda ambiri a PDA amapezeka ndikuchiritsidwa atangobadwa. Ndizachilendo kwambiri kuti PDA ipite osadziwika mpaka munthu wamkulu. Ngati zingatero, zitha kuyambitsa mavuto angapo azaumoyo. Kukula kwake ndikokulira, kukulira zovuta. Komabe, PDA ya achikulire osachiritsidwa imatha kubweretsa zovuta zina kwa akulu, monga:

• kupuma movutikira kapena kugunda kwa mtima
• kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo, kapena kukweza kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapu, komwe kumatha kuwononga mapapu
• endocarditis, kapena kutupa kwamkati mwamtima chifukwa cha matenda a bakiteriya (anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda)

Pazovuta zazikulu za PDA wamkulu wosachiritsidwa, kutulutsa magazi kambiri kumatha kukulitsa kukula kwa mtima, kufooketsa minofu ndi kuthekera kwake kupopera magazi moyenera. Izi zitha kubweretsa kukhumudwa kwa mtima komanso kufa.

Kodi Chiyembekezo Chosakhalitsa Ndi Chiyani?

Mawonekedwe ake ndiabwino kwambiri PDA ikazindikira ndikuchiritsidwa. Kuchira kwa ana asanakwane kumadalira momwe mwanayo adabadwira komanso ngati matenda ena alipo. Makanda ambiri amachira popanda kukumana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi PDA.