Kodi Protan Blind Blind ndi Chiyani?

Zamkati

• Ndi chiyani?
• Mitundu yakhungu la protan khungu
• Zomwe munthu yemwe ali ndi protanopia amatha kuwona
• Mayeso ndi matenda
• Chithandizo
• Kukhala ndi khungu lamtundu wa protan
• Yesetsani njira zoloweza pamtima
• Sanjani ndi kutchula zovala zanu
• Pangani mphamvu zanu zina
• Ganizirani za kuyatsa bwino
• Gwiritsani ntchito njira zopezera
• Mfundo yofunika

Kukwanitsa kwathu kuwona ndi mawonekedwe amtundu kumatengera kupezeka ndi magwiridwe antchito amitundu yakutulutsa kuwala m'maso athu. Khungu lakuda, kapena kusowa kwa utoto, kumachitika pomwe imodzi kapena zingapo zama kondomu sizigwira ntchito.

Pamene mawonekedwe a kutalika kwa kutalika kwa kutalika kwa maso akusowa kapena sakugwira ntchito moyenera, amayambitsa mtundu wakhungu lakhungu lotchedwa protan color blindness. Anthu omwe ali ndi khungu la protan khungu ali ndi vuto kusiyanitsa pakati pa ofiira ndi obiriwira.

M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana za khungu lamtundu wa protan, ndi mayeso ati ndi njira ziti zomwe zingapezeke kwa omwe ali ndi khungu lamtunduwu.

Ndi chiyani?

Kuti mumvetsetse khungu la protan khungu, zimathandiza kuphunzira momwe ma cones amaso amapangira masomphenya amitundu.

Mkati mwa ma cones amaso pali zinthu zina, zotchedwa zithunzi, zomwe zimazindikira kutalika kwa mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Ziphuphu zazifupi zazifupi (S-cones) zimazindikira ma buluu, ma cones wavelength cones (M-cones) amazindikira zobiriwira, ndipo ma cones a long wavethth cones (L-cones) amawoneka ofiira.

Pamene ma L-cones akusowa kapena osagwira ntchito, izi zimayambitsa mtundu wa mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira wodziwika kuti khungu la protan khungu.

Khungu lofiirira lobiriwira limakhudza pafupifupi 8% ya amuna ndi 0,5% ya azimayi padziko lonse lapansi, pomwe mtundu wofala kwambiri ndiwo khungu lobiriwira. Khungu khungu lokha limayambitsidwa ndi jini yolumikizidwa ndi X, ndichifukwa chake amuna amakhudzidwa kwambiri kuposa akazi.

Izi ndichifukwa choti amuna amakhala ndi X chromosome imodzi, motero amangofunikira kusintha kwamtundu umodzi kuti vutoli lichitike. Amayi, komabe, ali ndi ma chromosomes awiri a X, motero angafunikire kusintha kwamitundu iwiri kuti akhale ndi vutoli.

Mitundu yakhungu la protan khungu

Pali mitundu yambiri yakhungu, ndipo mtundu uliwonse umatha kusiyanasiyana momwe ungakhudzire masomphenya amtundu wina. Khungu khungu la Protan nthawi zambiri limapangitsa maso kukhala ndi vuto kusiyanitsa pakati pa ofiira ndi obiriwira.

Mitundu iwiri yakhungu lakhungu la protan ndi protanomaly ndi protanopia.

• Protanomaly zimachitika pamene ma L-cones amapezeka koma sagwira ntchito moyenera. Zotsatira zake, maso amawona ofiira ngati obiriwira.
• Protanopia zimachitika ma L-cones akusowa kwathunthu. Popanda ma L-cones, maso ali ndi vuto kusiyanitsa zobiriwira ndi zofiira.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakhungu lakhungu, lomwe limaphatikizapo khungu lamtundu wa protan, limatha kuyambira pofikira mpaka povuta.

Mwachitsanzo, protanomaly ndiwofatsa kuposa protanopia ndipo nthawi zambiri samayambitsa mavuto ambiri m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Protanopia, pokhala mawonekedwe owopsa kwambiri akhungu lobiriwira ofiira, amachititsa malingaliro osiyana kwambiri ofiira ndi obiriwira.

Zomwe munthu yemwe ali ndi protanopia amatha kuwona

Nachi chithunzi chomwe chimawonedwa ndi munthu wopanda khungu khungu:

Protanopia

Umu ndi momwe chithunzi chomwecho chingawonekere kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi protanopia:

Masomphenya achilendo

Mayeso ndi matenda

Kuyesa kwamitundu, kapena mtundu wa Ishihara, kumagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo yamitundu kuti ayesere kukwanira kwa utoto. Mbale iliyonse imakhala ndi timadontho tating'ono. Ena mwa madontho achikudawa amapangidwa kukhala nambala kapena chizindikiro pakati pa mbaleyo.

Ngati muli ndi masomphenya athunthu, mudzatha kuwona ndikuzindikira nambala kapena chizindikiro chomwe chilipo pachithunzichi.

Komabe, ngati mulibe masomphenya athunthu, mwina simungathe kuwona nambala kapena chizindikiro pamapepala ena konse. Mtundu wakhungu wakhungu womwe muli nawo umatsimikizira zomwe mungathe komanso zomwe simungathe kuziwona m'ma mbale.

Ngakhale madotolo ambiri amaso amatha kuyesa khungu lakhungu, pali makampani akuluakulu ochepa omwe amakhazikika pakupereka mayeso amtundu waulere pa intaneti.

EnChroma, imodzi mwamakampani otsogola pakupanga ukadaulo wa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu losawoneka bwino, ili ndi Mtundu Woyesa Wakhungu womwe umapezeka patsamba lake. Kuyesaku kumatenga mphindi zosachepera 2 kuti muchite ndipo kukudziwitsani ngati khungu lanu lakhungu ndi lofatsa, lochepa, kapena loopsa.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi khungu losawoneka bwino ndipo mukumva kuti mungapindule ndi matenda omwe amapezeka, mutha kupanganso mayeso autoto ndi katswiri wazosamalira maso.

Chithandizo

Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala akhungu la protan khungu. Komabe, pali makampani omwe amapanga zida za anthu omwe ali ndi khungu khungu kuti athandizire kusintha moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Mwachitsanzo, magalasi a EnChroma agulitsidwa ngati njira yothandizira kusiyanitsa mitundu ndi makongoletsedwe amtundu wa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu losawoneka bwino. Mmodzi kuchokera mu 2018 adawunika momwe magalasi amtunduwu aliri othandizira kuthana ndi utoto mwa omwe atenga nawo mbali.

Ofufuzawo apeza kuti magalasi a EnChroma asintha pang'ono malingaliro amitundu omwe ophunzirawo anali atawona kale. Komabe, magalasiwo sanathe kupititsa patsogolo kuyesa kwa matenda kapena kubwezeretsanso mawonekedwe abwinobwino amitundu.

Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamankhwala zomwe mungapeze chifukwa cha khungu la protan, mutha kupita kukaonana ndi dotolo wanu kuti adziwe zambiri.

Kukhala ndi khungu lamtundu wa protan

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi khungu la protan khungu amakhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino. Komabe, kukhala ndi khungu lakhungu kumatha kupangitsa ntchito zina za tsiku ndi tsiku kukhala zovuta, monga kuyendetsa, kuphika, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi.

Njira zantchito, monga kuloweza, kusintha kwa kuyatsa, ndi makina olemba, zitha kukhala zothandiza pakuyenda moyo watsiku ndi tsiku mukakhala ndi khungu losawoneka bwino.

Yesetsani njira zoloweza pamtima

Khungu khungu la Protan limakhudza kwambiri kuyendetsa. Chofiira ndi mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mizere yamagalimoto ndi zikwangwani, kuchokera pamagetsi oyimitsa mpaka zizindikilo.

Kuloweza dongosolo ndi mawonekedwe a zikwangwani ndi zikwangwani kungakuthandizeni kupitiliza kuyendetsa bwino, ngakhale mutakhala ndi khungu.

Sanjani ndi kutchula zovala zanu

Kusankha kuphatikiza zovala zina kumakhala kovuta ndi khungu lamtundu wa protan, makamaka kwa utoto wofiyira ndi wobiriwira. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu loopsa kwambiri, kukhala ndi bwenzi kapena wachibale wokonza ndikulemba zovala zitha kukhala zothandiza kwambiri.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo ndi zilembo kuti musiyanitse mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe ingakuthandizeni posankha zovala.

Pangani mphamvu zanu zina

Fungo, kulawa, kugwira, ndi kumva ndi zinthu zinayi zomwe zimatithandiza kuyenda pamoyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku. Kunja kwa zovuta zina, anthu omwe ali ndi khungu la protan amatha kugwiritsabe ntchito mphamvu zonsezi pazochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale osakhala ndi utoto wowoneka bwino, kununkhiza ndi kulawa zitha kukhala zothandiza pantchito monga kuphika chakudya ndikusankha zokolola zatsopano.

Ganizirani za kuyatsa bwino

Masomphenya amitundu amachepetsedwa kwambiri pakalibe kuyatsa koyenera. Anthu omwe ali ndi khungu la protan khungu amapindula ndi kuyatsa bwino chifukwa kumatha kuwathandiza kusiyanitsa mitundu yomwe akuwona kale.

Kukhazikitsa kuyatsa kwachilengedwe ndi mababu masana kunyumba komanso ngakhale pantchito zitha kukhala zothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu losawoneka bwino.

Gwiritsani ntchito njira zopezera

Zambiri zamagetsi, monga mafoni, ma TV, ndi makompyuta, zimapereka mwayi wosankha kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu losawoneka bwino. Zosankhazi zitha kuthandiza kusintha mitundu ina pazenera kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito zida izi.

Kuphatikiza apo, palinso mapulogalamu ena pamsika omwe angathandize anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wakuda kuzindikira mitundu yomwe sangathe kuwona.

Mfundo yofunika

Khungu lakhungu la Protan ndi mtundu wamtundu wakusowa kwamaso womwe umachitika pomwe mitundu yakhungu-yofiira yamaso ikusowa kapena ikutha.

Pali mitundu iwiri yakhungu la khungu la protan: protanomaly ndi protanopia.

Protanomaly ndi mawonekedwe ofatsa ofiira ofiira obiriwira, pomwe protanopia ndiye mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri. Mitundu yonse yakhungu lakhungu, kuphatikiza protanomaly ndi protanopia, imatha kupezeka kudzera pakuyesa kwamitundu.

Ngakhale mutapezeka kuti muli ndi khungu lamtundu wa protan, kusintha kwakanthawi kachitidwe kanu watsiku ndi tsiku kungakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino, wokhutiritsa.