Kodi psychoanalysis ndi chiyani, zimachitidwa bwanji ndipo zimapangidwira chiyani

Zamkati

• Momwe zimachitikira
• Ndi chiyani
• Njira zochizira matenda amisala
• Mawu omwe dokotala angagwiritse ntchito

Psychoanalysis ndi mtundu wa psychotherapy, wopangidwa ndi dokotala wotchuka Sigmund Freud, womwe umathandiza kuthandiza anthu kumvetsetsa malingaliro awo ndi momwe akumvera, komanso kuthandiza kuzindikira momwe kukomoka kumakhudzira malingaliro ndi zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Katswiri wazamisala kapena wamisala atha kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi kuti athandizire pochiza anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa, kukhumudwa ndi zovuta zina. Komabe, psychoanalysis itha kuchitidwanso ndi aliyense amene akufuna kumvetsetsa zomwe akumana nazo, omwe ali ndi mavuto pachibwenzi kapena amavutika kulingalira.

Magawo a Psychoanalysis atha kuchitidwa ndi achikulire, achinyamata ndi ana, payekha kapena m'magulu ndipo amatha pafupifupi mphindi 45, kutengera wothandizira. Musanayambe gawoli, ndikofunikira kufunafuna akatswiri oyenerera kuti zotsatira zake zikhale zabwino komanso zokhutiritsa.

Momwe zimachitikira

Magawo azithandizo ndi psychoanalysis amachitika muofesi kapena chipatala cha wothandizira kapena psychoanalyst, yemwe atha kukhala wama psychologist kapena psychiatrist, ndipo amatha pafupifupi mphindi 45. Pafupipafupi ndi kuchuluka kwa magawo amafotokozedwa ndi othandizira, kutengera munthuyo kwa munthu.

Pakati pa zokambirana munthuyo amagona pakama, wotchedwa divani, ndikuyamba kulankhula za momwe akumvera, machitidwe ake, mikangano yake ndipo samayang'ana maso ndi wothandizira, kuti asachite manyazi kunena zomwe akumva. Monga mitundu ina yamankhwala amisala, pomwe munthuyo akuyankhula, wothandizira amafufuza komwe amabweretsa zovuta zamatsenga ndikuthandizira munthuyo kufunafuna njira zothetsera mavutowa. Onani zambiri zamitundu yayikulu yamankhwala amisala.

Mu psychoanalysis, munthuyo amatha kuyankhula zilizonse zomwe zikubwera m'maganizo mwake, popanda zoletsa zilizonse ndipo sayenera kuda nkhawa zakumva kuti ndi wolakwa kapena wamanyazi, chifukwa ndi momwe wothandizira azithandizira posaka mayankho pamavuto apano, ndi chidziwitso chomwe chaperekedwa amakhala obisika nthawi zonse.

Ndi chiyani

Kupyolera mu psychoanalysis munthu atha kudziwa kuchokera kumalo osazindikira a malingaliro ake ndipo izi zitha kuthandiza kumvetsetsa momwe akumvera, momwe akumvera komanso mikangano yamkati. Mwanjira imeneyi, mankhwala amtunduwu amatha kuwonetsedwa kwa aliyense amene akufuna kudzidziwa yekha komanso amene akufuna kumvetsetsa chifukwa chomwe akumvera.

Wothandizira, akamayankhula ndi munthuyo, amatha kuthandizira kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonekera kwa nkhawa, kukhumudwa ndi mitundu ina yamatenda. Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za momwe psychoanalysis imagwirira ntchito, ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro a katswiri wazamisala, chifukwa nthawi zambiri pamafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mavuto ena omwe psychoanalysis ingathandize kuthana nawo ndikudzipatula, kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe, kudzikayikira, mavuto azakugonana, kusasangalala nthawi zonse, mikangano pakati pa anthu, kuvutika kuyang'ana, kuda nkhawa kwambiri komanso kudziwononga, monga kumwa mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Njira zochizira matenda amisala

Psychoanalysis ili ndi njira ndi maluso osiyanasiyana omwe adzawonetsedwe malinga ndi zomwe wothandizirayo walamula, kutengera zosowa za munthu aliyense. Njira izi zitha kukhala:

• Malangizo: ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akulu, pomwe wodwalayo amakhala moyang'anizana ndi munthuyo. Nthawi zambiri zolinga zanu zimangokhala kuthana ndi vuto linalake monga kukhumudwa ndi nkhawa;
• Psychodrama: imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa akulu, popeza kuti imapangidwa pakupanga mawonekedwe abodza ofanana ndi chochitika chenicheni cha moyo wamunthu, monga nkhondo, mwachitsanzo. Wothandizira amawunika zochita za munthuyo kuti amvetsetse malingaliro ndi malingaliro ake;
• Mwana: Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi mavuto ena, monga kukhumudwa, kusowa tulo, kupsa mtima kwambiri, kuganiza mopambanitsa, zovuta kuphunzira komanso zovuta pakudya;
• Maanja:imagwira ntchito kumvetsetsa kusintha kwa maubale pakati pa maanja, kuthandizira kuthetsa kusamvana ndikuthandizira pakufufuza njira zothetsera kusamvana;
• Magulu amisala: Ndipamene wothandizira amathandizira gulu la anthu kuti amvetsetse momwe akumvera limodzi, kuthandizana.

Psychoanalysis imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira ndikuchiza mavuto ndi mikhalidwe yambiri, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale itha kukhala njira yayitali, psychotherapy yokhala ndi psychoanalysis imathandizira kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana, monga kukhumudwa ndi nkhawa komanso kuthandiza anthu kuti azikhala bwino ndi iwo komanso ndi anzawo, mosasamala kanthu za njira yomwe agwiritsa ntchito.

Mawu omwe dokotala angagwiritse ntchito

Kuti athandize munthuyo kumvetsetsa momwe akumvera, womvera amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamtundu uwu wa psychotherapy, monga:

• Osadziwa kanthu: ndilo gawo la malingaliro lomwe silimadziwika kudzera m'malingaliro a tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikumverera kobisika komanso kuti munthu sakudziwa kuti ali nako;
• Zochitika za ana: ndizo zochitika zomwe zidachitika ali mwana, monga zikhumbo ndi mantha zomwe sizinathetsedwe panthawiyo zomwe zimayambitsa mikangano pakukula;
• Maloto kutanthauza: amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumvetsetsa zikhumbo zosadziwika ndi malingaliro pamene munthuyo ali maso, ndipo malotowa nthawi zambiri amafotokozera tanthauzo losazindikira;
• Ego, id ndi superego: ego ndi gawo lamalingaliro lomwe limadzudzula zochita ndikumverera, id ndi gawo lomwe zikumbukiro za osadziwa kanthu, ndipo superego ndiye chikumbumtima.

Ngakhale pali njira zenizeni zama psychoanalysis, wothandizira aliyense amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kutengera munthu aliyense ndi zolinga zomwe akufuna kukwaniritsa.