Kuwerengera kwa Maselo Ofiira Ofiira (RBC)

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kosazolowereka
• Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuwerengera RBC?
• Kodi RBC count imachitika bwanji?
• Kodi ndingakonzekere bwanji kuwerengera RBC?
• Kodi kuopsa kopeza RBC count ndi kotani?
• Kodi ndimayendedwe otani a RBC count?
• Kodi chiwerengerochi chimatanthauza chiyani?
• Kodi kuwerengera kocheperako kumatanthauza chiyani?
• Maselo ofiira ndi khansa yamagazi
• Ndingatani ngati ndikapeza zovuta zina?
• Zosintha m'moyo
• Kusintha kwa zakudya

Kodi maselo ofiira amwazi ndi chiyani?

Kuwerengera kwa maselo ofiira ofiira ndi kuyezetsa magazi komwe dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira (RBCs) omwe muli nawo. Amadziwikanso kuti kuwerengera kwa erythrocyte.

Kuyesaku ndikofunikira chifukwa ma RBC ali ndi hemoglobin, yomwe imanyamula mpweya kumatumba amthupi lanu. Chiwerengero cha ma RBC omwe muli nawo chingakhudze kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe minofu yanu imalandira. Matenda anu amafunikira mpweya kuti ugwire ntchito.

Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kosazolowereka

Ngati kuwerengera kwanu kwa RBC ndikokwera kwambiri kapena kotsika kwambiri, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikilo ndi zovuta.

Ngati muli ndi RBC low, zisonyezo zingaphatikizepo:

• kutopa
• kupuma movutikira
• chizungulire, kufooka, kapena mutu wopepuka, makamaka mukasintha malo mwachangu
• kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima
• kupweteka mutu
• khungu lotumbululuka

Ngati muli ndi RBC yowerengera, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikilo monga:

• kutopa
• kupuma movutikira
• kupweteka pamodzi
• Kukoma mtima m'manja kapena pamapazi
• khungu loyabwa, makamaka mukatha kusamba kapena kusamba
• kusokonezeka tulo

Ngati mukumane ndi izi, dokotala akhoza kuyitanitsa RBC count.

Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuwerengera RBC?

Malinga ndi American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC), mayeserowa nthawi zambiri amakhala gawo la kuyesa kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC). Kuyesa kwa CBC kumayeza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zonse m'magazi, kuphatikiza:

• maselo ofiira ofiira
• maselo oyera
• hemogulobini
• magazi
• othandiza magazi kuundana

Hematocrit yanu ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira amthupi lanu. Kuyezetsa magazi kumatengera kuchuluka kwa ma RBC m'magazi anu.

Ma Platelet ndi timaselo ting'onoting'ono tomwe timazungulira m'magazi ndikupanga magazi omwe amaundana omwe amalola mabala kupola komanso kupewa magazi ambiri.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso ngati akukayikira kuti muli ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza ma RBC anu, kapena ngati mukuwonetsa zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• kutulutsa khungu kwamabuluu
• chisokonezo
• Kukwiya ndi kupumula
• kupuma kosasintha

Mayeso a CBC nthawi zambiri amakhala gawo la mayeso azomwe amachita. Chitha kukhala chisonyezo cha thanzi lanu lonse. Ikhozanso kuchitidwa musanachite opaleshoni.

Ngati muli ndi vuto la magazi lomwe lingakhudze kuchuluka kwa RBC, kapena mukumwa mankhwala aliwonse omwe amakhudza ma RBC anu, dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa mayeso kuti awunikire matenda anu. Madokotala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso a CBC kuti awone ngati khansa ya m'magazi komanso matenda am'magazi.

Kodi RBC count imachitika bwanji?

Kuwerengera kwa RBC ndi kuyesa magazi kosavuta kochitidwa kuofesi ya dokotala wanu. Inu adotolo mumatulutsa magazi pamitsempha yanu, nthawi zambiri mkati mwamkono wanu. Masitepe omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kukoka magazi ndi awa:

• Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala adzatsuka malowo ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo.
• Adzakulunga kansalu kotanuka kumanja kwanu kuti mitsempha yanu itupuke ndi magazi.
• Adzakulowetsani singano mumtambo wanu ndikutenga magaziwo mumtsuko kapena chubu.
• Kenako achotsa singano ndi zotanuka m'manja mwanu.
• Wopezera zaumoyo amatumiza magazi anu ku labotale kuti akawunikenso.

Kodi ndingakonzekere bwanji kuwerengera RBC?

Palibe kawirikawiri kukonzekera kwapadera kofunikira pamayesowa. Koma muyenera kuuza dokotala ngati mukumwa mankhwala. Izi zikuphatikiza mankhwala aliwonse owonjezera pa-counter (OTC) kapena zowonjezera.

Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani za njira zina zofunika kuzisamalirira.

Kodi kuopsa kopeza RBC count ndi kotani?

Mofanana ndi kuyezetsa magazi kulikonse, pamakhala chiopsezo chotaya magazi, kuvulala, kapena matenda pamalo ophulika. Mutha kumva kupweteka pang'ono kapena kumva kwakuthwa singano ikalowa m'manja mwanu.

Kodi ndimayendedwe otani a RBC count?

Malinga ndi Leukemia & Lymphoma Society:

• Mulingo wabwinobwino wa RBC wamwamuna ndi ma cell 4.7 mpaka 6.1 miliyoni pa microliter (mcL).
• Mulingo wabwinobwino wa RBC azimayi omwe alibe pakati ndi 4.2 mpaka 5.4 miliyoni mcL.
• Mulingo wabwinobwino wa RBC wa ana ndi 4.0 mpaka 5.5 miliyoni mcL.

Mitunduyi imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera labotale kapena dokotala.

Kodi chiwerengerochi chimatanthauza chiyani?

Muli ndi erythrocytosis ngati kuwerengera kwanu kwa RBC ndikokwera kuposa kwachibadwa. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha:

• kusuta ndudu
• matenda obadwa nawo amtima
• kusowa kwa madzi m'thupi
• renal cell carcinoma, mtundu wa khansa ya impso
• m'mapapo mwanga fibrosis
• polycythemia vera, matenda am'mafupa omwe amachititsa kuti ma RBC achulukane ndipo amathandizidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini

Mukasunthira kumtunda wapamwamba, kuwerengera kwanu kwa RBC kumatha kuchuluka kwa milungu ingapo chifukwa mumakhala mpweya wochepa mlengalenga.

Mankhwala ena monga gentamicin ndi methyldopa atha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwanu kwa RBC. Gentamicin ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a bakiteriya m'magazi.

Methyldopa imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zimagwira ntchito pochepetsa mitsempha yamagazi kuti magazi azitha kuyenda mosavuta kudzera mthupi. Onetsetsani kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala omwe mumamwa.

Kuwerengera kwakukulu kwa RBC kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha kugona tulo, pulmonary fibrosis, ndi zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ochepa.

Mankhwala opititsa patsogolo monga jakisoni wamapuloteni ndi anabolic steroids amathanso kukulitsa ma RBC. Matenda a impso ndi khansa ya impso zingayambitsenso kuchuluka kwa RBC.

Kodi kuwerengera kocheperako kumatanthauza chiyani?

Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma RBCs ndiotsika poyerekeza, zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi:

• kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
• kulephera kwa mafupa
• Kulephera kwa erythropoietin, komwe kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi mwa odwala matenda a impso
• hemolysis, kapena chiwonongeko cha RBC choyambitsidwa ndi kuthiridwa magazi ndi kuvulala kwa chotengera chamagazi
• kutuluka magazi mkati kapena kunja
• khansa ya m'magazi
• kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi
• angapo myeloma, khansa yamagazi am'magazi
• kusowa kwa zakudya, kuphatikizapo kuchepa kwa chitsulo, mkuwa, folate, ndi mavitamini B-6 ndi B-12
• mimba
• matenda a chithokomiro

Mankhwala ena amathanso kutsitsa kuchuluka kwanu kwa RBC, makamaka:

• mankhwala a chemotherapy
• chloramphenicol, yomwe imachiza matenda a bakiteriya
• quinidine, yomwe imatha kuchiza kugunda kwamtima mosasintha
• ma hydantoins, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khunyu komanso kutuluka kwa minofu

Maselo ofiira ndi khansa yamagazi

Khansa yamagazi imatha kukhudza kupanga ndi kugwira ntchito kwa maselo ofiira. Zitha kupanganso milingo yachilendo ya RBC.

Mtundu uliwonse wa khansa yamagazi imakhudza kwambiri kuwerengera kwa RBC. Mitundu itatu yayikulu ya khansa yamagazi ndi iyi:

• khansa ya m'magazi, yomwe imalepheretsa mafuta a m'mafupa kupanga mapulogalamu ndi maselo ofiira a magazi
• lymphoma, yomwe imakhudza maselo oyera amthupi
• myeloma, yomwe imalepheretsa kupanga ma antibodies mwachilengedwe

Ndingatani ngati ndikapeza zovuta zina?

Dokotala wanu adzakambirana nanu zotsatira zosazolowereka. Kutengera zotsatira, angafunike kuyitanitsa mayeso ena.

Izi zitha kuphatikizira magazi smears, pomwe kanema wamagazi anu amawunikidwa ndi microscope. Magazi am'magazi amathandizira kuzindikira zovuta m'maselo amwazi (monga sickle cell anemia), zovuta zama cell oyera monga leukemia, ndi tizirombo tamagazi ngati malungo.

Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndimomwe mulibe maselo ofiira okwanira okwanira kutengera mpweya mthupi lonse. Mitundu ya kuchepa kwa magazi ndi monga:

• chitsulo chosowa magazi m'thupi, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimachiritsidwa mosavuta
• sickle cell anemia, yomwe imabweretsa maselo ofiira ofiira modabwitsa omwe amafa msanga
• kuchepa kwa mavitamini, komwe nthawi zambiri kumachokera ku mavitamini B-12 ochepa

Mitundu yonse ya kuchepa kwa magazi imafunikira chithandizo. Anthu omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi amakhala otopa komanso ofooka. Amathanso kudwala mutu, manja ozizira ndi mapazi, chizungulire, komanso kugunda kwamtima kosazolowereka.

Mafupa a m'mafupa angasonyeze momwe maselo osiyanasiyana a magazi anu amapangidwira m'mafupa anu. Mayeso ozindikira, monga ma ultrasound kapena ma electrocardiograms, amatha kuyang'ana zinthu zomwe zimakhudza impso kapena mtima.

Zosintha m'moyo

Kusintha kwa moyo kumatha kukhudza kuwerengera kwanu kwa RBC. Zina mwa zosinthazi ndi izi:

• kukhala ndi zakudya zabwino komanso kupewa mavitamini
• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, zomwe zimafunikira kuti thupi ligwiritse ntchito mpweya wabwino
• kupewa aspirin
• kupewa kusuta

Mutha kutha kuchepetsa RBC yanu ndi zosintha zotsatirazi:

• kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chitsulo ndi nyama yofiira yomwe mumadya
• kumwa madzi ambiri
• kupewa ma diuretics, monga zakumwa zomwe zili ndi caffeine kapena mowa
• kusiya kusuta

Kusintha kwa zakudya

Kusintha kwa zakudya kumatha kutenga gawo lalikulu pakuthandizira kunyumba powonjezera kapena kutsitsa kuwerengera kwanu kwa RBC.

Mutha kuwonjezera RBC yanu ndi zosintha zotsatirazi:

• kuwonjezera zakudya zopangira chitsulo (monga nyama, nsomba, nkhuku), komanso nyemba zouma, nandolo, ndi masamba obiriwira (monga sipinachi) pazakudya zanu
• kuwonjezera mkuwa mu zakudya zanu ndi zakudya monga nkhono, nkhuku, ndi mtedza
• kupeza vitamini B-12 wambiri ndi zakudya monga mazira, nyama, ndi chimanga cholimba