Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Kukomoka

Zamkati

• Kodi mitundu ya khunyu ndi iti?
• Kugwidwa koyambirira
• Kugwidwa kwanthawi yayitali
• Kugwidwa kosadziwika koyamba
• Kodi zizindikiro za kugwidwa ndi ziti?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa khunyu?
• Kodi zotsatira za kugwidwa ndi chiyani?
• Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi khunyu amalandira bwanji?
• Kodi mumathandiza bwanji munthu amene wakomoka?
• Pambuyo pa kulanda
• Malangizo okhalira ndi khunyu
• Phunzitsani abwenzi ndi abale
• Pezani njira zokhalira ndi moyo wapano
• Malangizo ena
• Malangizo posamalira munthu yemwe ali ndi khunyu
• Kodi mungapewe bwanji kugwidwa ndi matendawa?

Kodi kugwidwa ndi chiyani?

Khunyu ndizosintha zamagetsi zamaubongo. Kusintha kumeneku kumatha kubweretsa zodabwitsa, zowonekera, kapena nthawi zina sizikhala ndi zisonyezo konse.

Zizindikiro zakugwidwa kwakukulu zimaphatikizapo kugwedezeka kwamphamvu komanso kulephera kudziletsa. Komabe, kugwidwa pang'ono kungakhalenso chizindikiro cha vuto lalikulu lachipatala, kotero kuzizindikira ndikofunikira.

Chifukwa kugwidwa kwina kumatha kubweretsa kuvulala kapena kukhala chisonyezo chazovuta zamankhwala, ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo ngati mukukumana nacho.

Kodi mitundu ya khunyu ndi iti?

International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) idakhazikitsa zosanjidwa zatsopano mu 2017 zomwe zimafotokoza bwino mitundu yambiri yakugwa. Mitundu ikuluikulu iwiriyi tsopano ikutchedwa kugwidwa koyambilira komanso kugwidwa koyambira.

Kugwidwa koyambirira

Kugwidwa koyambirira komwe kumatchulidwa kuti kugwidwa koyambira pang'ono. Zimapezeka m'dera limodzi laubongo.

Ngati mukudziwa kuti mukumenyedwa, amatchedwa kulanda kozindikira. Ngati simukudziwa kuti kugwidwa kumachitika liti, amadziwika kuti kulandidwa kwadzidzidzi.

Kugwidwa kwanthawi yayitali

Kugwidwa kumeneku kumayambira mbali zonse ziwiri zaubongo nthawi imodzi. Zina mwazofala kwambiri za kugwidwa koyambirira ndi tonic-clonic, kusowa, ndi atonic.

• Tonic-clonic: Izi zimadziwikanso kuti kugwidwa kwakukulu. "Tonic" amatanthauza kuuma kwa minofu. "Clonic" amatanthauza kusunthika kwamiyendo ndi miyendo pakakomokere. Mutha kutaya chidziwitso pakamenyedwe kameneka kangakhale kwa mphindi zochepa.
• Kulibe: Zomwe zimatchedwanso kuti petit-mal khunyu, zimatenga masekondi ochepa. Zitha kukupangitsani kuphethira mobwerezabwereza kapena kuyang'ana mlengalenga. Anthu ena angaganize molakwika kuti ukulota ukukulota.
• Zomveka: Pakugwidwa kumeneku, komwe kumatchedwanso kuti dontho, minofu yanu imangoyenda mwadzidzidzi. Mutu wanu ungagwedezeke kapena thupi lanu lonse lingagwere pansi. Kugonjetsedwa kwa Atonic ndi kwakanthawi, kumatenga pafupifupi masekondi 15.

Kugwidwa kosadziwika koyamba

Nthawi zina palibe amene amawona kuyamba kwa kulanda. Mwachitsanzo, wina akhoza kudzuka pakati pausiku ndikuwona mnzake akukomoka. Izi zimatchedwa kugwidwa kosadziwika koyamba. Sanasanjidwe chifukwa chosadziwa zambiri za momwe adayambira.

Kodi zizindikiro za kugwidwa ndi ziti?

Mutha kukumana ndi zodwalitsa nthawi zonse, kapena chimodzi chitha kuchitika chimzake chisanachitike. Zizindikirozi zimatha kulikonse kuyambira masekondi angapo mpaka mphindi 15 pachimake.

Nthawi zina, zizindikiro zimayamba kulanda kusanachitike. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• kumva mwadzidzidzi wamantha kapena kuda nkhawa
• kumva kudwala mpaka kumimba
• chizungulire
• kusintha masomphenya
• kusuntha kwa mikono ndi miyendo komwe kungakupangitseni kugwetsa zinthu
• kutengeka kwa thupi
• mutu

Zizindikiro zomwe zikusonyeza kuti kugwidwa kukuchitika zikuphatikizapo:

• kutaya chidziwitso, kutsatiridwa ndi chisokonezo
• kukhala ndi mitsempha yosalamulirika
• kutsetsereka kapena kufinya pakamwa
• kugwa
• wokhala ndi kulawa kwachilendo m'kamwa mwako
• kukukuta mano
• kuluma lilime lako
• kusuntha mwadzidzidzi, mofulumira
• kupanga mapokoso achilendo, monga kudandaula
• kutaya chikhodzodzo kapena ntchito yamatumbo
• kukhala ndi zosintha mwadzidzidzi

Nchiyani chimayambitsa khunyu?

Kugwidwa kumatha kubwera chifukwa cha matenda angapo. Chilichonse chomwe chimakhudza thupi chimasokonezanso ubongo ndikupangitsa kulanda. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:

• kusiya mowa
• matenda aubongo, monga meninjaitisi
• kuvulala kwaubongo panthawi yobereka
• vuto laubongo lomwe limakhalapo pobadwa
• kutsamwa
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Kuchotsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• kusalinganika kwa electrolyte
• magetsi
• khunyu
• kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi
• malungo
• kupwetekedwa mutu
• impso kapena chiwindi kulephera
• shuga wambiri wamagazi
• sitiroko
• chotupa muubongo
• zovuta zazing'ono muubongo

Kugwidwa kumatha kuyenda m'mabanja. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati inu kapena aliyense m'banja lanu ali ndi mbiri yakugwidwa. Nthawi zina, makamaka ndi ana aang'ono, chomwe chimayambitsa kulanda sichingadziwike.

Kodi zotsatira za kugwidwa ndi chiyani?

Ngati simulandira chithandizo cha khunyu, zizindikiro zawo zimatha kukulirakulira ndikumatalikiranso kwakanthawi. Kugwidwa kwakutali kwambiri kumatha kubweretsa kukomoka kapena kufa.

Kugwidwa kungayambitsenso kuvulala, monga kugwa kapena kupwetekedwa thupi. Ndikofunika kuvala chibangili chodziwika chachipatala chomwe chimauza omwe akuyankha mwadzidzidzi kuti uli ndi khunyu.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji?

Madokotala amatha kukhala ndi nthawi yovuta kuzindikira mitundu yolanda. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni mayesero ena kuti azindikire kugwidwa molondola ndikuthandizira kuti chithandizo chomwe angakupatseni chizikhala chothandiza.

Dokotala wanu adzawona mbiri yanu yonse yazachipatala ndi zomwe zidatengera kugwidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mikhalidwe monga mutu waching'alang'ala, kusowa tulo, komanso kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe zimatha kubweretsa zizindikilo zofananira.

Mayeso a labu atha kuthandiza dokotala kuti athetse zina zomwe zingayambitse ntchito yofananira. Mayesowa atha kuphatikiza:

• kuyezetsa magazi kuti muwone ngati pali kusamvana kwa ma electrolyte
• kachilombo ka msana kuti athetse matenda
• kuyezetsa poizoni poyesa mankhwala, ziphe, kapena poizoni

Electroencephalogram (EEG) itha kuthandiza dokotala kuti azindikire kuti walanda. Mayesowa amayesa mafunde anu aubongo. Kuwona mafunde aubongo panthawi yolanda kumatha kuthandiza dokotala kuti azindikire mtundu wa kulanda.

Kujambula zojambula monga CT scan kapena MRI scan kungathandizenso popereka chithunzi chokwanira chaubongo. Zoyesazi zimalola dokotala wanu kuwona zovuta monga kutsekeka kwa magazi kapena chotupa.

Kodi khunyu amalandira bwanji?

Chithandizo cha kugwidwa chimadalira chifukwa. Pochiza chomwe chimayambitsa kugwidwa, mutha kupewetsa kugwa kwamtsogolo kuchitika. Chithandizo cha khunyu chifukwa cha khunyu ndi awa:

• mankhwala
• opaleshoni kuti athetse zovuta zamubongo
• kukondoweza kwa mitsempha
• chakudya chapadera, chotchedwa ketogenic

Ndi chithandizo chanthawi zonse, mutha kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kuyimilira.

Kodi mumathandiza bwanji munthu amene wakomoka?

Chotsani malo ozungulira munthu yemwe akugwidwa kuti athetse kuvulala komwe kungachitike. Ngati ndi kotheka, ayikeni mbali yawo ndikuwapatsa mutu wawo.

Khalani ndi munthuyo, ndipo itanani 911 posachedwa ngati izi zingagwiritsidwe:

• Kulanda kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa mphindi zitatu.
• Samadzuka pambuyo pogwidwa
• Amakumana ndi khunyu mobwerezabwereza.
• Kulanda kumachitika mwa wina amene ali ndi pakati.
• Kulanda kumachitika mwa munthu amene sanalandirepo khunyu.

Ndikofunika kukhala wodekha. Ngakhale palibe njira yoti mungaletse kulanda akangoyamba, mutha kupereka thandizo. Izi ndi zomwe American Academy of Neurology imalimbikitsa:

• Mukangoyamba kuzindikira zizindikiro za kugwidwa, tsatirani nthawi. Khunyu zambiri zimatenga mphindi imodzi kapena ziwiri. Ngati munthuyo ali ndi khunyu ndipo watenga nthawi yayitali kuposa mphindi zitatu, itanani 911.
• Ngati munthu amene walandirayo waimirira, mutha kumuletsa kuti asagwe kapena kudzivulaza powakumbatira kapena kuwatsogoza pansi.
• Onetsetsani kuti ali kutali ndi mipando kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingawagwere kapena kuvulaza.
• Ngati munthu amene wakomayo ali pansi, yesetsani kuwaika pambali pake kuti malovu kapena masanzi atuluke mkamwa mwawo m'malo mopumira mphepo yawo.
• Osayika chilichonse pakamwa pa munthuyo.
• Musayese kuwagwira pomwe akugwidwa.

Pambuyo pa kulanda

Pomwe kulanda kwatha, nazi zomwe muyenera kuchita:

• Fufuzani munthuyo ngati alibe kuvulala.
• Ngati simukanatha kutembenuzira munthuyo kumbali yawo panthawi yolanda, chitani choncho pamene kulanda kwatha.
• Gwiritsani ntchito chala chanu kutsuka mkamwa kapena malovu akusanza ngati akuvutika kupuma, ndi kumasula zovala zolimba m'khosi ndi m'manja.
• Khalani nawo kufikira atadzuka bwino ndikukhala tcheru.
• Apatseni malo abwino oti akapumulako.
• Osawapatsa chilichonse choti adye kapena kumwa mpaka atazindikira bwino ndikuwazungulira.
• Afunseni kumene ali, ali ndani, ndipo ndi tsiku liti. Zingatenge mphindi zingapo kuti mukhale atcheru kwathunthu ndikutha kuyankha mafunso anu.

Malangizo okhalira ndi khunyu

Kungakhale kovuta kukhala ndi khunyu. Koma ngati muli ndi chithandizo choyenera, ndizotheka kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wathanzi.

Phunzitsani abwenzi ndi abale

Phunzitsani abwenzi anu ndi abale anu zambiri za khunyu ndi momwe angakusamalirireni pomwe kugwidwa kukuchitika.

Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga njira zochepetsera kuvulaza monga kuphimba mutu wanu, kumasula zovala zolimba, ndikukutembenuzani kumbali yanu ngati kusanza kumachitika.

Pezani njira zokhalira ndi moyo wapano

Pitirizani ntchito zanu zachizolowezi ngati zingatheke, ndikupeza njira zogwirira ntchito khunyu kuti musunge moyo wanu.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati simukuloledwanso kuyendetsa galimoto chifukwa cha matenda a khunyu, mungasankhe kusamukira kudera lomwe limatha kuyenda kapena muli ndi mayendedwe abwino pagulu kapena mugwiritse ntchito zogawana kuti mukhoze kuyendabe.

Malangizo ena

• Pezani dokotala wabwino yemwe amakupangitsani kukhala omasuka.
• Yesani njira zopumulira monga yoga, kusinkhasinkha, tai chi, kapena kupuma kwambiri.
• Pezani gulu lothandizira khunyu. Mutha kupeza yakomweko poyang'ana pa intaneti kapena kufunsa dokotala kuti akuthandizeni.

Malangizo posamalira munthu yemwe ali ndi khunyu

Ngati mukukhala ndi munthu wodwala khunyu, pali zinthu zina zomwe mungachite kuti mumuthandize:

• Dziwani za momwe aliri.
• Lembani mndandanda wamankhwala awo, maimidwe a madokotala, ndi zina zofunikira pazachipatala.
• Lankhulani ndi munthuyo za matenda ake komanso zomwe akufuna kuti mumuthandize.

Ngati mukufuna thandizo, pitani kuchipatala kapena gulu lothandizira khunyu. Epilepsy Foundation ndi chinthu china chothandiza.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji kugwidwa ndi matendawa?

Nthawi zambiri, kulanda sikungapeweke. Komabe, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kumatha kukupatsani mwayi wabwino wochepetsera chiopsezo chanu. Mutha kuchita izi:

• Muzigona mokwanira.
• Idyani chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndikukhala wathanzi.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Gwiritsani ntchito njira zochepetsera nkhawa.
• Pewani kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a khunyu kapena matenda ena, tengani momwe dokotala akuvomerezera.