Osalimbana Nazo: Chifukwa Chake Chifuwa Chachikulu Chimafunikira Chisamaliro Chowonjezera

Zamkati

• Kodi mphumu ndi chiyani?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa mphumu yoopsa?
• Nthawi yoyenera kupita kuchipatala
• Zovuta za mphumu yoopsa
• Momwe mungachiritse mphumu yoopsa

Kodi mphumu ndi chiyani?

Mphumu ndi matenda omwe amachepetsa kuyenda kwanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupumira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ugwere, ndikupsinjika m'mapapu anu. Zotsatira zake, kumakhala kovuta kupumira.

Mphumu imatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo monga:

• kupuma movutikira
• kupuma - kulira kwa mluzu mukamapuma
• kupuma mofulumira
• kukhosomola

Mphumu ya aliyense ndiyosiyana. Anthu ena amangokhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa. Ena amakumana ndi zovuta pafupipafupi zomwe zimawagwetsera kuchipatala.

Mankhwala a mphumu amapewa matenda ndikuwathandiza akayamba. Komabe pafupifupi 5 mpaka 10 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu sangapeze mpumulo, ngakhale atamwa mankhwala ambiri. Mphumu yomwe singathe kusalamulirika pa mankhwala imawerengedwa kuti ndi yayikulu.

Mphumu yoopsa imatha kuchiritsidwa, koma imafunikira chithandizo ndi chithandizo chomwe chimasiyana ndi cha mphumu yofatsa kapena yochepa. Ndikofunika kulandira chithandizo, chifukwa mphumu yayikulu imatha kubweretsa zovuta ngati simukuyankha.

Pemphani kuti muphunzire nthawi yokaonana ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe amapezeka ndi mphumu yoopsa.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa mphumu yoopsa?

Ngati mwakhala mukumwa mankhwala anu a mphumu monga adokotala ananenera ndipo mukuvutikabe pafupipafupi, mutha kukhala ndi mphumu yoopsa. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe chithandizo chamankhwala cha mphumu sichingakhale chokwanira kuti muchepetse matenda anu.

• Mayendedwe anu apamtunda ndi otupa kotero kuti mankhwala apano samakhala olimba mokwanira kuti achepetse kutupa.
• Mankhwala omwe amayambitsa kutupa m'mapapu anu samayankha mankhwala aliwonse omwe mumamwa.
• Mtundu wa khungu loyera lotchedwa eosinophil umayambitsa mphumu. Mankhwala ambiri a mphumu samalimbitsa mphumu ya eosinophilic.

Kukula kwa mphumu yanu kumatha kusintha pakapita nthawi. Mutha kuyamba ndi mphumu pang'ono kapena pang'ono, koma pamapeto pake imatha kukulira.

Nthawi yoyenera kupita kuchipatala

Inu ndi dokotala muyenera kukhala ndi dongosolo la mphumu. Ndondomekoyi ikufotokoza momwe mungachiritse matenda anu a mphumu komanso zomwe muyenera kutsatira mukayamba kuwonekera. Tsatirani ndondomekoyi nthawi iliyonse mukamadwala mphumu.

Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikusintha ndi chithandizo chamankhwala kapena mukumenyedwa pafupipafupi, itanani dokotala wanu.

Pezani thandizo lachipatala ngati:

• sungathe kupuma
• mwapuma movutikira kuti muyankhule
• kupuma, kutsokomola, ndi zizindikiro zina zikukulirakulira
• Muli ndi zowerengera zochepa pamapulogalamu anu oyenda bwino
• zizindikiro zanu sizikusintha mutagwiritsa ntchito yopulumutsa inhaler

Zovuta za mphumu yoopsa

Pafupipafupi, kuwopsa kwa mphumu kumatha kusintha mapapu anu. Izi zimatchedwa kukonzanso ndege. Ndege zanu zimakhala zokulirapo komanso zopapatiza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma ngakhale simukugwidwa ndi mphumu. Kukonzekera kwa ndege kungapangitsenso kuti mukhale ndi matenda a mphumu pafupipafupi.

Kukhala ndi mphumu yayikulu kwazaka zambiri kungakulitsenso chiopsezo chanu chodwala matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD). Vutoli limaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa mapapo monga emphysema ndi bronchitis. Anthu omwe ali ndi COPD amatsokomola kwambiri, amatulutsa mamina ochulukirapo, ndipo amavutika kupuma.

Momwe mungachiritse mphumu yoopsa

Chithandizo chachikulu cha mphumu ndi mankhwala azolimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku monga choletsa corticosteroid, kuphatikiza mankhwala othandizira mwachangu ("kupulumutsa") monga agonists achidule kuti athetse mphumu zikachitika. Dokotala wanu adzawonjezera mlingo mokwanira kuti athetsere matenda anu. Ngati mphumu yanu siyikulamuliridwa ndi mankhwalawa, chotsatira ndicho kuwonjezera mankhwala ena kapena mankhwala.

Mankhwala a biologic ndi mtundu watsopano wa mankhwala a mphumu omwe amalimbana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda anu. Amagwira ntchito poletsa magwiridwe antchito amthupi omwe amachititsa kuti mayendedwe anu ampweya atuluke. Kutenga biologic kumatha kukulepheretsani kuti mupatsidwe mphumu ndikupangitsa zomwe mumakumana nazo kukhala zofatsa kwambiri.

Mankhwala anayi a biologic amavomerezedwa kuti athetse mphumu yoopsa:

• reslizumab (Cinqair)
• mepolizumab (Nucala)
• omalizumab (Xolair)
• benralizumab (Fasenra)

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseninso chimodzi mwazowonjezera izi za mphumu yoopsa:

• Tiotropium (Spiriva) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza COPD ndikuthandizira kuwononga mphumu.
• Zosintha za Leukotriene, monga montelukast (Singulair) ndi zafirlukast (Cholondola), tsekani mankhwala omwe amachepetsa mpweya wanu mukamakumana ndi mphumu.
• Steroid mapiritsi bweretsani kutupa m'mayendedwe anu.
• Bronchial kutentha ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni yomwe imatsegula njira zanu zopita pandege.

Gwiritsani ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti mupeze mankhwala oyenera kuti muchepetse matenda anu. Mutha kukhala ndi nthawi yomwe mphumu yanu imakulirakulira komanso nthawi yabwino. Khalani ndi chithandizo chanu, ndipo dziwitsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati sigwira ntchito kuti mutha kuyesa china.