Matenda a Sickle Cell

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Kodi sickle cell matenda (SCD) ndi chiyani?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda a sickle cell (SCD)?
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a sickle cell (SCD)?
• Kodi zizindikiro za matenda amzere (SCD) ndi ziti?
• Kodi matenda a sickle cell (SCD) amapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi mankhwala a matenda a sickle cell matenda (SCD) ndi ati?

Chidule

Kodi sickle cell matenda (SCD) ndi chiyani?

Matenda a Sickle cell (SCD) ndi gulu la zovuta zobadwa ndi maselo ofiira amwazi. Ngati muli ndi SCD, pali vuto ndi hemoglobin yanu. Hemoglobin ndi mapuloteni m'maselo ofiira amwazi omwe amanyamula mpweya mthupi lonse. Ndi SCD, hemoglobin imapanga ndodo zolimba mkati mwa maselo ofiira amwazi. Izi zimasintha mawonekedwe a maselo ofiira amwazi. Maselo amayenera kupangidwa ngati ma disc, koma izi zimawasintha kukhala kakhola, kapena chikwakwa.

Maselo owoneka ngati chikwakwa satha kusintha ndipo sangasinthe mawonekedwe mosavuta. Ambiri a iwo amaphulika akamadutsa m'mitsempha yanu yamagazi. Maselo achikopa nthawi zambiri amatha masiku 10 mpaka 20, m'malo mwa masiku 90 mpaka 120. Thupi lanu limatha kukhala ndi vuto lopanga maselo atsopano okwanira m'malo mwa omwe mwataya. Chifukwa cha izi, mwina simungakhale ndi maselo ofiira okwanira. Izi ndi zomwe zimatchedwa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, ndipo zimatha kukupangitsani kutopa.

Maselo owoneka ngati chikwakwa amathanso kumamatira pamakoma azombo, ndikupangitsa kutsekeka komwe kumachedwetsa kapena kuyimitsa magazi. Izi zikachitika, mpweya sungafikire minofu yapafupi. Kuperewera kwa mpweya kumatha kubweretsa zovuta mwadzidzidzi, zopweteka kwambiri, zotchedwa zovuta zamatenda. Kuukira kumeneku kumatha kuchitika popanda chenjezo. Mukalandira, mungafunike kupita kuchipatala kukalandira chithandizo.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda a sickle cell (SCD)?

Chifukwa cha SCD ndi jini losalongosoka, lotchedwa geni ya zenga. Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amabadwa ndi ma jini awiri amtundu wa chikwakwa, chimodzi kuchokera kwa kholo lililonse.

Ngati munabadwa ndi jini imodzi ya chikwakwa, amatchedwa cell sickle. Anthu omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa zenga nthawi zambiri amakhala athanzi, koma amatha kupatsira ana awo chibadwa cholakwika.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a sickle cell (SCD)?

Ku United States, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi SCD ndi African American:

• Pafupifupi mwana m'modzi mwa 13 amwana aku America amabadwa ali ndi vuto lankhondo
• Pafupifupi mwana m'modzi mwa ana 365 akuda amabadwa ndi matenda a zenga

SCD imakhudzanso anthu ena ochokera ku Puerto Rico, kumwera kwa Europe, Middle East, kapena aku India aku Asia.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda amzere (SCD) ndi ziti?

Anthu omwe ali ndi SCD amayamba kukhala ndi zizindikilo za matendawa mchaka choyamba cha moyo wawo, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi miyezi isanu. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za SCD zitha kuphatikizira

• Kutupa kowawa kwa manja ndi mapazi
• Kutopa kapena kukangana chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi
• Mtundu wachikasu wa khungu (jaundice) kapena azungu amaso (icterus)

Zotsatira za SCD zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi munthu ndipo zimatha kusintha pakapita nthawi. Zizindikiro zambiri za SCD zimakhudzana ndi zovuta zamatendawo. Zitha kuphatikizira kupweteka kwambiri, kuchepa magazi m'thupi, kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo, ndi matenda.

Kodi matenda a sickle cell (SCD) amapezeka bwanji?

Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuwonetsa ngati muli ndi SCD kapena cell cell. Mayiko onse tsopano amayesa ana ongobadwa kumene ngati gawo limodzi la mapulogalamu awo owunikira, kotero chithandizo chitha kuyamba msanga.

Anthu omwe akuganiza zokhala ndi ana atha kukhala ndi mayeso kuti apeze mwayi woti ana awo akhale ndi SCD.

Madokotala amathanso kudziwa matenda a SCD mwana asanabadwe. Chiyesocho chimagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa amniotic fluid (madzi omwe ali m'thumba lozungulira mwana) kapena minofu yotengedwa kuchokera ku placenta (chiwalo chomwe chimabweretsa mpweya ndi michere kwa mwana).

Kodi mankhwala a matenda a sickle cell matenda (SCD) ndi ati?

Chithandizo chokha cha SCD ndi mafupa kapena kupatsira ma cell. Chifukwa kusintha kumeneku kumakhala kowopsa ndipo kumatha kukhala ndi zovuta zoyipa, nthawi zambiri kumangogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana omwe ali ndi SCD yoopsa. Kuti kumuika kuti kugwire ntchito, mafupa ayenera kukhala ofanana. Nthawi zambiri, wopereka wabwino kwambiri amakhala m'bale kapena mlongo.

Pali mankhwala omwe angathandize kuthetsa zizindikiro, kuchepetsa mavuto, ndi kupitiriza moyo:

• Maantibayotiki kuyesa kupewa matenda mwa ana aang'ono
• Kupweteka kumachepetsa kupweteka kwakukulu kapena kosatha
• Hydroxyurea, mankhwala omwe awonetsedwa kuti amachepetsa kapena kupewa zovuta zingapo za SCD. Amawonjezera hemoglobin wa fetus m'magazi. Mankhwalawa siabwino kwa aliyense; lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati muyenera kumwa. Mankhwalawa sali otetezeka panthawi yoyembekezera.
• Katemera waubwana wopewera matenda
• Kuikidwa magazi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Ngati mwakhala ndi zovuta zina, monga sitiroko, mutha kuthiridwa magazi kuti mupewe zovuta zina.

Pali mankhwala ena azovuta zina.

Kuti mukhale wathanzi momwe mungathere, onetsetsani kuti mumalandira chithandizo chamankhwala pafupipafupi, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, komanso kupewa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse mavuto.

NIH: National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute

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