Zizindikiro zazikulu za khansa ya pachibelekero

Zamkati

• Zomwe mungachite ngati mukukayikira
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa
• Gawo la khansa ya pachibelekero
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• 1. Kubereka
• 2. Kutsekula m'mimba
• 3. Kuchepetsa njerwa
• 4. Kukwiya kwam'mimba
• 5. Radiotherapy ndi Chemotherapy

Nthawi zambiri sipakhala zisonyezo zoyambirira za khansa ya pachibelekero, pomwe milandu yambiri imadziwika pa Pap smear kapena m'magawo apamwamba kwambiri a khansa. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pakudziwa zizindikiro za khansa ya pachibelekero, chofunikira kwambiri ndikufunsa pafupipafupi azachipatala kuti apange smear ya pap ndi kuyamba kuchiza msanga, ngati akuwonetsa.

Komabe, ikayambitsa zizindikiro, khansa ya pachibelekero imatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo monga:

1. Kutaya magazi kumaliseche popanda chifukwa zowonekera komanso zosamba;
2. Kusintha kwa ukazi, ndi fungo loipa kapena mtundu wa bulauni, mwachitsanzo;
3. Nthawi zonse m'mimba kapena m'chiuno, zomwe zimaipiraipira mukamagwiritsa ntchito bafa kapena mukamayandikana kwambiri;
4. Kumva kukakamizidwapansi pamimba;
5. Kulimbikitsidwa pafupipafupi kukodza, ngakhale usiku;
6. Kutaya thupi mwachangu osakhala pachakudya.

M'mavuto ovuta kwambiri, momwe mayi adakwanira khansa ya pachibelekero, zisonyezo zina zitha kuwonekeranso, monga kutopa kwambiri, kupweteka ndi kutupa miyendo, komanso kutayika kwamkodzo kapena ndowe.

Zizindikirozi zimatha kubweretsanso mavuto ena, monga candidiasis kapena matenda anyini, ndipo mwina sangakhale okhudzana ndi khansa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti mukafunse azachipatala kuti adziwe bwino za matendawa. Onani zizindikiro 7 zomwe zitha kuwonetsa zovuta zina m'chiberekero.

Zomwe mungachite ngati mukukayikira

Pomwe chimodzi mwazizindikirozi chikuwonekera, ndibwino kuti mupite kwa mayi wazachipatala kukayezetsa matenda monga pap smears kapenacolposcopy ndi biopsy minofu ya chiberekero ndikuwona ngati pali maselo a khansa. Dziwani zambiri za momwe mayeso amachitikira.

Pap smear iyenera kuchitidwa chaka chilichonse kwa zaka 3 zotsatizana. Ngati palibe kusintha, mayeso amangoyenera kuchitika zaka zitatu zilizonse.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa

Khansa ya chiberekero imafala kwambiri mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi:

• Matenda opatsirana pogonana, monga mauka kapena chinzonono;
• Matenda a HPV;
• Ogonana angapo.

Kuphatikiza apo, azimayi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera zam'kamwa kwa zaka zambiri amakhalanso ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa, ndipo nthawi yayitali ikamagwiritsa ntchito, chiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa.

Gawo la khansa ya pachibelekero

Atazindikira, dotolo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi khansa ya pachibelekero malinga ndi gawo lake la chitukuko:

• Tx:Chotupa choyambirira sichidziwika;
• T0: Palibe umboni wa chotupa choyambirira;
• Tis kapena 0: Carcinoma mu situ.

Gawo 1:

• T1 kapena ine: Khomo lachiberekero carcinoma yekha mu chiberekero;
• T1 a kapena IA: Wowopsa carcinoma, wopezeka kokha ndi microscopy;
• T1 a1 kapena IA1: Kuukira kwa Stromal mpaka 3 mm kuya kapena mpaka 7 mm mopingasa;
• T1 a2 kapena IA2: Kulowa mwamphamvu pakati pa 3 ndi 5 mm kuya kapena mpaka 7 mm mopingasa;
• T1b kapena IB: Zilonda zooneka bwino, kokha pa khomo pachibelekeropo, kapena zotupa zazing'ono kwambiri kuposa T1a2 kapena IA2;
• T1b1 kapena IB1: Zilonda zooneka bwino zomwe zimakhala ndi 4 cm kapena kuchepera kukula kwake;
• T1b2 IB2: Zilonda zooneka bwino kuposa 4 cm.

Gawo 2:

• T2 kapena II: Chotupa chimapezeka mkati ndi kunja kwa chiberekero, koma sichifika pakhosi kapena m'mbali yachitatu yamaliseche;
• T2a kapena IIA:Popanda kulanda parametrium;
• T2b kapena IIB: Ndikulowerera kwa parametrium.

Gawo 3:

• T3 kapena III:Chotupa chomwe chimafikira kukhoma la m'chiuno, chimachepetsa kumunsi kwa nyini, kapena chimayambitsa kusintha kwa impso;
• T3a kapena IIIA:Chotupa chomwe chimakhudza gawo lachitatu la nyini, popanda kutambasula kukhoma lakumimba;
• T3b kapena IIIB: Chotupa chomwe chimafikira kukhoma la m'chiuno, kapena chimayambitsa kusintha kwa impso

Gawo 4:

• T4 kapena VAT: Chotupa chomwe chimalowetsa chikhodzodzo kapena thumbo la mucosa, kapena chomwe chimapitirira mafupa a chiuno.

Kuphatikiza pa kudziwa mtundu wa khansa ya pachibelekero yomwe mayi ali nayo, ndikofunikanso kudziwa ngati pali zotupa zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi metastases kapena ayi, chifukwa zimathandiza kudziwa mtundu wamankhwala omwe mayiyo ayenera kuchita.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha khansa ya pachibelekero chimatengera gawo lomwe chotupacho chilipo, kaya pali metastases ya matendawa, msinkhu komanso thanzi la mayiyo.

Njira zazikulu zothandizira ndi monga:

1. Kubereka

Conization imakhala ndi kuchotsedwa kwa gawo laling'ono laling'ono la khomo lachiberekero. Ngakhale ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito posanthula komanso kutsimikizira kuti khansa yapezeka, conization imatha kuonedwa ngati njira yothandizirana ndi HSIL, yomwe ndi yotupa kwambiri, yomwe sinatchulidwebe khansa, koma akhoza kusintha kukhala khansa. Onani momwe chiberekero chimakhalira.

2. Kutsekula m'mimba

Hysterectomy ndiye mtundu waukulu wa opareshoni omwe akuwonetsedwa pochiza khansa ya pachibelekero, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito koyambirira kapena kupitilira apo ndipo yomwe imachitika m'njira izi:

• Chiwombankhanga chonse: amachotsa chiberekero ndi khomo pachibelekeropo kokha ndipo amatha kuchita izi podula pamimba, ndi laparoscopy kapena kudzera mumtsinje wamaliseche. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya pachibelekero mu gawo IA1 kapena gawo 0.
• Wopanga hysterectomy: Kuphatikiza pa chiberekero ndi khomo pachibelekeropo, gawo lakumtunda la nyini ndi ziwalo zozungulira, zomwe zingakhudzidwe ndi khansa, zimachotsedwanso. Mwambiri, opaleshoniyi imalimbikitsidwa pamatenda a khansa m'magawo IA2 ndi IB, omwe amangochitidwa pocheka pamimba.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mu mitundu yonse ya hysterectomy thumba losunga mazira ndi machubu zimachotsedwa ngati zakhudzidwanso ndi khansa kapena ngati ali ndi mavuto ena. Onani mitundu ya hysterectomy ndi chisamaliro pambuyo pa opaleshoni.

3. Kuchepetsa njerwa

Trachelectomy ndi mtundu wina wa opareshoni womwe umachotsa khomo lachiberekero lokha komanso gawo lachitatu lakumaliseche, kusiya thupi la chiberekero likhala bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa mayi kuti akhalebe ndi pakati atalandira chithandizo.

Nthawi zambiri, opaleshoniyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati khansa ya pachibelekero imapezeka msanga ndipo, chifukwa chake, sinakhudze ziwalo zina.

4. Kukwiya kwam'mimba

Kukwiya kwa m'mimba ndi opaleshoni yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imatha kuwonetsedwa pomwe khansa imabwerera ndikukhudza madera ena. Pochita opaleshoniyi, chiberekero, khomo pachibelekeropo, ganglia ya m'chiuno zachotsedwa, ndipo kungafunikirenso kuchotsa ziwalo zina monga mazira, machubu, nyini, chikhodzodzo ndi gawo lina lakumapeto kwa matumbo.

5. Radiotherapy ndi Chemotherapy

Chithandizo cha radiotherapy kapena chemotherapy chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kale komanso pambuyo pochita opaleshoni, kuthandiza kuthana ndi khansa, makamaka ikakhala kuti yapita patsogolo kapena pakakhala zotupa.