Khansa yapakamwa: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Zomwe zingayambitse khansa yapakamwa
• Momwe mungapewere khansa yapakamwa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Khansa yapakamwa ndi mtundu wa chotupa choyipa, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimapezeka ndi dokotala wa mano, chomwe chimatha kupezeka pakamwa kalikonse, kuchokera pamilomo, lilime, masaya komanso ngakhale m'kamwa. Khansara yamtunduwu imafala kwambiri pambuyo pa zaka 50, koma imatha kuoneka nthawi iliyonse, ikamakhala pafupipafupi mwa osuta komanso anthu opanda ukhondo wam'kamwa.

Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri zimaphatikizapo kuwonekera kwa zilonda kapena zilonda zam'mimba zomwe zimatenga nthawi kuti zichiritsidwe, koma kupweteka kozungulira dzino komanso kupumira pakamwa kosalekeza kungakhalenso zizindikiro zochenjeza.

Pomwe pali kukayikira za khansa pakamwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kukaonana ndi dokotala kapena dokotala wa mano, kuti mutsimikizire matendawa ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo mwachangu, ndikuwonjezera mwayi woti muchiritsidwe.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za khansa yapakamwa zimawoneka mwakachetechete ndipo, chifukwa chakuti palibe ululu, munthuyo amatha kutenga nthawi yayitali kuti akalandire chithandizo, matenda omwe amapezeka, nthawi zambiri, ali patsogolo kwambiri.Zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti khansa yapakamwa imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa matendawa, zizindikiro zoyambirira kukhala:

• Zilonda kapena thrush mu M'mimbamo m'kamwa kuti sachiza mu masiku 15;
• Mawanga ofiira kapena oyera pakamwa, lilime, milomo, pakhosi kapena pakamwa;
• Zilonda zazing'ono zomwe sizikupweteka ndipo mwina sizingatuluke magazi;
• Kupsa mtima, kupweteka pakhosi kapena kumva kuti china chake chakakamira pakhosi.

Komabe, pang'onopang'ono, zizindikirazo zimapita ku:

• Zovuta kapena zowawa polankhula, kutafuna ndi kumeza;
• Ziphuphu m'khosi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi;
• Kupweteka kozungulira mano, komwe kumatha kugwa mosavuta;
• Kulimbana ndi mpweya woipa;
• Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi.

Ngati zizindikilo za khansa yapakamwa zikupitilira kwamasabata opitilira 2, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufunsane ndi dokotala kapena dokotala kuti awone vutoli, kuchita mayeso oyenera ndikuwunika matenda, kuyambitsa chithandizo choyenera.

Khansa yapakamwa imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha zizolowezi za munthuyo, monga kusuta ndi kumwa mopitirira muyeso, kuwonjezera apo, matenda a kachilombo ka HPV amatha kubweretsa kuwonetseredwa pakamwa, kukulitsa mwayi wopezeka ndi khansa yapakamwa. Kudya mavitamini ndi michere komanso kukhala padzuwa nthawi yayitali kungathandizenso kupezeka kwa khansa yapakamwa.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Nthawi zambiri, adotolo amatha kuzindikira zotupa za khansa pongoyang'ana pakamwa, komabe, ndizodziwika kuti kuyitanitsa kachidutswa kakang'ono ka chotupacho kuti mudziwe ngati pali maselo a khansa.

Ngati ma cell a chotupa apezeka, adokotala amathanso kuyitanitsa CT scan kuti awone kukula kwa matendawa ndikuzindikira ngati pali masamba ena okhudzidwa, kuphatikiza pakamwa. Dziwani mayesero omwe amadziwika ndi khansa.

Zomwe zingayambitse khansa yapakamwa

Khansa yapakamwa imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zina monga ndudu, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro, ndudu kapena ngakhale kutafuna fodya, chifukwa utsi uli ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa khansa, monga phula, benzopyrenes ndi amino onunkhira. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha m'kamwa kumathandizira kukwiya kwam'mimbamo yam'kamwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izi zidziwike kwambiri.

Kuchuluka kwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa kumayanjananso ndi khansa yapakamwa, ngakhale sizikudziwika chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli, zimadziwika kuti mowa umathandizira kulowa kwa zotsalira za ethanol, monga aldehydes, kudzera mucosa ya mkamwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwama cell.

Kutuluka kwa dzuwa pamilomo, popanda chitetezo choyenera, monga milomo kapena mankhwala oteteza dzuwa, ndichimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa khansa pamilomo, yomwe imakonda ku Brazil, ndipo imakhudza makamaka chilungamo- anthu akhungu, omwe amagwira ntchito padzuwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, kufala kwa kachilombo ka HPV mkamwa kumawonekeranso kuti kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa yapakamwa, chifukwa chake kuteteza ku kachilomboka ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu ngakhale mutagonana mkamwa.

Kukhala ndi ukhondo wam'kamwa kosavuta komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma prostheses amano omwe sanasinthidwe bwino ndi zina mwazomwe zimathandizira kukulitsa khansa mkamwa, koma pang'ono.

Momwe mungapewere khansa yapakamwa

Pofuna kupewa khansa yapakamwa tikulimbikitsidwa kupewa zoopsa zonse, komanso kukhala ndi ukhondo wabwino pakamwa. Pachifukwa ichi ndikofunikira:

• Sambani mano anu kawiri patsiku, ndi mswachi ndi mankhwala otsukira mano;
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi, monga zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba ndi chimanga, kupewa kudya nyama ndi zakudya zopangidwa tsiku ndi tsiku;
• Gwiritsani ntchito kondomu pazochitika zonse zogonana, ngakhale kugonana mkamwa, kupewa zodetsa ndi HPV;
• Osasuta ndipo musakhale pachiwopsezo cha utsi wa ndudu;
• Imwani zakumwa zoledzeretsa pang'ono;
• Gwiritsani ntchito lipstick kapena mankhwala amilomo okhala ndi zoteteza ku dzuwa, makamaka ngati mumagwira ntchito padzuwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tithandizire posintha mano, ndikutsatira malangizo onse a dotolo wamankhwala, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti musagwiritse ntchito mano ena a munthu kapena chida cham'manja, chifukwa zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta, kunyengerera mucosa wam'kamwa, kuthandizira kulowa kwa zinthu zovulaza.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha khansa yapakamwa chitha kuchitika kudzera mu opaleshoni kuchotsa chotupacho, radiotherapy kapena chemotherapy. Chisankho cha mankhwala abwino chimapangidwa molingana ndi komwe kuli chotupacho, kuuma kwake komanso ngati khansara yafalikira kapena ayi mbali zina za thupi. Dziwani zambiri za momwe khansa yamtunduwu imathandizidwira.