Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Khansa Yapakhungu Pamutu

Zamkati

• Mitundu ya khansa yapakhungu yakumutu
• Basal cell carcinoma
• Squamous cell carcinoma
• Khansa ya pakhungu
• Mungadziwe bwanji ngati ndi khansa?
• Basal cell carcinoma
• Squamous cell carcinoma
• Khansa ya pakhungu
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa khansa kupanga pamutu panu?
• Kodi mungapewe khansa pamutu?
• Kodi khansa ya pamutu imapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi khansa pamutu imachiritsidwa bwanji?
• Kodi anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yapamutu amawaona bwanji?
• Basal cell carcinoma
• Squamous cell carcinoma
• Khansa ya pakhungu
• Mfundo yofunika

Khansa yapakhungu ndiyo khansa yodziwika kwambiri ndipo imatha kupezeka paliponse pakhungu lanu. Ndizofala kwambiri kumadera omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala padzuwa, ndipo khungu lako ndi amodzi. Pafupifupi 13 peresenti ya khansa yapakhungu ili pamutu.

Khansa yapakhungu imatha kukhala yovuta kuwona pamutu panu, koma musaiwale kuyang'ana mutu wanu mukamayang'ana thupi lanu lonse kuti likukula. Ndipo ngati mumakhala nthawi yayitali panja, muyenera kuwunika khungu lanu ndi thupi lanu lonse pafupipafupi.

Mitundu ya khansa yapakhungu yakumutu

Pali mitundu itatu ya khansa yapakhungu, yonse yomwe imatha kupezeka pamutu panu. Mitundu yonse ya khansa yapakhungu pamutu imapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna.

Basal cell carcinoma

Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa yapakhungu, basal cell carcinoma imafala kwambiri pamutu ndi m'khosi kusiyana ndi ziwalo zina za thupi. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2018, basal cell carcinomas pa scalp account ya pakati pa 2 ndi 18 peresenti ya basal cell carcinomas.

Squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma ndi mtundu wachiwiri wofala kwambiri wa khansa yapakhungu. Ndizofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu loyera komanso madera akhungu owonekera kwambiri padzuwa, kuphatikiza pamutu. Squamous cell carcinomas pa scalp amawerengera pakati pa 3 ndi 8 peresenti ya squamous cell carcinomas.

Khansa ya pakhungu

Khansa yapakhungu yowopsa kwambiri komanso yosowa kwambiri, khansa ya khansa nthawi zambiri imayamba mu mole kapena khungu lina. Scalp melanomas account pafupifupi 3 mpaka 5% ya melanomas onse.

Mungadziwe bwanji ngati ndi khansa?

Zizindikiro za khansara pakhungu lanu zimadalira mtundu wa khansa yapakhungu.

Basal cell carcinoma

Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

• khungu lopaka thupi, lopaka pakhungu lanu
• chotupa chosalala pakhungu lanu
• chilonda chomwe chimapitirizabe kuchira ndikubwerera

Squamous cell carcinoma

• khungu lolimba, lofiira pakhungu lanu
• chigamba chokhwimitsa kapena chosalimba pakhungu lako

Khansa ya pakhungu

• malo akulu abulauni pakhungu lanu omwe angawoneke ngati mole
• mole yomwe imasintha kukula, mtundu, kapena kutuluka magazi
• Kumbukirani "ABCDE":
  • Akufanana: Kodi mbali ziwiri za mole yanu ndizosiyana?
  • Bdongosolo: Kodi malire ndi osakhazikika kapena osongoka?
  • C.olor: Kodi mole ndi mtundu umodzi kapena mitundu yonse? Khansa ya khansa ikhoza kukhala yakuda, yofiirira, yofiirira, yoyera, yofiira, yabuluu, kapena kuphatikiza chilichonse.
  • DKukula: Kodi mole yapitilira 6mm? Izi ndizofala pa khansa ya khansa, koma imatha kukhala yaying'ono.
  • Evolving: Kodi mwawona kusintha kwa mole pakapita nthawi, monga kukula, mawonekedwe, kapena utoto?

Nchiyani chimayambitsa khansa kupanga pamutu panu?

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha mitundu yonse ya khansa yapakhungu ndikutuluka padzuwa. Khungu lako ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo za thupi lako lomwe limawonekera kwambiri padzuwa, makamaka ngati uli ndi dazi kapena tsitsi lopyapyala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi amodzi mwa malo ofala kwambiri a khansa yapakhungu.

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa khansa yapakhungu pamutu panu ndikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kama wofufuta khungu komanso kukhala ndi mankhwala a radiation kumutu kapena m'khosi mwanu.

Kodi mungapewe khansa pamutu?

Njira yabwino yopewera khansa yapakhungu pakhungu lanu ndikuteteza khungu lanu mukalowa padzuwa:

• Valani chipewa kapena chophimba kumutu ngati kuli kotheka.
• Dulani mafuta oteteza khungu lanu kumutu kwanu.

Njira zina zotetezera khansa yapakhungu pakhungu lanu ndi:

• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito kama.
• Chepetsani nthawi yanu padzuwa.
• Onetsetsani khungu lanu pafupipafupi kuti muwone komwe mungakhale ndi khansa koyambirira. Izi zitha kuthandiza kuthana ndi zotupa zotsogola kuti zisasanduke khansa kapena kuyimitsa khansa yapakhungu kufalikira. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito galasi kuti muyang'ane kumbuyo ndi pamwamba pamutu mwanu bwino.

Kodi khansa ya pamutu imapezeka bwanji?

Mutha kupita kwa dokotala mukawona malo okayikira pamutu panu, kapena dokotala angawone pakayang'ana khungu. Ngakhale malowa atapezeka bwanji, matenda a khansa yapakhungu adzachitika chimodzimodzi.

Choyamba, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani za mbiri ya banja lanu la khansa, ngati mumakhala nthawi yayitali padzuwa, gwiritsani ntchito chitetezo padzuwa, komanso ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito mabedi osamba. Ngati mwawona chotupacho, dokotala wanu akhoza kufunsa ngati mwawona kusintha kulikonse pakapita nthawi kapena ngati kukula kwatsopano.

Kenako dokotala adzakuyesani khungu kuti muwone bwino chotupacho ndikuwona ngati mukufuna kuyesedwa kwina. Awona kukula kwake, mtundu, mawonekedwe, ndi zina.

Ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti mwina ndi khansa yapakhungu pamutu panu, atenga kachilombo, kapena kakang'ono kakang'ono, kakukula kuti akayesedwe. Kuyesaku kumatha kuuza dokotala ngati muli ndi khansa, ndipo ngati muli nayo, ndi mtundu wanji. Chidziwitso chokwanira chikhoza kukhala chokwanira kuchotsa khansa yaying'ono, makamaka basal cell carcinoma.

Ngati malowa ali ndi khansa koma osati basal cell carcinoma, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuyesa kwina kuti muwone ngati wafalikira. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuyerekezera kwa ma lymph node m'mutu mwanu ndi m'khosi.

Kodi khansa pamutu imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha khansa yapakhungu pakhungu lanu ndi awa:

• Opaleshoni. Dokotala wanu amachotsa kukula kwa khansa komanso khungu lina lozungulira, kuti atsimikizire kuti achotsa maselo onse a khansa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala chithandizo choyamba cha khansa ya khansa. Pambuyo pa opareshoni, mungafunenso opaleshoni yomangidwanso, monga kumangiriza khungu.
• Mohs opaleshoni. Opaleshoni yamtunduwu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa yayikulu, yobwereza, kapena yovuta kuchiza khansa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupulumutsa khungu lonse momwe zingathere. Pochita opaleshoni ya Mohs, dokotala wanu amachotsa kukula kwake, ndikuwunika aliyense pogwiritsa ntchito microscope, mpaka atatsala ndi maselo a khansa.
• Mafunde. Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo choyamba kapena pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni, kupha maselo a khansa otsala.
• Chemotherapy. Ngati khansa yapakhungu lanu ili pamwamba pakhungu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a chemotherapy kuti muwachiritse. Ngati khansa yanu yafalikira, mungafunike mankhwala amwachikhalidwe.
• Kuzizira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa yomwe siyolowera pakhungu lanu.
• Thandizo la Photodynamic. Mutenga mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti maselo a khansa azindikire kuwala. Kenako dokotala adzagwiritsa ntchito lasers kupha ma cell.

Kodi anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yapamutu amawaona bwanji?

Maganizo a khansa yapakhungu pakhungu lanu amatengera mtundu wa khansa yapakhungu:

Basal cell carcinoma

Mwambiri, basal cell carcinoma imachiritsidwa - ndipo nthawi zambiri imachiritsidwa - ikagwidwa msanga. Komabe, basal carcinoma pamutu nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta kuchiza kuposa ma basal cell carcinomas. Amakhalanso ndi mwayi wobwereranso atalandira chithandizo.

Kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu zakubalanso kwa scalp basal cell carcinomas komwe kumachiritsidwa ndi curettage ndi electrodeiccation - imodzi mwamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri - pafupifupi 5 mpaka 23% kutengera kukula kwa carcinoma.

Squamous cell carcinoma

Kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu za squamous cell carcinoma pamutu ndi. Mulingo wazaka zisanu wopitilira muyeso, momwe khansara siyimafalikira, ndi 51 peresenti.

Pafupifupi 11% amabwereranso (pamutu) ndipo 7% amasinthidwanso m'chigawo (m'mitsempha yapafupi) mkati mwa zaka zisanu.

Khansa ya pakhungu

Khansa ya pakhungu pamutu nthawi zambiri imakhala yoipa kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya khansa ya khansa.

Kuchokera kwa matenda a khansa yapakhosi pamutu ndi miyezi 15.6, motsutsana ndi miyezi 25.6 ya khansa ina. Kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu zomwe sizingachitike mobwerezabwereza pa khansa yapakhosi ndi 45 peresenti, motsutsana ndi 62.9% ya ma melanomas ena.

Mfundo yofunika

Khansa yapakhungu imatha kuchitika mbali iliyonse ya khungu lanu, kuphatikizapo khungu lanu. Kungakhale kovuta kuti muwone pamutu panu, ndipo nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi chiyembekezo choipa kuposa mitundu ina ya khansa yapakhungu, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuchita momwe mungatetezere khansa yapakhungu pakhungu lanu.

Pewani dzuwa momwe mungathere, ndipo muzivala chipewa kapena chophimba kumutu mukapita kukalowa dzuwa.