Kodi Chithandizo Cha Kulankhula Ndi Chiyani?

Zamkati

• Chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira chithandizo chamalankhulidwe?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukamalankhula?
• Mankhwala othandizira ana
• Mankhwala othandizira akulu
• Kodi mukufuna chithandizo chalankhulidwe mpaka liti?
• Kodi chithandizo chalankhula chimayenda bwino motani?
• Mfundo yofunika

Chithandizo chamalankhulidwe ndikuwunika komanso kuthandizira pamavuto olumikizana ndi zovuta zolankhula. Amachitidwa ndi akatswiri olankhula zilankhulo (SLPs), omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa othandizira kulankhula.

Njira zothandizira anthu kuti azilankhula bwino zimawathandiza kuti azilankhulana bwino. Izi zikuphatikiza chithandizo chamatchulidwe, zochitika paziyankhulo, ndi zina kutengera mtundu wamalankhulidwe kapena vuto la chilankhulo.

Chithandizo chalankhulidwe chitha kukhala chofunikira pamavuto olankhula omwe amayamba ali mwana kapena vuto la kulankhula mwa akulu omwe amachitika chifukwa chovulala kapena matenda, monga stroke kapena kuvulala muubongo.

Chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira chithandizo chamalankhulidwe?

Pali zovuta zingapo pakulankhula ndi chilankhulo zomwe zitha kuchiritsidwa ndimankhwala olankhulira.

• Matenda osokoneza. Vuto lakumveka ndikulephera kupanga mawu ena. Mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto lakulankhula amatha kusiya, kusinthana, kusokoneza, kapena kuwonjezera mawu. Chitsanzo chosokoneza mawu chikhoza kukhala kunena kuti "thith" m'malo mwa "izi".
• Mavuto azolowera. Matenda osalongosoka amakhudza kuyenda, kuthamanga, komanso mayankhulidwe. Chibwibwi ndi chibwibwi ndimavuto amzimu. Munthu wachibwibwi amavutika kutulutsa mawu ndipo amatha kukhala ndi zoyankhula zomwe zaletsedwa kapena kusokonezedwa, kapena atha kubwereza gawo limodzi lamawu onse. Munthu wolongolola nthawi zambiri amalankhula mwachangu kwambiri ndipo amaphatikiza mawu limodzi.
• Mavuto amawu. Matenda amawu amayamba kutsekeka kapena kutsekeka kwa mpweya wokhazikika m'mphuno kapena m'kamwa kumasintha magwiridwe antchito amawu. Zitha kuchitika ngati valavu ya velopharyngeal siyitseka bwino. Matenda opatsirana pogonana nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukamwa kwa m'mimba, matenda amitsempha, ndi matumbo otupa.
• Matenda olandila. Munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto lolankhula chilankhulo amavutika kumvetsetsa ndikusintha zomwe ena anena. Izi zitha kukupangitsani kuti muwoneke kuti mulibe chidwi pomwe wina akuyankhula, mukuvutika kutsatira mayendedwe, kapena mulibe mawu ochepa. Mavuto azilankhulo zina, autism, kumva kwakumva, komanso kuvulala pamutu kumatha kubweretsa vuto la chilankhulo.
• Mavuto owonetsa. Kusokonezeka kwa chilankhulo ndikovuta kufotokozera kapena kufotokoza zambiri. Ngati muli ndi vuto lofotokozera, mutha kukhala ndi vuto kupanga ziganizo zolondola, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mawu osalondola. Zimakhudzana ndi kufooka kwa chitukuko, monga Down syndrome ndi kumva kwakumva. Zitha kukhalanso chifukwa chovulala pamutu kapena matenda.
• Matenda ozindikira-kulumikizana. Zovuta kulumikizana chifukwa chovulala kwaubongo komwe kumawongolera kuthekera kwanu kuganiza kumatchedwa kusokonezeka kwa kulumikizana. Zitha kubweretsa kukumbukira, kuthana ndi mavuto, komanso kuyankhula movutikira, kapena kumvetsera. Zitha kuyambika chifukwa cha zovuta zachilengedwe, kukula kwaubongo, zina zamitsempha, kuvulala kwaubongo, kapena sitiroko.
• Aphasia. Ichi ndi vuto lolumikizana lomwe limapezeka lomwe limakhudza luso lakulankhula ndi kumvetsetsa ena. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudzanso luso la munthu kuwerenga ndi kulemba. Sitiroko ndi yomwe imayambitsa matenda a aphasia, ngakhale mavuto ena amubongo angayambitsenso.
• Dysarthria. Vutoli limadziwika ndikulankhula pang'onopang'ono kapena kosavuta chifukwa chofooka kapena kulephera kuwongolera minofu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito polankhula. Amayambitsidwa kwambiri ndimatenda amanjenje ndi mikhalidwe yomwe imayambitsa kufooka kwa nkhope kapena kukhosi ndi lilime kufooka, monga multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), ndi stroke.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukamalankhula?

Chithandizo chamalankhulidwe nthawi zambiri chimayamba ndikuwunika kwa SLP yemwe angazindikire mtundu wamatenda olumikizirana ndi njira yabwino yochiritsira.

Mankhwala othandizira ana

Kwa mwana wanu, chithandizo chamankhwala chitha kuchitika mkalasi kapena pagulu laling'ono, kapena m'modzi m'modzi, kutengera vuto lakulankhula. Zochita zamankhwala zolankhulira ndi zochitika zimasiyanasiyana kutengera matenda, zaka, ndi zosowa za mwana wanu. Panthawi yolankhulira ana, SLP itha:

• kulumikizana kudzera pakulankhula komanso kusewera, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mabuku, kujambula zinthu zina monga gawo lolowererapo chilankhulo kuti chithandizire kukulitsa chilankhulo
• perekani mawu ndi zilembo zolondola za mwana panthawi yazosewerera moyenera kuti aphunzitse mwana momwe angapangire mawu
• perekani njira ndi homuweki kwa mwana ndi kholo kapena wowasamalira momwe angapangire mankhwala olankhula kunyumba

Mankhwala othandizira akulu

Chithandizo cha akulu chimayambanso ndikuwunika kuti mudziwe zosowa zanu ndi chithandizo chabwino. Zochita zolankhula kwa akulu zimatha kukuthandizani pakulankhula, chilankhulo, komanso kulumikizana mozindikira.

Therapy itha kuphatikizanso kuyambiranso kumeza ntchito ngati kuvulala kapena matenda, monga matenda a Parkinson kapena khansa yapakamwa yadzetsa mavuto akumeza.

Zochita zingaphatikizepo:

• kuthana ndi mavuto, kukumbukira, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu, kukumbukira, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu, kukonza zinthu ndi kulumikizana bwino, komanso ntchito zina zomwe zingathandize kuti kulumikizana kumveke bwino
• Njira zoyankhulirana zokulitsa kulumikizana pakati pa anthu
• machitidwe opumira kuti amveke bwino
• ntchito zolimbitsa minofu ya m'kamwa

Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingapezeke ngati mukuyesa kuyesa zolankhula kunyumba, kuphatikiza:

• mapulogalamu othandizira othandizira
• masewera olimbikitsa zilankhulo ndi zoseweretsa, monga ma flip makhadi ndi ma flash
• mabuku ogwirira ntchito

Kodi mukufuna chithandizo chalankhulidwe mpaka liti?

Nthawi yomwe munthu amafunikira mankhwala olankhulira imadalira pazinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza:

• msinkhu wawo
• mtundu ndi kuuma kwavutoli
• pafupipafupi mankhwala
• matenda
• chithandizo chazachipatala

Zovuta zina zolankhula zimayambira muubwana ndikusintha ndi msinkhu, pomwe zina zimapitilirabe pakukula ndipo zimafuna chithandizo chanthawi yayitali.

Matenda olumikizirana omwe amadza chifukwa cha sitiroko kapena matenda ena amatha kusintha monga momwe amathandizira ndi momwe zinthu zikuyendera bwino.

Kodi chithandizo chalankhula chimayenda bwino motani?

Kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chamankhwala kumasiyanasiyana pakati pa matenda omwe akuchiritsidwa ndi magulu azaka. Mukayamba kulankhula mankhwalawa amathanso kukhudza zotsatira zake.

Chithandizo chamayankhulidwe kwa ana achichepere chakhala chothandiza kwambiri mukamayambira koyambirira ndikuchitidwa kunyumba ndi kholo kapena wowasamalira.

Mfundo yofunika

Chithandizo chamalankhulidwe chitha kuthana ndi mayankhulidwe osiyanasiyana ndikuchedwa chilankhulo ndi zovuta kwa ana ndi akulu. Mukalowererapo mwachangu, chithandizo chamalankhulidwe chitha kukulitsa kulumikizana komanso kukulitsa kudzidalira.