Mlembi: Judy Howell
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 6 Kulayi 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 22 Kuni 2024
Anonim
Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Sitiroko - Thanzi
Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Sitiroko - Thanzi

Zamkati

Kodi sitiroko ndi chiyani?

Sitiroko imachitika pamene chotengera chamagazi muubongo chimang'ambika ndikutuluka magazi, kapena pakakhala kutsekeka pakupezeka kwamagazi kuubongo. Kuphulika kapena kutsekeka kumalepheretsa magazi ndi mpweya kuti zifike kumatumba aubongo.

Malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), sitiroko ndiyomwe imayambitsa kufa ku United States. Chaka chilichonse, anthu oposa US amadwala sitiroko.

Popanda oxygen, maselo a ubongo ndi minofu zimawonongeka ndikuyamba kufa patangopita mphindi zochepa. Onani momwe ziwalo zimakhudzira thupi.

Zizindikiro za sitiroko

Kutayika kwa magazi kupita muubongo kumawononga minofu mkati mwa ubongo. Zizindikiro za sitiroko zimawoneka m'ziwalo za thupi zoyang'aniridwa ndi malo owonongeka aubongo.

Munthu amene akudwala sitiroko akangosamalira msanga, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino. Pachifukwa ichi, ndizothandiza kudziwa zizindikilo za sitiroko kuti muthe kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu. Zizindikiro za sitiroko zitha kuphatikiza:

  • ziwalo
  • dzanzi kapena kufooka m'manja, nkhope, ndi mwendo, makamaka mbali imodzi ya thupi
  • kuyankhula molakwika kapena kumvetsetsa mawu
  • chisokonezo
  • mawu osalankhula
  • mavuto owonera, monga kuvuta kuwona m'maso amodzi kapena onse awiri ndi masomphenya akuda kapena kusawona bwino, kapena masomphenya awiri
  • kuyenda movutikira
  • kutayika bwino kapena kulumikizana
  • chizungulire
  • kwambiri, modzidzimutsa mutu wosadziwika

Sitiroko imafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu. Ngati mukuganiza kuti inu kapena munthu wina akudwala sitiroko, pemphani wina kuti ayimbire 911 nthawi yomweyo. Chithandizo mwachangu ndichofunikira popewa zotsatirazi:


  • kuwonongeka kwa ubongo
  • kulemala kwanthawi yayitali
  • imfa

Ndibwino kukhala otetezeka kuposa chisoni mukamakumana ndi sitiroko, chifukwa chake musawope kuyimbira foni 911 ngati mukuganiza kuti mumazindikira zizindikilo za sitiroko. Chitani Mofulumira ndipo phunzirani kuzindikira zizindikiro za sitiroko.

Zizindikiro za sitiroko mwa akazi

Sitiroko ndiyomwe imayambitsa kufa kwa azimayi aku US. Azimayi ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi sitiroko kuposa amuna.

Ngakhale zizindikilo zina za stroke ndizofanana mwa amayi ndi abambo, zina ndizofala kwambiri mwa amayi.

Zizindikiro za sitiroko zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri mwa amayi ndi izi:

  • nseru kapena kusanza
  • kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo
  • ululu
  • kufooka wamba
  • kupuma movutikira kapena kupuma movutikira
  • kukomoka kapena kukomoka
  • kugwidwa
  • chisokonezo, kusokonezeka, kapena kusamvera
  • kusintha kwamakhalidwe mwadzidzidzi, makamaka kukwiya

Amayi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuposa amuna kufa ndi sitiroko, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti muzindikire sitiroko posachedwa. Phunzirani zambiri za kuzindikira zizindikilo za sitiroko mwa akazi.


Zizindikiro za sitiroko mwa amuna

Sitiroko ndi chifukwa cha imfa mwa amuna. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi sitiroko ali achichepere kuposa akazi, koma samwalira chifukwa cha izi, malinga ndi.

Amuna ndi akazi amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zofananira (onani pamwambapa). Komabe, zizindikiro zina za sitiroko zimachitika kawirikawiri mwa amuna. Izi zikuphatikiza:

  • woweramira mbali imodzi ya nkhope kapena kumwetulira kofanana
  • osalankhula bwino, ovuta kuyankhula, komanso samvetsetsa zolankhula zina
  • kufooka kwa mkono kapena kufooka kwa minofu mbali imodzi ya thupi

Ngakhale zizindikilo zina zimatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa abambo ndi amai, ndikofunikira kuti onse azitha kuwona sitiroko koyambirira ndikupeza thandizo. Phunzirani zambiri za zizindikiro za sitiroko mwa amuna.

Mitundu ya sitiroko

Sitiroko imagwera m'magulu atatu akulu: tricentent ischemic attack (TIA), ischemic stroke, ndi hemorrhagic stroke. Magulu awa amagawikidwanso m'mitundu ina, kuphatikizapo:

  • kupweteka kwapabanja
  • sitiroko thrombotic
  • sitiroko ya m'mimba
  • sitiroko ya subarachnoid

Mtundu wa sitiroko womwe muli nawo umakhudza momwe mungachiritse ndi kuchira. Werengani zambiri za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zikwapu.


Chilonda cha ischemic

Pakachitika sitiroko, mitsempha yotumiza magazi kuubongo imachepa kapena kutsekeka. Izi zotchinga zimachitika chifukwa chamagazi kapena magazi omwe amachepetsedwa kwambiri. Zitha kupangidwanso chifukwa cha zidutswa za chipika chifukwa cha atherosclerosis yomwe imaphwanya komanso kutseka magazi.

Mitundu iwiri yofala kwambiri ya ischemic stroko ndi thrombotic komanso embolic. Sitiroko ya thrombotic imachitika pamene magazi amatuluka m'modzi mwamitsempha yopereka magazi kuubongo. Chotsekemera chimadutsa m'magazi ndipo chimalowa, chomwe chimatseka magazi. Sitiroko yophatikizira ndi pamene magazi amaundana kapena zinyalala zina zimapangidwa mbali ina ya thupi ndikupita kuubongo.

Malinga ndi CDC, zikwapu ndimatenda a ischemic. Pezani chifukwa chake zikwapu za ischemic zimachitika.

Sitiroko yapadera

Sitiroko yophatikizika ndi imodzi mwamagulu awiri amikwingwirima ischemic. Zimachitika magazi ikaundana mbali ina ya thupi - nthawi zambiri mtima kapena mitsempha m'chifuwa ndi m'khosi - ndikuyenda m'magazi kupita kuubongo. Cholemacho chimakanirira m'mitsempha yaubongo, momwe imayimitsa kuyenda kwa magazi ndikupangitsa sitiroko.

Sitiroko yoyambira ikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha mtima. Matenda a Atrial, mtundu wofala wamtima wosagunda, ungayambitse magazi kuundana mumtima. Kuundana kumeneku kumatha kutuluka ndikudutsa m'magazi mpaka muubongo. Werengani zambiri za momwe zikwapu zoyambira zimachitikira komanso zizindikilo zomwe zingayambitse.

Kuukira kwanthawi yayitali (TIA)

Kuukira kwakanthawi kochepa, komwe kumadziwika kuti TIA kapena ministerroke, kumachitika magazi akamatulukira muubongo kwakanthawi. Zizindikiro, zomwe zimakhala zofanana ndi matenda a stroke, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zakanthawi ndipo zimasowa patangopita mphindi zochepa kapena maola.

TIA nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa chamagazi. Imakhala ngati chenjezo lanthenda yamtsogolo, chifukwa chake musanyalanyaze TIA. Funsani mankhwala omwewo omwe mungakodwe nawo sitiroko yayikulu ndikuyimbira 911.

Malinga ndi CDC, mwa anthu omwe akukumana ndi TIA ndipo samalandira chithandizo amakhala ndi sitiroko yayikulu pasanathe chaka. Kufikira anthu omwe akumana ndi TIA amakhala ndi sitiroko yayikulu mkati mwa miyezi itatu. Umu ndi momwe mungamvetsetse ma TIA ndi momwe mungapewere sitiroko yayikulu mtsogolo.

Sitiroko yotaya magazi

Sitiroko yotulutsa magazi imachitika pamene mtsempha wamaubongo umatseguka kapena kutuluka magazi. Magazi ochokera mumtsemphawo amapangitsa kupanikizika kwambiri mu chigaza ndikufufuma ubongo, kuwononga maselo am'magazi ndi ziwalo.

Mitundu iwiri ya zikwapu zotuluka m'mimba ndi intracerebral ndi subarachnoid. Sitiroko yotulutsa magazi m'mimba, yomwe imafala kwambiri, imachitika pamene minofu yozungulira ubongo imadzaza magazi magazi ataphulika. Matenda opatsirana m'magazi a subarachnoid sakhala ochepa. Zimayambitsa magazi m'dera pakati pa ubongo ndi minofu yomwe imaphimba.

Malingana ndi American Heart Association, pafupifupi 13 peresenti ya sitiroko imakhala yotuluka magazi. Dziwani zambiri pazomwe zimayambitsa matenda opha magazi, komanso chithandizo ndi kupewa.

Kodi chimayambitsa sitiroko ndi chiyani?

Choyambitsa sitiroko chimadalira mtundu wa sitiroko. Mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya sitiroko ndiyosakhalitsa ischemic attack (TIA), ischemic stroke, ndi hemorrhagic stroke.

TIA imayambitsidwa ndi kutsekeka kwakanthawi mumtsempha wopita kuubongo. Kutsekeka, komwe kumapangidwa magazi, kumaletsa magazi kuti asayende kupita mbali zina zaubongo. TIA nthawi zambiri imatenga mphindi zochepa mpaka maola ochepa, kenako kutsekeka kumayenda ndikuyambiranso kwa magazi.

Monga TIA, sitiroko ya ischemic imayamba chifukwa chotseka mtsempha wopita kuubongo. Kutsekeka kumeneku kumatha kukhala magazi, kapena mwina chifukwa cha atherosclerosis. Ndi vutoli, chipika (mafuta) chimakhazikika pamakoma a mtsempha wamagazi. Chidutswa cha chikwangwani chimatha kuthyoka ndikukhazikika mumtsempha, kutsekeka kwa magazi ndikuyambitsa sitiroko.

Sitiroko yotuluka magazi, komano, imayamba chifukwa chotumphuka kapena kutuluka magazi. Magazi amalowa mkati kapena mozungulira matumba aubongo, ndikupangitsa kupanikizika ndikuwononga maselo aubongo.

Pali zifukwa ziwiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opha magazi. Aneurysm (gawo lofooka, lotupa m'mitsempha yamagazi) imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo imatha kupangitsa kuti magazi ayambe kuphulika. Nthawi zambiri, vuto lotchedwa arteriovenous malformation, lomwe limalumikizana bwino pakati pa mitsempha yanu ndi mitsempha, limatha kubweretsa magazi muubongo. Pitirizani kuwerenga za zomwe zimayambitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sitiroko.

Zowopsa za sitiroko

Zina mwaziwopsezo zomwe zimakupangitsani kuti muzitha kugwidwa ndi sitiroko. Malinga ndi, zomwe mumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu, mumakhala ndi stroke. Zowopsa za sitiroko ndi monga:

Zakudya

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi chomwe chimakulitsa chiopsezo cha sitiroko ndi chomwe chimakhala chambiri:

  • mchere
  • mafuta odzaza
  • mafuta
  • cholesterol

Kusagwira ntchito

Kusagwira ntchito, kapena kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kumathandizanso kuti mukhale ndi vuto lakupha ziwalo.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumakhala ndi maubwino angapo azaumoyo. CDC imalimbikitsa kuti achikulire azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi sabata iliyonse. Izi zitha kutanthauza kungoyenda mwachangu kangapo pamlungu.

Kumwa mowa

Chiwopsezo chanu cha sitiroko chimakulanso ngati mumamwa mowa kwambiri. Kumwa mowa kuyenera kuchitidwa pang'ono. Izi sizikutanthauza kumwa kamodzi patsiku kwa akazi, komanso osapitilira awiri kwa amuna. Zambiri kuposa izi zimatha kukweza kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso milingo ya triglyceride, yomwe imatha kuyambitsa matenda a atherosclerosis.

Kusuta fodya

Kugwiritsa ntchito fodya wamtundu uliwonse kumawonjezeranso chiopsezo chanu cha sitiroko, chifukwa imatha kuwononga mitsempha yanu yamagazi ndi mtima. Izi zimawonjezekanso mukasuta, chifukwa kuthamanga kwanu kwamagazi kumakwera mukamagwiritsa ntchito chikonga.

Mbiri yanu

Pali zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha sitiroko zomwe simungathe kuzilamulira. Chiwopsezo cha sitiroko chitha kulumikizidwa ndi:

  • Mbiri ya banja. Chiwopsezo cha sitiroko chimakhala chambiri m'mabanja ena chifukwa cha zovuta zamatenda, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi.
  • Kugonana. Malingana ndi, ngakhale amayi ndi abambo atha kukhala ndi sitiroko, amapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi kuposa amuna azaka zonse.
  • Zaka. Okalamba omwe muli, ndizotheka kuti mukhale ndi stroke.
  • Mtundu ndi mafuko. Anthu a ku Caucasus, Asia America, ndi Hispanics sangakhale ndi stroke kusiyana ndi African-American, Alaska Natives, ndi Amwenye Achimereka.

Mbiri yazaumoyo

Matenda ena amalumikizidwa ndi chiwopsezo cha sitiroko. Izi zikuphatikiza:

  • sitiroko yapitayi kapena TIA
  • kuthamanga kwa magazi
  • cholesterol yambiri
  • Matenda amtima, monga matenda amitsempha yamagazi
  • zopindika vavu mtima
  • zipinda zokulitsa za mtima komanso kugunda kwamtima mosasinthasintha
  • matenda a zenga
  • matenda ashuga

Kuti mudziwe zomwe mungachite pachiwopsezo cha sitiroko, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Pakalipano, fufuzani zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha sitiroko.

Matenda a sitiroko

Dokotala wanu akufunsani inu kapena wachibale wanu za zomwe muli nazo komanso zomwe mumachita atadzuka. Atenga mbiri yanu yazachipatala kuti adziwe zomwe zimayambitsa ziwopsezo. Adzakhalanso:

  • funsani mankhwala omwe mumamwa
  • onani kuthamanga kwa magazi anu
  • Tsatani mtima wanu

Muyeneranso kuyezetsa thupi, pomwe dokotala adzakuyesani:

  • kulinganiza
  • mgwirizano
  • kufooka
  • dzanzi m'manja, nkhope, kapena miyendo yanu
  • zizindikiro zosokoneza
  • Masomphenya

Dokotala wanu adzayesa mayeso ena. Mayesero osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira matenda a stroke. Mayesowa angathandize madokotala kudziwa:

  • ngati munadwala sitiroko
  • chomwe chingayambitse
  • gawo liti laubongo limakhudzidwa
  • kaya mwatuluka magazi muubongo

Mayesowa amathanso kudziwa ngati matenda anu akuyambitsidwa ndi chinthu china.

Kuyesa kuzindikira matenda a stroko

Mutha kuyesa mayesero osiyanasiyana kuti muthandizire dokotala kudziwa ngati mwadwala sitiroko, kapena kuti muchepetse vuto lina. Mayesowa akuphatikizapo:

Kuyesa magazi

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukoka magazi kuti ayesedwe magazi kangapo. Mayeso amwazi amatha kudziwa:

  • shuga wambiri m'magazi anu
  • ngati muli ndi matenda
  • milingo yanu yamapulatifomu
  • magazi anu aundana mwachangu

Kujambula kwa MRI ndi CT

Mutha kuyesedwa ndi maginito oyeserera (MRI) ndi makina apakompyuta a tomography (CT).

MRI ikuthandizira kuwona ngati minofu yaubongo kapena maselo aubongo awonongeka. Kujambula kwa CT kumapereka chithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha ubongo wanu chomwe chikuwonetsa kukha mwazi kapena kuwonongeka kulikonse muubongo. Ikhozanso kuwonetsa zochitika zina zamaubongo zomwe zingayambitse matenda anu.

EKG

Dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa electrocardiogram (EKG), nayenso. Kuyesa kosavuta kumeneku kumalemba zochitika zamagetsi mumtima, kuyesa mayendedwe ake ndikulemba momwe imagwirira mwachangu. Ikhoza kudziwa ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse la mtima lomwe mwina lidayambitsa kupwetekedwa mtima, monga matenda amtima asanafike kapena kupuma kwamitsempha.

Cerebral angiogram

Chiyeso china chomwe dokotala angakulamulire kuti adziwe ngati mwadwalapo sitiroko ndi angiogram yaubongo. Izi zimapereka chithunzi chokwanira pamitsempha m'khosi mwako ndi ubongo. Chiyesocho chitha kuwonetsa zotchinga kapena zotseka zomwe zitha kuyambitsa zizindikilo.

Carotid ultrasound

Carotid ultrasound, yotchedwanso carotid duplex scan, imatha kuwonetsa mafuta (zolembera) m'mitsempha yanu ya carotid, yomwe imakupatsani magazi kumaso, m'khosi, ndi ubongo. Ikhoza kuwonetsanso ngati mitsempha yanu ya carotid yafupika kapena kutsekedwa.

Zojambulajambula

Echocardiogram imatha kupeza magwero mumtima mwanu. Kuundana kumeneku mwina kunapita kuubongo wanu ndikupangitsa sitiroko.

Chithandizo cha sitiroko

Kuunika koyenera kwamankhwala ndikuthandizira mwachangu ndikofunikira kuti muchiritse sitiroko. Malinga ndi American Heart Association, "Nthawi yotayika imawonongeka muubongo." Itanani 911 mukangozindikira kuti mukumenyedwa ndi stroke, kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti wokondedwa wanu akudwala sitiroko.

Chithandizo cha sitiroko chimatengera mtundu wa sitiroko:

Sitiroko ya Ischemic ndi TIA

Mitundu ya sitiroko imayamba chifukwa chamagazi kapena kutsekeka kwina muubongo. Pachifukwachi, amathandizidwa kwambiri ndi njira zofananira, monga:

Antiplatelet ndi anticoagulants

Ma aspirin owonjezerapo nthawi zambiri amakhala mzere woyamba wodzitchinjiriza pakuwonongeka kwa stroke. Mankhwala a anticoagulant ndi antiplatelet amayenera kumwa mkati mwa maola 24 mpaka 48 pambuyo poti matenda a stroke ayamba.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mankhwala a Thrombolytic amatha kuphwanya magazi m'mitsempha yanu yaubongo, yomwe imayimitsabe sitiroko ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.

Imodzi mwa mankhwalawa, minofu ya plasminogen activator (tPA), kapena Alteplase IV r-tPA, imawerengedwa kuti ndiyoyezo wa golide wochizira sitiroko. Imagwira pothetsa magazi kuundana mwachangu, ngati ataperekedwa mkati mwa 3 mpaka 4.5 maola atayamba kudwala kwa stroke. Anthu omwe amalandira jakisoni wa tPA amatha kuchira sitiroko, ndipo sangakhale ndi chilema chosatha chifukwa cha sitiroko.

Mawotchi thrombectomy

Pochita izi, adokotala amalowetsa catheter mumtsuko waukulu wamagazi mkati mwanu. Kenako amagwiritsa ntchito kachipangizo kutulutsa chinsalu chija. Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumakhala kopambana ngati kwachitika maola 6 mpaka 24 sitiroko itayamba.

Kutentha

Ngati dokotala wanu atapeza komwe makoma a mitsempha afooka, atha kuchita izi kuti akweze mtsempha wocheperako ndikuthandizira makoma a mtsempha ndi stent.

Opaleshoni

Nthawi zina pomwe mankhwala ena sakugwira ntchito, dokotala wanu amatha kuchita opareshoni kuti achotse magazi ndi zikopa m'mitsempha mwanu. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ndi catheter, kapena ngati chovalacho ndi chachikulu kwambiri, dokotala wanu akhoza kutsegula mitsempha kuti atseke.

Sitiroko yotaya magazi

Sitiroko yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kutuluka magazi kapena kutuluka kwa ubongo imafunikira njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira. Chithandizo cha sitiroko yamagazi ndi monga:

Mankhwala

Mosiyana ndi sitiroko ya ischemic, ngati mukudwala matenda opha magazi, cholinga chamankhwala ndikupangitsa magazi anu kuundana. Chifukwa chake, mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse magazi omwe mungatenge.

Muthanso kupatsidwa mankhwala omwe angachepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, kutsitsa kuthamanga kwa ubongo wanu, kupewa kukomoka, komanso kupewa kupsinjika kwa magazi.

Kuphimba

Munthawi imeneyi, dokotala wanu amatsogolera chubu lalitali kumalo otaya magazi kapena chofooka chamagazi. Kenako amaika chida chofanana ndi coil mdera lomwe khoma la mtsempha limakhala lofooka. Izi zimalepheretsa magazi kulowa m'derali, ndikuchepetsa magazi.

Kulumikiza

Mukamayesa kujambula, dokotala wanu atha kupeza matenda a aneurysm omwe sanayambebe magazi kapena atasiya. Pofuna kupewa magazi ochulukirapo, dokotalayo amatha kuyika kaching'onoting'ono m'munsi mwa khunyu. Izi zimachepetsa kupezeka kwa magazi ndipo zimathandiza kuti mtsempha wamagazi wosweka kapena magazi atsopano asatuluke.

Opaleshoni

Ngati dokotala akuwona kuti aneurysm yaphulika, amatha kumuchita opaleshoni kuti adule kachilomboka ndikupewa magazi ena. Mofananamo, craniotomy ingafunikire kuti muchepetse kukakamizidwa kwaubongo pambuyo povulala kwakukulu.

Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chadzidzidzi, opereka chithandizo chamankhwala adzakulangizani za njira zopewera sitiroko mtsogolo. Mukufuna kuphunzira zambiri za chithandizo chamankhwala ndi njira zopewera? Dinani apa.

Mankhwala a sitiroko

Mankhwala angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza sitiroko. Mtundu womwe dokotala akukuuzani umadalira mtundu wa sitiroko yomwe mudali nayo. Cholinga cha mankhwala ena ndikuteteza sitiroko yachiwiri, pomwe ena amayesetsa kuti sitiroko isachitike poyamba.

Mankhwala ofala kwambiri a sitiroko ndi awa:

  • Matenda a plasminogen activator (tPA). Mankhwalawa angaperekedwe panthawi ya sitiroko kuti athetse magazi omwe amachititsa kupwetekedwa. Ndiwo mankhwala okhawo omwe akupezeka pano omwe angachite izi, koma ayenera kuperekedwa mkati mwa 3 mpaka 4.5 maola zizindikiro za sitiroko zitayamba. Mankhwalawa amalowetsedwa mumtsuko wamagazi kuti mankhwalawo ayambe kugwira ntchito mwachangu, zomwe zimachepetsa zovuta zakubwera chifukwa cha sitiroko.
  • Maantibayotiki. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa magazi anu kutseka. Anticoagulant wofala kwambiri ndi warfarin (Jantoven, Coumadin). Mankhwalawa amathanso kulepheretsa kuundana kwamagazi komwe kulipo, ndichifukwa chake atha kupatsidwa mankhwala kuti ateteze sitiroko, kapena pambuyo poti sitiroko ischemic kapena TIA yachitika.
  • Mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mankhwalawa amateteza kuundana kwamagazi popangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kuti magazi othandiza magazi kuundana agwirizane. Mankhwala omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi ma aspirin ndi clopidogrel (Plavix). Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa zikwapu za ischemic ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri popewa kupwetekedwa kwachiwiri. Ngati simunayambe mwadwalapo, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito aspirin ngati mankhwala otetezera ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a atherosclerotic a mtima (mwachitsanzo, vuto la mtima ndi sitiroko) komanso chiopsezo chotsika magazi.
  • Zolemba. Ma Statins, omwe amathandiza kutsitsa magazi m'magazi ambiri, ndi ena mwa mankhwala ku United States. Mankhwalawa amalepheretsa kupanga enzyme yomwe imatha kusintha cholesterol kukhala chikwangwani - chinthu chakuda, chomata chomwe chitha kukhazikika pamakoma amitsempha ndikupangitsa sitiroko ndi matenda amtima. Ma statins wamba amaphatikizapo rosuvastatin (Crestor), simvastatin (Zocor), ndi atorvastatin (Lipitor).
  • Mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha kupangitsa kuti zidutswa za zolembera mumitsempha yanu zisweke. Zidutswazi zimatha kutseka mitsempha, ndikupanga sitiroko. Zotsatira zake, kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumathandiza kupewa sitiroko.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo kuti azitha kuchiza kapena kupewa sitiroko, kutengera zinthu monga mbiri yathanzi lanu komanso zoopsa zanu. Pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira komanso kupewa zikwapu, onani mndandanda wathunthu pano.

Kuchira sitiroko

Sitiroko ndi yomwe imayambitsa matenda olumala ku United States. Komabe, National Stroke Association inanena kuti 10 peresenti ya opulumuka sitiroko amachira pafupifupi kwathunthu, pomwe ena 25% amachira ndikulephera pang'ono.

Ndikofunika kuti kuchira ndi kukonzanso ku sitiroko kuyambe mwachangu. M'malo mwake, kuchira sitiroko kuyenera kuyamba mchipatala. Kumeneko, gulu losamalira anthu akhoza kukhazikitsa bata, kuwunika zotsatira za sitiroko, kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa, ndikuyamba chithandizo kukuthandizani kuti mupezenso luso lanu lomwe lakhudzidwa.

Kuchira sitiroko kumayang'ana mbali zinayi zazikulu:

Mankhwala othandizira

Sitiroko imatha kuyambitsa mavuto pakulankhula komanso chilankhulo. Wothandizira kulankhula ndi chilankhulo adzagwira nanu ntchito kuti muphunzire kuyankhula. Kapenanso, ngati muwona kuti kulumikizana kwamawu kumakhala kovuta pambuyo povulala, adzakuthandizani kupeza njira zatsopano zoyankhulirana.

Chithandizo chazindikiritso

Akadwala sitiroko, opulumuka ambiri amasintha malingaliro awo ndi luso la kulingalira. Izi zitha kuyambitsa kusintha kwamakhalidwe ndi malingaliro. Wothandizira pantchito atha kukuthandizani kuti muyambirenso kukhala ndi malingaliro ndi machitidwe anu akale ndikuwongolera mayankho anu.

Kupeza luso lakumverera

Ngati gawo laubongo wanu lomwe limatulutsa zizindikiritso limakhudzidwa pakukwapula, mutha kupeza kuti mphamvu zanu "zalephera" kapena sizikugwiranso ntchito. Izi zikhoza kutanthauza kuti simukumva bwino, monga kutentha, kupanikizika, kapena kupweteka. Wothandizira atha kukuthandizani kuti muphunzire kusintha kusowa kwachisoni.

Thandizo lakuthupi

Minofu yamphamvu ndi nyonga zitha kufooka ndi sitiroko, ndipo mutha kupeza kuti mukulephera kusuntha thupi lanu momwe mungathere kale. Wothandizira zakuthupi adzagwira nanu ntchito kuti mupezenso mphamvu ndikuwongolera, ndikupeza njira zosinthira pazofooka zilizonse.

Kukonzanso kumatha kuchitika kuchipatala chothandizira anthu odwala matendawa, nyumba yosungirako anthu okalamba, kapena nyumba yanu. Izi ndi zomwe mungayembekezere panthawi yothandiza kuchira sitiroko.

Momwe mungapewere sitiroko

Mutha kuchitapo kanthu kuti muteteze kupwetekedwa mtima ndikukhala moyo wathanzi. Izi zikuphatikiza izi:

  • Siyani kusuta. Mukasuta, kusiya pano kumachepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha sitiroko.
  • Imwani mowa pang'ono. Ngati mumamwa mopitirira muyeso, yesetsani kuchepetsa kudya kwanu. Kumwa mowa kumatha kukweza kuthamanga kwa magazi.
  • Pitirizani kulemera. Sungani kulemera kwanu pamlingo woyenera. Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa kwambiri kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha sitiroko. Kukuthandizani kulemera kwanu:
    • Idyani chakudya chodzaza zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
    • Idyani zakudya zopanda cholesterol, mafuta opyapyala, ndi mafuta okhuta.
    • Khalani otakataka. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol.
  • Pezani mayeso. Khalani pamwamba pa thanzi lanu.Izi zikutanthauza kuti mupimidwe pafupipafupi ndikukhala ndikulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu. Onetsetsani kuti mwachita izi:
    • Pezani cholesterol ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kwanu.
    • Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kusintha moyo wanu.
    • Kambiranani za mankhwala omwe mungasankhe ndi dokotala wanu.
    • Kuthetsa mavuto aliwonse a mtima omwe mungakhale nawo.
    • Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, chitanipo kanthu kuti muthane nawo.

Kutenga zonsezi kukuthandizani kuti mukhale bwino kuti muteteze sitiroko. Werengani zambiri za momwe mungapewere kukwapulidwa.

Kutenga

Ngati mukukayikira kuti mukudwala matenda a sitiroko, ndikofunikira kuti mupite kuchipatala mwadzidzidzi. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kuperekedwa m'maola oyambilira zikayamba kudwala sitiroko, ndipo chithandizo choyambirira ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yochepetsera chiopsezo chanu chazovuta zakutali komanso kulumala.

Kupewa ndikotheka, ngakhale mutapewa sitiroko yoyamba kapena kuyesera kupewa yachiwiri. Mankhwala atha kuthandiza kuchepetsa kuundana kwa magazi, komwe kumayambitsa sitiroko. Gwiritsani ntchito ndi dokotala kuti mupeze njira yodzitetezera yomwe ingakuthandizireni, kuphatikizapo kulowererapo kwachipatala komanso kusintha kwa moyo wanu.

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