Zowonjezera Pakati pa Mimba: What’s Safe and What’s Not

Zamkati

• Chifukwa chiyani mumayenera kutenga zowonjezera panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati?
• Mimba imakulitsa kufunika kwa michere
• Mankhwala azitsamba amatha kuthandizira matenda - mosamala
• Zowonjezera zomwe zimawoneka ngati zotetezeka panthawi yoyembekezera
• 1. Mavitamini asanabadwe
• 2. Amuna
• 3. Chitsulo
• 4. Vitamini D
• 5. Magnesium
• 6. Ginger
• 7. Mafuta a nsomba
• 8. Mapuloteni
• 9. Choline
• Zowonjezera zomwe muyenera kupewa mukakhala ndi pakati
• 1. Vitamini A
• 2. Vitamini E
• 3. Cohosh wakuda
• 4. Zobiriwira
• 5. Dong quai
• 6. Yohimbe
• 7. Mankhwala ena azitsamba amaonedwa ngati osatetezeka panthawi yoyembekezera
• Mfundo yofunika

Ngati muli ndi pakati, mungaganize kuti kudzimva wosokonezeka komanso wosokonezeka kumadza ndi gawo. Koma siziyenera kukhala zosokoneza kwambiri pankhani ya mavitamini ndi zowonjezera.

Ngati mwachita ngongole yanu yambiri, timakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuti nsomba zam'madzi za mercury, mowa, ndi ndudu siziloledwa panthawi yapakati. Chomwe chingakudabwitseni ndikuti mavitamini, michere, ndi zowonjezera zitsamba ziyeneranso kupewedwa.

Zambiri zomwe zowonjezera ndizabwino komanso zomwe sizimasiyana ndipo zimatha kupangitsa zinthu kumva kukhala zovuta kwambiri. Tili ndi inu, komabe.

Nkhaniyi ikuwononga zomwe zowonjezera zimakhulupirira kuti ndizabwino kutenga panthawi yapakati komanso chifukwa chake zina zowonjezera ziyenera kupewedwa.

Chifukwa chiyani mumayenera kutenga zowonjezera panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati?

Kupeza michere yoyenera ndikofunikira pagawo lililonse la moyo, koma ndizofunikira kwambiri panthawi yapakati, chifukwa muyenera kudzidyetsa nokha ndi mwana wanu amene akukula.

Mimba imakulitsa kufunika kwa michere

Pakati pa mimba, kudya kwa macronutrient kumafunikira kukula kwambiri. Macronutrients amaphatikizapo chakudya, mapuloteni, ndi mafuta.

Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kuyenera kukulira kuchokera ku 0,36 gramu pa paundi (0.8 magalamu pa kg) ya kulemera kwa amayi omwe alibe pakati mpaka 0,5 magalamu pa kilogalamu (1.1 magalamu pa kg) ya kulemera kwa amayi apakati.

Mudzafuna kuphatikiza mapuloteni pachakudya chilichonse komanso chotupitsa kuti mukwaniritse zosowa zanu.

Chofunikira cha micronutrients, yomwe imaphatikizapo mavitamini, michere, ndi zinthu zina, kuposa kufunika kwama macronutrients.

Ngakhale anthu ena amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikirazi kudzera mu dongosolo lakudya bwino, lomwe limakhala ndi michere yambiri, zitha kukhala zovuta kwa ena.

Mungafunike kumwa mavitamini ndi mchere pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:

• Zakudya zabwinozofooka: Anthu ena angafunike chowonjezera pambuyo poti kuyezetsa magazi kukuwonetsa kusowa kwa vitamini kapena mchere. Kuwongolera zoperewera ndikofunikira, chifukwa kusowa kwa michere monga folate kumalumikizidwa ndi zolephera za kubadwa.
• Matendagravidarum: Vutoli limakhala ndi mseru komanso kusanza. Zingayambitse kuchepa kwa thupi ndi kuchepa kwa michere.
• Zakudyazoletsa: Amayi omwe amatsata zakudya zinazake, kuphatikizapo nyama zam'mimba ndi omwe ali ndi vuto losagwirizana ndi zakudya komanso chifuwa, angafunikire kuwonjezera mavitamini ndi michere kuti ateteze kuperewera kwa micronutrient
• Kusuta: Ngakhale ndizofunikira kuti azimayi azipewa ndudu panthawi yapakati, omwe amapitiliza kusuta amakhala ndi michere monga vitamini C ndi folate.
• Angapomimba: Azimayi omwe ali ndi ana opitilira awiri amafunikira zosowa zambiri kuposa azimayi omwe ali ndi mwana m'modzi. Kuwonjezeranso nthawi zambiri kumafunikira kuti mayi ndi ana ake azikhala ndi thanzi labwino.
• Chibadwazosintha ngati MTHFR: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) ndi jini lomwe limasinthira folate kukhala mawonekedwe omwe thupi lingagwiritse ntchito. Amayi apakati omwe ali ndi vuto lachibadwa limeneli angafunikire kuwonjezera ndi mtundu wina wa zochitika kuti apewe zovuta.
• Chakudya choperewera: Amayi omwe amadya kapena kusankha zakudya zopanda michere yambiri amafunika kuwonjezera mavitamini ndi michere kuti apewe zofooka.

Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri ngati omwe ali ku American College of Obstetricians ndipo
Madokotala azachipatala (ACOG) amalimbikitsa kuti anthu onse apakati atenge zowonjezera mavitamini ndi folic acid zowonjezera. Izi zikulangizidwa kuti mudzaze mipata yazakudya ndikupewa kukula kwakubadwa ngati msana wa bifida.

Kutengera ndi momwe zinthu zilili kwa inu, khalani okonzeka kugwira ntchito yowonjezerapo zowonjezera pazomwe mungachite tsiku ndi tsiku ngati akuwongoleredwa ndi omwe amakuthandizani.

Mankhwala azitsamba amatha kuthandizira matenda - mosamala

Kuphatikiza pa micronutrients, zowonjezera zitsamba ndizofala.

Kafukufuku wina wa 2019 adapeza kuti 15.4% ya amayi apakati ku United States amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba. Komabe si onse omwe amaulula kwa asing'anga omwe akuwatenga. (Anapeza pafupifupi 25% ya ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba ku United States samauza ma doc awo.)

Ngakhale mankhwala ena azitsamba atha kukhala otetezeka pathupi, pali zina zambiri zomwe sizingakhale.

Ngakhale zitsamba zina zitha kuthandizira kumatenda apakati okhudzana ndi mimba monga nseru komanso kusokonezeka m'mimba, ena atha kukhala owopsa kwa inu ndi mwana.

Tsoka ilo, palibe kafukufuku wambiri wokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba ndi anthu apakati, ndipo zambiri sizikudziwika za momwe mankhwalawo angakukhudzireni.

Kubetcha kotetezeka kwambiri? Dziwani kuti dokotala wanu amadziwa za kusintha kulikonse pakudya ndi zowonjezera.

Zowonjezera zomwe zimawoneka ngati zotetezeka panthawi yoyembekezera

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mankhwala, dokotala wanu ayenera kuvomereza ndikuwunika michere yonse yazakudya ndi zitsamba kuti zitsimikizike kuti ndizofunikira komanso zimamwedwa mosavutikira.

Nthawi zonse mugule mavitamini kuchokera ku mtundu wodziwika bwino womwe zida zawo zimawunikidwa ndi mabungwe ena ngati United States Pharmacopeia (USP).

Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mavitamini amatsatira miyezo yeniyeni ndipo amakhala otetezeka kutenga. Osatsimikiza kuti ndi ziti zomwe ndizodziwika? Wamasamba wanu akhoza kukuthandizani kwambiri.

1. Mavitamini asanabadwe

Mavitamini apakati pa kubadwa ndi mavitamini omwe amapangidwa makamaka kuti akwaniritse kuchuluka kwa micronutrients panthawi yoyembekezera.

Amapangidwa kuti azitengedwa asanatenge pathupi komanso panthawi yapakati komanso yoyamwitsa.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kuwonjezeranso mavitamini obereka kumachepetsa chiopsezo chobadwa msanga komanso preeclampsia. Preeclampsia ndi vuto lomwe lingakhale loopsa lomwe limadziwika ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso mwina mapuloteni mkodzo.

Ngakhale mavitamini asanabadwe sanapangidwe kuti asinthe gawo lanu labwino, akhoza kuthandizira kupewa mipata yazakudya popereka micronutrients yowonjezera yomwe imafunikira kwambiri panthawi yapakati.

Popeza mavitamini asanabadwe amakhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere yomwe mungafune, kutenga mavitamini kapena michere yowonjezera sikungakhale kofunikira pokhapokha dokotala atakuuzani.

Mavitamini oyembekezera nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ndi madokotala ndipo amapezeka pamtengatenga.

2. Amuna

Folate ndi vitamini B yomwe imagwira gawo limodzi pakupanga kwa DNA, kupanga maselo ofiira ofiira, komanso kukula kwa mwana.

Folic acid ndi mtundu wamankhwala omwe amapezeka muzowonjezera zambiri. Icho chimasandulika kukhala mawonekedwe a folate - L-methylfolate - mthupi.

Ndibwino kuti mutenge ma micrograms osachepera 600 (mcg) a folate kapena folic acid patsiku kuti muchepetse ziwopsezo zamatenda a neural tube ndi zovuta zobadwa nazo monga kupunduka kwa m'kamwa ndi kupindika kwa mtima.

M'maphunziro asanu osaphatikizidwa kuphatikiza azimayi a 6,105, kuphatikiza ndi folic acid tsiku lililonse kumalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chocheperako cha ziphuphu za neural tube. Palibe zovuta zoyipa zomwe zidadziwika.

Ngakhale ma folate okwanira atha kupezeka kudzera pachakudya, azimayi ambiri samadya zakudya zokwanira, ndikupangitsa kuti zowonjezera zizikhala zofunikira.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuti azimayi onse azaka zobereka amadya osachepera 400 mcg wa folate kapena folic acid patsiku.

Izi ndichifukwa choti mimba zambiri sizimakonzekera, ndipo zovuta pobereka chifukwa chakuchepa kwamankhwala zimatha kuchitika ali ndi pakati, ngakhale azimayi ambiri asanadziwe kuti ali ndi pakati.

Kungakhale kwanzeru kwa amayi apakati, makamaka omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini a MTHFR, kuti asankhe chowonjezera chomwe chili ndi L-methylfolate kuti awonetsetse kuti akutengedwa kwambiri.

3. Chitsulo

Kufunika kwa chitsulo kumawonjezeka kwambiri panthawi yapakati, monga kuchuluka kwa magazi kwa amayi kumawonjezeka pafupifupi.

Iron ndi yofunika kwambiri pa mayendedwe a oxygen ndikukula bwino kwa mwana wanu komanso nsengwa.

Ku United States, kufalikira kwa kusowa kwa ayironi mwa amayi apakati ndi pafupifupi 18 peresenti, ndipo 5% ya azimayiwa ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi.

Kuchepa kwa magazi panthawi yapakati kumalumikizidwa ndi kubereka asanakwane, kupsinjika kwa amayi, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi kwa ana.

Zakudya zama 27 milligrams (mg) zachitsulo patsiku zitha kupezeka kudzera mu mavitamini ambiri asanabadwe. Komabe, ngati muli ndi vuto lachitsulo kapena kuchepa kwa magazi, mudzafunika kuchuluka kwa ayironi, woyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala wanu.

Ngati mulibe chitsulo, simuyenera kutenga zochulukirapo kuposa zakumwa zachitsulo kuti mupewe zovuta. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kudzimbidwa, kusanza, komanso kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin modabwitsa.

4. Vitamini D

Vitamini wosungunuka mafuta ndikofunikira kuti chitetezo chamthupi chitetezeke, mafupa, komanso magawano am'magulu.

Kulephera kwa Vitamini D panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati kumalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha magawo obayira, preeclampsia, kubadwa msanga, komanso matenda ashuga.

Mavitamini D omwe akupezeka pakadali pano ali ndi pakati pa 600 IU kapena 15 mcg patsiku. Komabe, munganene kuti mavitamini D amafunikira panthawi yapakati.

Funsani dokotala wanu za kuyezetsa kuchepa kwa vitamini D ndi kuwonjezera koyenera.

5. Magnesium

Magnesium ndi mchere womwe umakhudzidwa ndimitundu yambiri yamankhwala mthupi lanu. Imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pantchito yoteteza thupi, minofu, ndi mitsempha.

Kuperewera kwa mcherewu panthawi yoyembekezera kumatha kuonjezera chiwopsezo cha matenda oopsa komanso kugwira ntchito msanga.

Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti kuwonjezera ndi magnesium kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta monga kulepheretsa kukula kwa fetus komanso kubadwa msanga.

6. Ginger

Muzu wa ginger umakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zonunkhira komanso zowonjezera zitsamba.

Mu mawonekedwe owonjezera, mwina mudamvapo kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza nseru chifukwa cha matenda oyenda, mimba, kapena chemotherapy.

pa maphunziro anayi akuti ginger ndi yotetezeka komanso yothandiza pochiza nseru zomwe zimayambitsa mimba ndikusanza.

Nsautso ndi kusanza ndizofala panthawi yapakati, azimayi amakumana nawo m'nthawi yoyamba ya mimba.

Ngakhale ginger ingathandize kuchepetsa vuto losavomerezeka la mimba, kafukufuku wina amafunika kuti azindikire mulingo woyenera kwambiri. Onaninso dokotala wanu kuti muwone ngati mukufuna.

7. Mafuta a nsomba

Mafuta a nsomba amakhala ndi docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ndi eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), mafuta awiri ofunikira omwe amafunikira pakukula kwa ubongo wa mwana.

Kuphatikiza ndi DHA ndi EPA mukakhala ndi pakati kumatha kukulitsa kukula kwaubongo pambuyo pathupi mwa mwana wanu ndikuchepetsa kukhumudwa kwa amayi, ngakhale kafukufuku pamutuwu sikokwanira.

Ngakhale maphunziro owunikira awonetsa magwiridwe antchito azidziwitso mwa ana azimayi omwe amathandizidwa ndi mafuta a nsomba panthawi yapakati, maphunziro angapo olamulidwa alephera kuwonetsa phindu lofananira.

Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza azimayi 2,399 sanapeze kusiyana pakumvetsetsa kwa makanda omwe amayi awo anali ndi makapisozi a nsomba okhala ndi 800 mg ya DHA patsiku ali ndi pakati, poyerekeza ndi makanda omwe amayi awo sanatero.

Kafukufukuyu adapezanso kuti kuwonjezera mafuta amafuta sikukhudza kukhumudwa kwa amayi.

Komabe, kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti kuwonjezera mafuta amafuta amatetezedwa asanakwane, ndipo umboni wina ukuwonetsa kuti mafuta a nsomba atha kupindulitsa kukula kwa diso la mwana.

Miyezo ya DHA ya amayi ndi yofunikira pakukula koyenera kwa fetus ndikuwonjezera kumawoneka ngati kotetezeka. Oweruza akudziwabe ngati kumwa mafuta a nsomba mukakhala ndi pakati ndikofunikira.

Kuti DHA ndi EPA zizidya, zimalimbikitsa kudya nsomba ziwiri kapena zitatu za nsomba zotsika kwambiri ngati nsomba, sardine, kapena pollock sabata iliyonse.

8. Mapuloteni

Popeza kuwonjezeka kwazidziwitso za m'matumbo, makolo ambiri akuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito maantibiotiki.

Maantibiotiki ndi tizilombo tamoyo tomwe timaganiziridwa kuti timalimbikitsa thanzi m'mimba.

Kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti maantibiotiki omwe ali ndi pakati, ndipo palibe zovuta zoyipa zomwe zadziwika, kupatula chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri chotengera matenda opatsirana.

Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wowerengeka wasonyeza kuti kuwonjezera ndi maantibiotiki kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga, amayi atangobereka kumene, chikanga ndi khanda.

Kafufuzidwe kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka maantibiotiki pakuyembekezera kukupitilizabe, ndipo zambiri zokhudzana ndi gawo la maantibiobio muumoyo wa amayi ndi a fetus zitha kupezeka.

9. Choline

Choline amatenga gawo lofunikira pakukula kwa ubongo wa mwana ndipo amathandizira kupewa zovuta zaubongo ndi msana.

Ndalama zolipiridwa tsiku ndi tsiku za choline panthawi yapakati (450 mg patsiku) zakhala zikuganiziridwa kuti ndizosakwanira ndipo kuti kuyandikira pafupi ndikotheka kwambiri.

Dziwani kuti mavitamini apakati nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda choline. Chowonjezera chosiyana cha choline chitha kulimbikitsidwa ndi dokotala wanu.

Zowonjezera zomwe muyenera kupewa mukakhala ndi pakati

Ngakhale kuwonjezera ndi micronutrients ndi zitsamba ndizotetezeka kwa amayi apakati, ambiri ayenera kupewedwa, kapena kupewa kwambiri.

Nthawi zonse funsani dokotala musanawonjezere zowonjezera zowonjezera kunja kwa mavitamini omwe angakhalepo musanabadwe.

1. Vitamini A

Nthawi zambiri mumapeza vitamini A m'mavitamini anu asanabadwe chifukwa ndi ofunika kwambiri. Ngakhale vitamini iyi ndiyofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa masomphenya a mwana ndi chitetezo chamthupi, zopitilira muyeso vitamini A ikhoza kukhala yovulaza.

Popeza kuti vitamini A ndi mafuta osungunuka, thupi lanu limasunga zochulukirapo m'chiwindi.

Kudzikundikira kumeneku kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa m'thupi ndipo kumawononga chiwindi. Zitha kuchititsanso kupunduka.

Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa vitamini A panthawi yapakati kwawonetsedwa kuti kumayambitsa kubadwa kobadwa nako.

Pakati pa mavitamini asanabadwe ndi zakudya, muyenera kukhala ndi mavitamini A okwanira, ndi zina zowonjezera kunja kwa mavitamini anu asanabadwe sizikulangizidwa.

2. Vitamini E

Vitamini wosungunuka wamafuta amatenga mbali zambiri zofunika mthupi ndipo amatenga nawo gawo pama jini komanso chitetezo chamthupi.

Ngakhale vitamini E ndiyofunika kwambiri paumoyo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musawonjezerepo.

Zowonjezera zowonjezerapo ndi vitamini E sizinawonetsedwe kuti zikuwongolera zotsatira za amayi kapena makanda ndipo m'malo mwake zimawonjezera chiopsezo cham'mimba komanso kutuluka msanga kwa thumba la amniotic.

3. Cohosh wakuda

Mmodzi wa banja la buttercup, black cohosh ndi chomera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kuwongolera kutentha ndi kusamba kwa msambo.

Sizowopsa kutenga zitsamba izi panthawi yapakati, chifukwa zimatha kupangitsa kuti chiberekero chizigunda, chomwe chitha kupangitsa kuti anthu asamagwire ntchito.

Black cohosh yapezeka kuti imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi mwa anthu ena.

4. Zobiriwira

Goldenseal ndi chomera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera pazakudya pochiza matenda opatsirana komanso kutsegula m'mimba, ngakhale kuli kochepa kafukufuku pazotsatira zake komanso chitetezo.

Goldenseal ili ndi mankhwala otchedwa berberine, omwe awonetsedwa kuti amachulukitsa jaundice mwa makanda. Zingayambitse matenda otchedwa kernicterus, mtundu wosowa wa ubongo womwe ungathe kupha.

Pazifukwa izi, pewani kuyika.

5. Dong quai

Dong quai ndi muzu womwe wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zopitilira 1,000 ndipo ndiwotchuka pamankhwala achikhalidwe achi China.

Ngakhale amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza chilichonse kuyambira kukokana msambo mpaka kuthamanga kwa magazi, umboni wokhudzana ndi magwiridwe ake antchito ndi chitetezo sichikupezeka.

Muyenera kupewa dong quai, chifukwa imatha kutulutsa chiberekero, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga padera.

6. Yohimbe

Yohimbe ndi chowonjezera chopangidwa kuchokera ku khungwa lamtengo ku Africa.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala azitsamba pochiza zinthu zingapo kuchokera ku kulephera kwa erectile mpaka kunenepa kwambiri.

Zitsamba siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yapakati, chifukwa zimalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zoyipa monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda amtima, ndi kugwidwa.

7. Mankhwala ena azitsamba amaonedwa ngati osatetezeka panthawi yoyembekezera

Ndibwino kupewa izi:

• adawona palmetto
• tansy
• chofiira chofiira
• angelica
• yarrow
• chowawa
• cohosh wabuluu
• chimakadze
• ephedra
• mugwort

Mfundo yofunika

Mimba ndi nthawi yakukula ndi chitukuko, ndikupangitsa thanzi ndi zakudya kukhala zofunika kwambiri. Kusamalira mwana wamng'onoyo ndiye cholinga.

Ngakhale zowonjezera zina zitha kukhala zothandiza panthawi yoyembekezera, zambiri zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta zake mwa inu ndi mwana wanu.

Chofunika kwambiri, ngakhale kuwonjezera mavitamini ndi michere ingathandize kudzaza mipata yazakudya, zowonjezera siziyenera kusintha njira yodyera komanso moyo wabwino.

Kudyetsa thupi lanu ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kugona mokwanira ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika, ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yoonetsetsa kuti mukukhala ndi pakati kwa inu ndi mwana wanu.

Ngakhale zowonjezerapo zingakhale zofunikira komanso zothandiza nthawi zina, nthawi zonse funsani dokotala wanu za kuchuluka kwa mankhwala, chitetezo, komanso zoopsa ndi zopindulitsa.