Chithandizo Choyembekezeredwa cha Khansa Ya m'mawere Yaikulu: Zinthu 7 Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• 1. Kodi njira zochiritsira zolimbikitsidwa ndi ziti?
• 2. Kodi chithandizo chamankhwala chimasiyana motani ndi chemotherapy wamba?
• 3. Kodi chithandizo chamankhwala chimapangidwa bwanji?
• 4. Kodi njira zochiritsira zovomerezeka ndi ziti ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?
• 5. Ndani amene akufuna kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala?
• 6. Kodi pali zoperewera zamankhwalawa?
• 7. Kodi zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa ndi ziti?

Kuzindikira kwatsopano pa genome ya khansa kwadzetsa njira zatsopano zothandizira khansa ya m'mawere. Gawo lodalitsika la chithandizo cha khansa limazindikiritsa ndikuukira ma cell a khansa moyenera. Nazi zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri zomwe muyenera kudziwa za gulu latsopanoli la mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

1. Kodi njira zochiritsira zolimbikitsidwa ndi ziti?

Njira zochiritsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsa ntchito zambiri zamtundu wanu komanso zomanga thupi kuti muteteze, kuzindikira, ndikuchiza khansa. Mankhwalawa amayesetsa kulimbana ndi maselo a khansa popanda kuwononga maselo athanzi.

2. Kodi chithandizo chamankhwala chimasiyana motani ndi chemotherapy wamba?

Chemotherapy yokhazikika imagwira ntchito popha ma khansa abwinobwino komanso mwachangu. Njira zochiritsira zakonzedwa kuti zilepheretse kufalikira kwa zolimbana ndi khansa.

Maselo a khansa ndi osiyana ndi maselo athanzi. Njira zochiritsira zomwe zimayang'aniridwa zitha kuzindikira ma cell a khansa ndikuwononga kapena kulepheretsa kukula kwawo popanda kuvulaza maselo omwe si a khansa. Chithandizo chamtundu ichi chimawerengedwa ngati mtundu wa chemotherapy, ngakhale umagwira mosiyana. Njira zochiritsira zomwe zimayang'aniridwa zimakhalanso ndi zovuta zochepa kuposa mankhwala wamba a chemotherapy.

3. Kodi chithandizo chamankhwala chimapangidwa bwanji?

Gawo loyamba pakupanga chithandizo chamankhwala ndikuzindikira ma molekyulu omwe amathandizira pakukula kwa khansa ndi kupulumuka. Chikhomo chikazindikirika, mankhwala amapangidwa omwe amalepheretsa kupanga kapena kupulumuka kwamaselo a khansa. Izi zitha kuchitika pochepetsa ntchito za chikhomo kapena kuletsa kuti zizimangiriza kwa wolandila zomwe zimayambitsa.

4. Kodi njira zochiritsira zovomerezeka ndi ziti ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

• Njira zochizira mahomoni amachepetsa kapena kulepheretsa kukula kwa zotupa zomwe zimakhudza mahomoni zomwe zimafuna kuti mahomoni ena akule.
• Signal transduction inhibitors amalepheretsa zochitika za mamolekyulu omwe amatenga nawo mbali pakusintha kwa ma siginolo, momwe selo limayankhira zikwangwani zozungulira.
• Ma modulators ofotokozera Gene(GEM) sinthani ntchito ya mapuloteni omwe amathandizira kuwongolera majini.
• Othandizira a Apoptosis amachititsa kuti maselo a khansa adye apoptosis, njira yomwe amafa nayo.
• Angiogenesis zoletsa kulepheretsa kukula kwa mitsempha yatsopano, potero kumaletsa kuperekera magazi koyenera kuti zotupa zikule.
• Ma Immunotherapies zimayambitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuwononga maselo a khansa.
• Ma antibodies a monoclonal (mAb kapena moAb) perekani mamolekyulu owopsa kuti alondole ndikupha ma cell amtundu wa khansa pochita ngati maginito kuti awapeze ndi iwo ndikuletsa kuberekana kwawo.

5. Ndani amene akufuna kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala?

US Food and Drug Administration ikavomereza mankhwala ena ake, amafotokozera momwe angagwiritsire ntchito. Amatanthauzanso yemwe ali woyenera kulandira chithandizo. Nthawi zambiri, njira zochiritsira zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza anthu omwe ali ndi kusintha kwakomwe komwe chithandizocho chitha kuzindikira. Amagwira ntchito kuti awononge kapena aletse maselo a khansa akusinthako. Chithandizo chofunikira chingakhale chosankha kwa anthu omwe khansa yawo sinayankhe mankhwala ena, yafalikira, kapena siyabwino kuchitidwa opaleshoni.

6. Kodi pali zoperewera zamankhwalawa?

Maselo a khansa amatha kulimbana ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala kuti mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito asagwire ntchito. Ngati ndi choncho, chotupacho chimatha kupeza njira yatsopano yopezera kukula komwe sikudalira chandamale. Nthawi zina, chithandizo chamankhwala chingagwire ntchito bwino pophatikiza njira ziwiri kapena zingapo zamankhwala achikhalidwe.

7. Kodi zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa ndi ziti?

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri zamankhwalawa ndi monga:

• kufooka
• nseru
• kusanza
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kupweteka mutu
• zovuta
• kupuma
• totupa

Zotsatira zina zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kutsitsa tsitsi, mavuto a magazi kugundana ndi machiritso a zilonda, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.