Kodi Teratoma ndi Chiyani?

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Mitundu ya ma teratomas
• Zizindikiro za teratoma
• Sacrococcygeal (tailbone) teratoma
• Matenda a ovarian teratoma
• Matenda a teratoma
• Zomwe zimayambitsa Teratoma
• Chiphunzitso cha amapasa
• Matenda ndi khansa
• Sacrococcygeal (tailbone) teratoma
• Matenda a ovarian teratoma
• Matenda a teratoma
• Kuzindikira ma teratomas
• Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT)
• Matenda a ovarian teratoma
• Matenda a teratoma
• Chithandizo cha Teratoma
• Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT)
• Matenda a ovarian teratoma
• Matenda a teratoma
• Maganizo ake

Chidule

Teratoma ndi mtundu wosowa wa chotupa chomwe chimatha kukhala ndimatenda athunthu ndi ziwalo, kuphatikiza tsitsi, mano, minofu, ndi mafupa. Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mchira, thumba losunga mazira, ndi machende, koma amatha kupezeka kwina kulikonse mthupi.

Matendawa amatha kuwoneka mwa ana akhanda, ana, kapena akulu. Amakonda kwambiri akazi. Teratomas nthawi zambiri amakhala oopsa mwa ana obadwa kumene, komabe angafunikire kuchotsedwa opaleshoni.

Mitundu ya ma teratomas

Matendawa amafotokozedwa kuti ndi okhwima kapena osakhwima.

• Matenda okhwima nthawi zambiri amakhala oopsa (osati a khansa). Koma amatha kukula atachotsedwa opaleshoni.
• Ma teratomas omwe sanakhwime nthawi zambiri amatha kukhala khansa yoyipa.

Ma teratomas okhwima amadziwika kuti:

• cystic: yotsekedwa m'thumba lake lokhala ndi madzi
• olimba: opangidwa ndi minofu, koma osadzitsekera
• osakanikirana: okhala ndi ziwalo zolimba komanso zotupa

Ma cystic teratomas okhwima amatchedwanso dermoid cysts.

Zizindikiro za teratoma

Matendawa samatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo poyamba. Zizindikiro zikayamba, zimatha kukhala zosiyana kutengera komwe teratoma ili. Malo omwe amapezeka kwambiri ma teratomas ndi mchira (coccyx), mazira, ndi machende.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka m'matope ambiri ndi monga:

• ululu
• kutupa ndi kutuluka magazi
• magulu okwera pang'ono a alpha-feroprotein (AFP), chikhomo cha zotupa
• misinkhu yokwera pang'ono ya mahomoni beta-anthu chorionic gonadotropin (BhCG)

Nazi zina mwazizindikiro zamtundu wa teratoma:

Sacrococcygeal (tailbone) teratoma

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) ndi imodzi yomwe imayamba ku coccyx kapena tailbone. Ndi chotupa chofala kwambiri chomwe chimapezeka mwa ana obadwa kumene ndi ana, komabe ndizosowa kwathunthu. Imapezeka pafupifupi 1 mwa ana aliwonse 35,000 mpaka 40,000.

Izi teratoma imatha kumera panja kapena mkati mthupi m'dera la mchira. Kupatula misa yowonekera, zizindikilo zake ndi izi:

• kudzimbidwa
• kupweteka m'mimba
• pokodza kwambiri
• kutupa m'dera la pubic
• kufooka mwendo

Amapezeka kawirikawiri mwa atsikana akhanda kuposa anyamata. Pakafukufuku wina wa 2015 wa odwala omwe amathandizidwa ndi ma SCT kuchipatala cha Thailand kuyambira 1998 mpaka 2012, kuchuluka kwa akazi ndi amuna kunali.

Matenda a ovarian teratoma

Chizindikiro cha ovarian teratoma ndikumva kupweteka kwambiri m'chiuno kapena pamimba. Izi zimabwera chifukwa cha kupindika kwa ovary (ovarian torsion) chifukwa cha kukula.

Nthawi zina ovarian teratoma imatha kutsagana ndi zovuta zomwe zimadziwika kuti NMDA encephalitis. Izi zitha kubweretsa mutu wopweteka kwambiri komanso zizindikilo zamaganizidwe amisala kuphatikiza kusokonezeka ndi psychosis.

Matenda a teratoma

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha testicular teratoma ndi chotupa kapena kutupa machende. Koma sizikuwonetsa zisonyezo.

Matenda a testicular amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa zaka 20 mpaka 30, ngakhale atha kuchitika msinkhu uliwonse.

Zomwe zimayambitsa Teratoma

Matendawa amabwera chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimachitika pakukula kwa thupi, zomwe zimakhudza momwe ma cell anu amasiyanitsira komanso kuchita bwino.

Matendawa amapezeka m'maselo oyambilira a thupi lanu, omwe amapangidwa molawirira kwambiri mwana wosabadwayo.

Ena mwa maselo a majeremusi achikale ameneŵa amakhala maselo anu opangira umuna ndi dzira. Koma ma cell a majeremusi amathanso kupezeka kwina kulikonse mthupi, makamaka mdera la tailbone ndi mediastinum (nembanemba yopatula mapapo).

Maselo a majeremusi ndi mtundu wa selo lotchedwa pluripotent. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amatha kusiyanitsa mtundu uliwonse wamaselo apadera omwe amapezeka mthupi lanu.

Lingaliro lina la ma teratomas limanena kuti vutoli limayambira m'maselo oyambilirawa. Izi zimatchedwa chiphunzitso cha parthenogenic ndipo tsopano ndi lingaliro lofala.

Ikufotokozera momwe ma teratomas amapezekera ndi tsitsi, sera, mano, komanso amatha kuwoneka ngati mwana wakhanda. Kupezeka kwa ma teratomas kumanenanso kuti adachokera m'maselo akale a majeremusi.

Chiphunzitso cha amapasa

Mwa anthu, mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa teratoma ukhoza kuwoneka, wotchedwa fetus in fetu (fetus mkati mwa mwana wosabadwayo).

Teratoma iyi imatha kuwoneka ngati mwana wosakhazikika. Zimapangidwa ndi minofu yamoyo. Koma popanda kuthandizidwa ndi placenta ndi sac amniotic, mwana wosakhwima alibe mwayi wokula.

Chiphunzitso chimodzi chimafotokoza mwana wosabadwayo mu fetu teratoma ngati zotsalira za mapasa omwe sanathe kukula m'mimba, ndipo adazunguliridwa ndi thupi la mwana wotsalayo.

Lingaliro lotsutsa limafotokozera mwana wosabadwayo mwa fetu ngati chotupa chokhacho chotukuka. Koma kukula kwakukulu kumalimbikitsa malingaliro amapasa.

Fetus mu fetu amakula m'mapasa omwe onse:

• ali ndi thumba lawo la amniotic fluid (diamniotic)
• gawani nsengwa yomweyo (monochorionic)

Mwana wosabadwayo mu fetu teratoma amapezeka nthawi zambiri ali wakhanda. Zitha kuchitika kwa ana kapena amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. M'matopewa amapezeka mwana asanafike miyezi 18.

Matenda ambiri m'matumbo a fetu samakhala ndimaganizo. Koma 91% ali ndi msana, ndipo 82.5% ali ndi masamba amiyendo.

Matenda ndi khansa

Kumbukirani kuti ma teratomas amadziwika kuti ndi okhwima (nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta) kapena osakhwima (mwina khansa). Mpata wa khansa umatengera komwe thupi limapezekera.

Sacrococcygeal (tailbone) teratoma

Ma SCT amakhala osakhwima pafupifupi nthawiyo. Koma ngakhale zosaopsa zimafunikira kuchotsedwa chifukwa cha kukula kwake, komanso kuthekera kokukula kwina. Ngakhale ndizosowa, sacrococcygeal teratoma nthawi zambiri imapezeka mwa akhanda.

Matenda a ovarian teratoma

Matenda ambiri ovuta amakhala okhwima. Matenda ovuta ovarian teratoma amadziwikanso kuti dermoid cyst.

Pafupifupi ma teratomas okhwima omwe ali ndi khansa. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa amayi m'zaka zawo zobereka.

Matenda osakhwima (owopsa) ovarian teratomas ndi ochepa. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa atsikana ndi atsikana mpaka zaka 20.

Matenda a teratoma

Pali mitundu iwiri yotakata ya testicular teratoma: pre- ndi pambuyo pa kutha msinkhu. Matenda asanakwane msinkhu kapena ana amakhala okhwima komanso osachita khansa.

Matenda otupa msinkhu atha msinkhu (wamkulu) ndi oopsa. Pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu mwa amuna omwe amapezeka ndi teratoma wamkulu amawonetsa kufalikira kwa khansa.

Kuzindikira ma teratomas

Kuzindikira ndikupeza kumatengera komwe teratoma ili.

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT)

Matenda akuluakulu a sacrococcygeal teratomas nthawi zina amapezeka pakuwunika kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pobadwa.

Chizindikiro chofala ndikutupa kwa mafupa a mchira, komwe akatswiri azachipatala amayang'ana m'makhanda.

Dokotala wanu angagwiritse ntchito X-ray ya mafupa a m'mimba, ultrasound, ndi CT kuti athandizire kupeza teratoma. Kuyezetsa magazi kumathandizanso.

Matenda a ovarian teratoma

Okhwima ovarian teratomas (dermoid cysts) nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi zizindikiro. Amapezeka nthawi zambiri pamayeso azachipatala.

Nthawi zina zotupa zazikuluzikulu zimayambitsa kupindika kwa ovary (ovarian torsion), komwe kumatha kubweretsa kupweteka m'mimba kapena m'chiuno.

Matenda a teratoma

Matenda a testicular nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwangozi poyesa machende a zowawa zoopsa. Ma teratomas amakula mwachangu ndipo sangakhale ndi zizindikilo poyamba.

Matenda awiri owopsa komanso owopsa nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kupweteka kwa testicular.

Dokotala wanu amayesa mayeso anu kuti amve ngati ali ndi atrophy. Unyinji wolimba ungakhale chizindikiro cha nkhanza. Kuyezetsa magazi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni BhCG ​​ndi AFP. Kujambula kwa ultrasound kungathandize kuzindikira momwe teratoma ikuyendera.

Kuti muwone ngati khansa yafalikira mbali zina za thupi, dokotala wanu akupemphani ma X-ray pachifuwa ndi pamimba. Kuyezetsa magazi kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyang'ana ngati pali zotupa.

Chithandizo cha Teratoma

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT)

Ngati teratoma imapezeka pamatumbo, dokotala wanu amayang'anitsitsa mimba yanu.

Ngati teratoma ikadali yaying'ono, amakonzekera njira yoberekera. Koma ngati chotupacho ndi chachikulu kapena pali amniotic madzimadzi owonjezera, dokotala wanu mwina akukonzekera kubereka koyambirira koyambirira.

Nthawi zambiri, opaleshoni ya fetus imafunika kuchotsa SCT isanayambitse mavuto owopsa.

SCTs zomwe zimadziwika pobadwa kapena pambuyo pake zimachotsedwa ndi opaleshoni. Ayenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino, chifukwa pali kubwereranso m'zaka zitatu.

Ngati teratoma ndi yoyipa, chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi opaleshoni. Kuwonjezeka kwamankhwala ndi chemotherapy amakono.

Matenda a ovarian teratoma

Okhwima ovarian teratomas (dermoid cysts) amachotsedwa ndi opaleshoni ya laparoscopic, ngati chotupacho ndi chaching'ono. Izi zimaphatikizapo kudula pang'ono pamimba kuti muike mawonekedwe ndi chida chochepa chodulira.

Chiwopsezo chochepa cha kuchotsedwa kwa laparoscopic ndikuti chotupacho chimatha kuboola ndikutulutsa zinthu zopota. Izi zitha kuyambitsa kuyankha kotupa kotchedwa mankhwala peritonitis.

Nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira kuchotsa gawo kapena ovary yonse. Kusamba ndi kusamba kudzapitilira kuchokera mchiberekero china.

Mwa 25% ya milandu, ma cymo dermoid amapezeka m'mazira onse awiri. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotaya chonde.

Ma teratomas osakhwima omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa atsikana mpaka azaka zoyambira 20. Ngakhale ma teratomaswa atapezeka kuti apita patsogolo, nthawi zambiri amachiritsidwa ndi maopaleshoni ndi chemotherapy.

Matenda a teratoma

Kuchotsa opaleshoni ya machende nthawi zambiri ndi mankhwala oyamba a teratoma aka khansa.

Chemotherapy siyothandiza kwenikweni ku testicular teratoma. Nthawi zina pamakhala kusakanikirana kwa teratoma ndi minofu ina ya khansa yomwe imafunikira chemotherapy.

Kuchotsa machende kumakhudza thanzi lanu logonana, kuchuluka kwa umuna, komanso chonde. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mankhwala opitilira umodzi, choncho kambiranani zosankha zanu ndi dokotala wanu.

Maganizo ake

Matendawa amapezeka kawirikawiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala oopsa. Chithandizo cha matenda a khansa chatukuka m'zaka zaposachedwa, chifukwa chake ambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa. Kudzidziwitsa nokha pazomwe mungachite ndikuwona akatswiri odziwa zambiri ndiye chitsimikizo chanu chazabwino.