Papillary Carcinoma ya Chithokomiro

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro
• Kodi zimayambitsa zotani papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro?
• Kuyesera ndikuzindikira khansa ya chithokomiro papillary
• Kuyesa magazi
• Ultrasound
• Kujambula chithokomiro
• Chisokonezo
• Kukhazikitsa khansa ya chithokomiro papillary
• Anthu ochepera zaka 45
• Anthu azaka zopitilira 45
• Chithandizo cha papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro
• Opaleshoni
• Thandizo la radiation
• Cheza Kunja
• Ma radiation amkati
• Chemotherapy
• Chithandizo cha mahomoni a chithokomiro
• Chithandizo chofuna
• Kodi malingaliro a khansa ya chithokomiro papillary ndi otani?

Kodi papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro ndi chiyani?

Chithokomiro ndimtundu wa gulugufe ndipo chimakhala pamwamba pa khosi lanu pakatikati pakhosi panu. Ntchito yake ndikutulutsa mahomoni omwe amayang'anira kagayidwe kanu ndi kakulidwe kanu.

Ziphuphu zachilendo pakhosi lanu zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha vuto la chithokomiro. Nthawi zambiri, chotupacho chimakhala chosaopsa komanso chopanda vuto lililonse. Kungakhale kuchuluka kwa maselo owonjezera a chithokomiro omwe apanga minofu yambiri. Nthawi zina chotupacho chimakhala papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro.

Pali mitundu isanu ya khansa ya chithokomiro. Papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri. Khansara imapezeka kwambiri kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 45.

Papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro ndi khansa yomwe ikukula pang'onopang'ono yomwe imangokhala ndi lobe imodzi yokha ya chithokomiro. Khansa iyi ikagwidwa kumene imayamba kumene.

Zizindikiro za papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro

Papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanda tanthauzo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ilibe zisonyezo. Mutha kumva chotupa pa chithokomiro chanu koma ma nodule ambiri omwe ali pachithokomiro alibe khansa. Koma ngati mukumva chotupa, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wanu. Adzakupatsani mayeso ndikuitanitsa mayeso azowunika ngati kuli kofunikira.

Kodi zimayambitsa zotani papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro?

Zomwe zimayambitsa papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro sizikudziwika. Pakhoza kukhala kusintha kwakubadwa komwe kumakhudzidwa koma kafukufuku wambiri amafunika kutsimikizira izi.

Vuto lina lomwe limayambitsa matendawa ndikutulutsa mutu, khosi, kapena chifuwa. Izi zidachitika nthawi zambiri zaka za 1960 zisanafike pomwe ma radiation anali mankhwala wamba ngati ziphuphu ndi ma toni otupa. Nthawi zina ma radiation amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa zina.

Anthu omwe akumana ndi ngozi za nyukiliya kapena amakhala makilomita 200 kuchokera ku ngozi ya nyukiliya ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Angafunike kumwa potaziyamu iodide kuti achepetse chiopsezo chotenga khansa.

Kuyesera ndikuzindikira khansa ya chithokomiro papillary

Dokotala wanu amatha kudziwa papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso osiyanasiyana. Kuyezetsa kuchipatala kudzawonetsa kutupa kulikonse kwa chithokomiro ndi minofu yapafupi. Dokotala wanu amatha kuyitanitsa chithokomiro chabwino cha singano. Ichi ndi chidziwitso chomwe dokotala amatenga minofu kuchokera ku chotupa cha chithokomiro chanu. Minofuyi imayesedwa pansi pa microscope ya maselo a khansa.

Kuyesa magazi

Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso amwazi kuti awone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni otulutsa chithokomiro (TSH). TSH ndi hormone yomwe imatulutsa chifuwa cha pituitary, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mahomoni a chithokomiro atuluke. TSH yochulukirapo kapena yocheperako ndiye chifukwa chodandaulira. Zitha kuwonetsa matenda amtundu wa chithokomiro, koma sizodziwika kwenikweni pamtundu uliwonse, kuphatikiza khansa.

Ultrasound

Katswiri amapanga ultrasound ya chithokomiro chanu. Kuyesaku kumapangitsa dokotala wanu kuwona kukula ndi mawonekedwe a chithokomiro chanu. Adzathanso kuzindikira mitsempha iliyonse ndikuzindikira ngati ali olimba kapena odzazidwa ndi madzi. Mitundu yodzaza ndi madzi nthawi zambiri si khansa, pomwe olimba amakhala ndi mwayi wambiri wakupha.

Kujambula chithokomiro

Dokotala wanu angafunenso kupanga sikani ya chithokomiro. Pochita izi, mumeza utoto wochepa kwambiri womwe ma cell anu a chithokomiro amatenga. Kuyang'ana dera la nodule pa scan, dokotala wanu adzawona ngati "kukutentha" kapena "kukuzizira." Minyewa yotentha imatenga utoto wambiri kuposa minofu ya chithokomiro yoyandikana nayo ndipo nthawi zambiri si khansa. Mitsempha yamagulu ozizira satenga utoto wambiri ngati minofu yoyandikana nayo ndipo imatha kukhala yoyipa.

Chisokonezo

Dokotala wanu amapanga kachilombo kuti apeze kachidutswa kakang'ono kuchokera ku chithokomiro chanu. Kuzindikira kotsimikizika kumatheka pambuyo poti minofu yayesedwa ndi microscope. Izi zithandizanso kudziwa mtundu wa khansa ya chithokomiro yomwe ilipo.

Dokotala wanu adzachita kafukufukuyu pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa aspiration aspiration. Kapenanso amatha kuchitidwa opareshoni ngati angafunike mtundu wokulirapo. Pochita opaleshoni, dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amachotsa gawo lalikulu la chithokomiro ndipo amatha kuchotsa gland yonse ngati kuli kofunikira.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala musanayese kuyesa kapena kuyesa kwina ngati muli ndi nkhawa kapena mafunso. Dokotala wanu ayenera kukufotokozerani za mankhwala, ngati alipo, omwe mungafunike mutachitidwa opaleshoni.

Kukhazikitsa khansa ya chithokomiro papillary

Mukazindikira, dokotala wanu adzayambitsa khansa. Kusanthula ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito momwe madotolo amagawira kukula kwa matenda ndi chithandizo chofunikira.

Kuyika khansa ya chithokomiro ndikosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya khansa. Pali magawo 1 mpaka 4, kuti akweze mwamphamvu. Kuyika masitepe kumaganiziranso zaka za munthu komanso kamtundu wa khansa yake ya chithokomiro. Kuyika khansa ya chithokomiro papillary ndi izi:

Anthu ochepera zaka 45

• gawo 1: Chotupacho ndi chachikulu chilichonse, chikhoza kukhala chithokomiro, ndipo chitha kufalikira kumatenda ndi ma lymph node apafupi. Khansara siinafalikire mbali zina za thupi.
• Gawo 2: Chotupacho ndi chachikulu kukula ndipo khansara yafalikira mbali zina za thupi monga mapapo kapena fupa. Zitha kufalikira kumatenda am'mimba.

Palibe gawo lachitatu kapena gawo 4 la anthu ochepera zaka 45 omwe ali ndi khansa ya chithokomiro cha papillary.

Anthu azaka zopitilira 45

• gawo 1: Chotupacho chili pansi pa 2 sentimita (cm) ndipo khansa imangopezeka mu chithokomiro.
• Gawo 2: Chotupacho chimakhala chachikulu kuposa 2 cm koma chocheperapo ndi 4 cm ndipo chimangopezeka mu chithokomiro.
• Gawo 3: Chotupacho chatha 4 cm ndipo chakula pang'ono kunja kwa chithokomiro, koma sichinafalikire kumatenda oyandikira kapena ziwalo zina. Kapenanso, chotupacho ndi kukula kwake ndipo mwina chimakula pang'ono kunja kwa chithokomiro ndikufalikira kumatenda ozungulira chithokomiro m'khosi. Sinafalikire kumatenda ena am'mimba kapena ziwalo zina.
• siteji 4: Chotupacho ndi kukula kwake ndipo chafalikira mbali zina za thupi monga mapapo ndi mafupa. Zitha kufalikira kumatenda am'mimba.

Chithandizo cha papillary carcinoma ya chithokomiro

Malinga ndi Mayo Clinic, chithandizo chamankhwala cha khansa ya chithokomiro papillary chimaphatikizapo:

• opaleshoni
• mankhwala a radiation, kuphatikizapo radioactive ayodini therapy (NCI)
• chemotherapy
• mankhwala a chithokomiro
• chithandizo chothandizira

Ngati khansara ya chithokomiro ya papillary sinasinthe kapena kufalikira, opaleshoni ndi ayodini wamagetsi ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri.

Opaleshoni

Ngati mwachitidwa opareshoni ya khansa ya chithokomiro, mutha kuchotsa gawo lanu kapena chithokomiro chanu chonse. Dokotala wanu adzachita izi popanga khosi lanu mukakhala pansi. Ngati dokotala akuchotsani chithokomiro chonse, muyenera kutenga mahomoni owonjezera a chithokomiro kwa moyo wanu wonse kuti musamalire hypothyroidism.

Thandizo la radiation

Pali mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya mankhwalawa: kunja ndi mkati. Kutulutsa kwakunja kumaphatikizapo makina kunja kwa thupi omwe amatumiza cheza chakuthupi. Kutentha kwa mkati, mankhwala a ayodini (radioiodine), amabwera mumadzi kapena mapiritsi.

Cheza Kunja

Kuchepetsa kwa ma radiation ndi mankhwala omwe amatsogolera matabwa a X-ray kudera la khansa. Chithandizochi chimakhala chofala kwa mitundu ina, yowopsa ya khansa ya chithokomiro. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati khansa ya chithokomiro ya papillary imafalikira kuchokera ku chithokomiro kapena ngati chiopsezo cha opareshoni chili chachikulu.

Kuchepetsa ma radiation kunja kungaperekenso chithandizo chothandizira pakakhala mankhwala osatheka. Mankhwala opatsirana amathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikilo, koma sizingakhudze khansa.

Ma radiation amkati

Kuti apange mahomoni a chithokomiro, maselo amtundu wa chithokomiro amatenga ayodini m'magazi ndikuyigwiritsa ntchito popanga hormone. Palibe gawo lina la thupi lanu lomwe limayika ayodini motere. Maselo a chithokomiro omwe ali ndi khansa akamayamwa ayodini ya radioactive, imapha ma cellwo.

Thandizo la radioactive la ayodini limaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowononga radio I-131. Mutha kulandira mankhwalawa kuchipatala chifukwa mankhwala a I-131 amabwera m'madzi kapena kapisozi. Ambiri mwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi radioactive amachokera m'thupi lanu pasanathe sabata.

Chemotherapy

Mankhwala a chemotherapy amaletsa maselo a khansa kugawanika. Mudzalandira mankhwalawa kudzera mu jakisoni.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amalimbana ndi mitundu ina yamaselo a khansa. Dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kusankha mankhwala omwe ali oyenera kwa inu.

Chithandizo cha mahomoni a chithokomiro

Thandizo la mahomoni ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amachotsa mahomoni kapena amalepheretsa zochita zawo ndikuletsa maselo a khansa kuti asakule. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa thupi lanu kupanga mahomoni olimbikitsa chithokomiro. Awa ndi mahomoni omwe amachititsa kuti khansa ipange pachithokomiro.

Anthu ena omwe chithokomiro chawo chidachotsedwa pang'ono amamwa mapiritsi obwezeretsa mahomoni chifukwa chithokomiro chawo sichingathe kupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro okwanira.

Chithandizo chofuna

Mankhwala othandizira omwe amafunidwa amafufuza mawonekedwe ena am'magazi a khansa, monga kusintha kwa majini kapena mapuloteni, ndikudziphatika kuma cell amenewo. Mankhwalawa akagwiritsidwa ntchito, amatha kupha ma cell kapena kuthandizira njira zina, monga chemotherapy, kuti igwire ntchito bwino.

Mankhwala ovomerezeka a khansa ya chithokomiro ndi vandetanib (Caprelsa), cabozantinib (COMETRIQ), ndi sorafenib (Nexavar).

Kodi malingaliro a khansa ya chithokomiro papillary ndi otani?

Maganizo a khansa ya chithokomiro papillary ndiabwino kwambiri ngati mupezeka msanga. Kuzindikira msanga ndikofunikira pochiza matendawa. Onani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo mukawona zotupa zilizonse kuzungulira dera lanu.