Thrombophilia: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zingayambitse thrombophilia
• 1. Zifukwa zopezedwa
• 2. Zotengera zobadwa nazo
• Zomwe mayeso ayenera kuchitidwa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Thrombophilia ndi mkhalidwe womwe anthu zimawavuta kupanga magazi kuundana, zomwe zimawonjezera ngozi za mavuto akulu monga venous thrombosis, stroko kapena pulmonary embolism, mwachitsanzo. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kutupa mthupi, kutupa kwa miyendo kapena kupuma movutikira.

Kuundana komwe kumapangidwa ndi thrombophilia kumabwera chifukwa michere yamagazi, yomwe imapangitsa kuundana, kusiya kugwira ntchito bwino. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa chobadwa nacho, chifukwa cha majini, kapena zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha zomwe zimapezeka pamoyo wonse, monga kutenga mimba, kunenepa kwambiri kapena khansa, ndipo mwayi ungawonjezeke chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga njira zakumwa zakumwa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Thrombophilia imawonjezera mwayi wa thrombosis wopangidwa m'magazi, chifukwa chake, zizindikilo zimatha kuchitika pakagwa zovuta zina m'thupi, monga:

• Mitsempha yakuya: kutupa kwa gawo lina lagalasi, makamaka miyendo, yotupa, yofiira komanso yotentha. Mvetsetsani tanthauzo la thrombosis komanso momwe mungazindikire;
• Kuphatikizika kwa pulmonary: kupuma movutikira komanso kupuma movutikira;
• Sitiroko: kutayika mwadzidzidzi kwa kayendedwe, kalankhulidwe kapena masomphenya, mwachitsanzo;
• Thrombosis mu latuluka kapena umbilical chingwe: Kutaya padera mobwerezabwereza, mavuto obadwa msanga komanso kutenga pakati, monga eclampsia.

Nthawi zambiri, munthu samadziwa kuti ali ndi thrombophilia mpaka kutuluka mwadzidzidzi, amataya mimba pafupipafupi kapena mavuto ali ndi pakati. Zimakhalanso zachizolowezi kuwonekera kwa anthu okalamba, popeza kufooka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ukalamba kumathandizira kuyambitsa kwa zizindikilo.

Zomwe zingayambitse thrombophilia

Matenda osokoneza magazi omwe amapezeka mu thrombophilia amatha kupezeka moyo wonse, kapena kukhala wobadwa nawo, kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana, kudzera mu majini. Chifukwa chake, zoyambitsa zazikulu zimaphatikizapo:

1. Zifukwa zopezedwa

Zomwe zimayambitsa thrombophilia ndi:

• Kunenepa kwambiri;
• Mitsempha ya varicose;
• Kuphulika kwa mafupa;
• Mimba kapena puerperium;
• Matenda a mtima, infarction kapena mtima kulephera;
• Matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena cholesterol;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga kulera pakamwa kapena kusintha kwa mahomoni. Mvetsetsani momwe njira zakulera zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha thrombosis;
• Khalani pabedi masiku ambiri, chifukwa cha opaleshoni, kapena kuchipatala;
• Kukhala nthawi yayitali paulendo wapandege kapena wamabasi;
• Matenda osokoneza bongo, monga lupus, nyamakazi kapena antiphospholipid syndrome;
• Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda monga HIV, hepatitis C, chindoko kapena malungo, mwachitsanzo;
• Khansa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amachulukitsa mwayi wa thrombophilia, monga khansa, lupus kapena HIV, mwachitsanzo, ayenera kutsatiridwa kudzera pakuyezetsa magazi, nthawi iliyonse akabwerera ndi dokotala yemwe amatsatira. Kuphatikiza apo, kupewa thrombosis, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu podziteteza, monga kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda ashuga ndi cholesterol, kuphatikiza pakunama kapena kuyimirira kwakanthawi pamaulendo, nthawi yapakati, puerperium kapena kuchipatala.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera pakamwa kuyenera kupewedwa ndi azimayi omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha thrombophilia, monga omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda ashuga kapena mbiri yakusintha kwa magazi.

2. Zotengera zobadwa nazo

Zomwe zimayambitsa kubadwa kwa thrombophilia ndi:

• Kuperewera kwa ma anticoagulants achilengedwe mthupi, otchedwa protein C, protein S ndi antithrombin, mwachitsanzo;
• Kutsekemera kwakukulu kwa homocysteine ​​amino acid;
• Kusintha kwa maselo omwe amapanga magazi, monga kusintha kwa Leiden factor V;
• Mavitamini owonjezera amwazi omwe amachititsa kuti magazi aziundana, monga factor VII ndi fibrinogen, mwachitsanzo.

Ngakhale thrombophilia wobadwa nawo amapatsirana ndi chibadwa, pali njira zina zodzitetezera zomwe zingatetezedwe kuti zisapangidwe kuundana, komwe kuli kofanana ndi kwa thrombophilia yopezeka. Pazovuta kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a anticoagulant kungasonyezedwe ndi hematologist atayesa vuto lililonse.

Zomwe mayeso ayenera kuchitidwa

Kuti apeze matendawa, dokotala kapena hematologist ayenera kukayikira zamankhwala komanso mbiri yamabanja ya munthu aliyense, komabe mayesero ena monga kuchuluka kwa magazi, magazi m'magazi komanso cholesterol akhoza kulamulidwa kuti atsimikizire ndikuwonetsa mankhwala abwino.

Pamene cholowa cha thrombophilia chikukayikiridwa, makamaka ngati zizindikilo zimatha kubwerezabwereza, kuwonjezera pamayesowa, kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme oyambitsa magazi amafunsidwa kuti awone milingo yawo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Mankhwala a thrombophilia amachitika mosamala kupewa thrombosis, monga kupewa kuyimirira kwa nthawi yayitali pamaulendo, kumwa mankhwala a anticoagulant mukakhala kuchipatala kapena mutachitidwa opareshoni, makamaka kuwongolera matenda omwe amachulukitsa chiwopsezo cha kuundana, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda ashuga komanso kunenepa kwambiri, mwachitsanzo. Pokhapokha ngati mukudwala kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zonse kumawonetsedwa.

Komabe, munthuyo atakhala kale ndi ziwonetsero za thrombophilia, deep vein thrombosis kapena pulmonary embolism, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amkamwa anticoagulant kwa miyezi ingapo, monga Heparin, Warfarin kapena Rivaroxabana, mwachitsanzo. Kwa amayi apakati, mankhwalawa amachitika ndi jakisoni wa anticoagulant ndipo ndikofunikira kukhala mchipatala masiku angapo.

Pezani mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso zomwe amapangira.