Type 3 Diabetes ndi Matenda a Alzheimer: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Kulumikizana pakati pa matenda ashuga ndi Alzheimer's
• Zomwe zimayambitsa komanso zoopsa za matenda ashuga amtundu wa 3
• Zizindikiro za mtundu wa 3 shuga
• Kuzindikira mtundu wa 3 shuga
• Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 3
• Chiyembekezo cha mtundu wachitatu wa matenda ashuga
• Kupewa mtundu wa 3 shuga

Kodi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachitatu ndi otani?

Matenda a shuga (omwe amatchedwanso DM kapena matenda a shuga mwachidule) amatanthauza zaumoyo pomwe thupi lanu limavutika kusintha shuga kukhala mphamvu. Nthawi zambiri, timaganizira za mitundu itatu ya matenda ashuga:

• Mtundu wa 1 shuga (T1DM) ndi matenda osachiritsika pomwe gawo lanu lamatenda am'mimba limatulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono ta insulin, ndipo mulingo wa shuga m'magazi anu umakhala wokwera kwambiri.
• Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga (T2DM) ndiwosachiritsika pomwe thupi lanu limatha kukana insulin, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu kumakhala kotukuka kwambiri chifukwa cha izi.
• Gestational diabetes (GDM) ndi DM yomwe imachitika panthawi yapakati, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri panthawiyi.

Kafukufuku wina adafotokoza kuti matenda a Alzheimer's ayeneranso kusankhidwa ngati mtundu wa matenda ashuga, otchedwa mtundu wa 3 shuga.

"Matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 3" awa ndi mawu omwe akuti akufotokozera lingaliro loti matenda a Alzheimer's, omwe amayambitsa matenda amisala, amayambitsidwa ndi mtundu wa insulin wokana ndi insulin ngati kukula komwe kumachitika makamaka muubongo .

Vutoli lakhala likugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi ena kufotokoza anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso amapezekanso ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Magulu amtundu wa matenda ashuga amtunduwu ndiwotsutsana kwambiri, ndipo sizovomerezeka kwambiri ndi azachipatala ngati matenda azachipatala.

Matendawa omwe ali pamwambapa "mtundu wa 3 wa shuga" sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi mtundu wa 3c shuga (womwe umatchedwanso T3cDM, matenda a shuga a pancreatogenic, ndi mtundu wa 3c shuga).

Mphunoyi imakhala ndi zotupa za endocrine ndi exocrine, ndipo zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Insulin ndi amodzi mwa mahomoni omwe maselo a beta-islet ku Islets of Langerhans, omwe ndi minofu yam'mimba yam'mimba, amatulutsa ndikutulutsa.

Pancreas ya exocrine ikadwala kenako ndikuyambitsa chipongwe chachiwiri kwa kapangidwe ka endocrine komwe kumadzetsa DM, iyi ndi T3cDM. Matenda a pancreatic omwe angayambitse T3cDM amaphatikizapo matenda monga:

• matenda kapamba
• cystic fibrosis
• khansa ya pancreatic

Pitilizani kuwerenga kuti mupeze zomwe timadziwa komanso zomwe sitidziwa za "mtundu wachitatu wa shuga." Ndipo chonde kumbukirani kuti izi siziyenera kusokonezedwa ndi mtundu wa 3c shuga.

Kulumikizana pakati pa matenda ashuga ndi Alzheimer's

Malinga ndi Chipatala cha Mayo, pali kale mgwirizano pakati pa matenda a Alzheimer's and type 2 diabetes. Adanenedwa kuti Alzheimer's ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi kukana kwa insulin muubongo wanu. Anthu ena amati matenda a Alzheimer amangokhala "matenda ashuga muubongo wanu."

Izi zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi sayansi kumbuyo kwake, koma ndizochepa chabe.

Popita nthawi, matenda ashuga osachiritsidwa amatha kuwononga mitsempha yanu, kuphatikiza zotengera muubongo wanu. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 sakudziwa kuti ali ndi vutoli, lomwe lingachedwetse kuzindikira komanso njira zoyenera zochiritsira.

Chifukwa chake, iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2, makamaka matenda ashuga omwe sanazindikiridwe, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotere.

Matenda a shuga amathanso kuyambitsa kusamvana kwamankhwala muubongo wanu, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa matenda a Alzheimer's. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumabweretsa kutupa, komwe kumatha kuwononga ma cell aubongo.

Pazifukwa izi, matenda ashuga amawoneka ngati chiopsezo cha matenda otchedwa dementia ya mtima. Matenda a dementia ndiwodziyimira payokha wokhala ndi zizindikiritso zake, kapena chitha kukhala chenjezo la zomwe zingadzakhale kukumana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's.

Sayansi ya njirayi siyikudziwika. Pakadali pano, zomwe zakhazikitsidwa ndikuti pali milandu ya matenda a Alzheimer's ndi mitundu ina ya dementia yomwe ilibe chiwonetsero chilichonse chokhudzana ndi kukana kwa insulin.

Zomwe zimayambitsa komanso zoopsa za matenda ashuga amtundu wa 3

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2016, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 atha kukhala ndi mwayi wokwanira 60 peresenti yokhala ndi matenda a Alzheimer's kapena mtundu wina wamatenda amisala, monga matenda am'mimba.

Izi zidakhudza anthu opitilira 100,000 okhala ndi matenda amisala. Idawonetsa kuti azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 ali ndi mwayi wambiri wokhala ndi vuto la misala kuposa amuna.

Zowopsa za matenda amtundu wa 2 ndi awa:

• mbiri yakubadwa ndi matenda ashuga
• kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa)
• kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa kwambiri
• matenda ena osachiritsika, monga kukhumudwa ndi polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

Zizindikiro za mtundu wa 3 shuga

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga amtundu wa 3 amafotokozedwa kuti ndi zizindikilo za matenda amisala, monga omwe amawoneka koyambirira kwa matenda a Alzheimer's.

Malinga ndi Alzheimer's Association, izi ndi monga:

• kukumbukira kukumbukira komwe kumakhudza moyo watsiku ndi tsiku komanso mayanjano
• zovuta kumaliza ntchito zodziwika bwino
• kusokoneza zinthu nthawi zambiri
• kuchepa kutha kupanga ziweruzo kutengera chidziwitso
• kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa umunthu kapena mawonekedwe

Kuzindikira mtundu wa 3 shuga

Palibe mayeso enieni a mtundu wachitatu wa matenda ashuga. Matenda a Alzheimer amapezeka kuti atengera:

• kuyeza kwamitsempha
• mbiri yazachipatala
• kuyezetsa magazi

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzafunsa mafunso angapo okhudza mbiri ya banja lanu komanso zomwe mukudziwa.

Kujambula maphunziro, monga MRI ndi CT scans pamutu, kumatha kukupatsani mwayi wothandizira zaumoyo chithunzi cha momwe ubongo wanu ukugwirira ntchito. Kuyeza kwa madzi m'thupi kumatha kuyang'ananso zizindikilo za Alzheimer's.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zamtundu wa 2 matenda a shuga ndi Alzheimer's ndipo simunapezeke ndi amodzi, omwe amakuthandizani azaumoyo atha kuyitanitsa kuyesa kwa magazi mwachangu komanso kuyesa hemoglobin ya glycated.

Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, ndikofunika kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwalawa msanga. Kuchiza matenda amtundu wa 2 kungachepetse kuwonongeka kwa thupi lanu, kuphatikiza ubongo wanu, ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwa Alzheimer's kapena dementia.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 3

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira anthu omwe ali ndi:

• chisanachitike mtundu wa 2 shuga
• mtundu wa 2 shuga
• Matenda a Alzheimer's

Kusintha kwa moyo wanu, monga kusintha zakudya zanu komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku, atha kukhala gawo lalikulu la chithandizo chanu.

Nawa maupangiri owonjezera othandizira:

Ngati mukukhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri, yesetsani kutaya 5 mpaka 7 peresenti ya thupi lanu, malinga ndi Mayo Clinic. Izi zitha kuthandiza kuyimitsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi shuga wambiri wamagazi ndipo zitha kuletsa kupita patsogolo kwa DM-DM2 mpaka DM2.

Zakudya zopanda mafuta ambiri komanso zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zitha kuthandiza kusintha zizindikilo.

Ngati mumasuta, kusiya utsi kumalimbikitsidwa chifukwa kungathandizenso kuthana ndi vuto lanu.

Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 komanso Alzheimer's, chithandizo cha matenda anu amtundu wa 2 ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kukula kwa matenda amisala.

Metformin ndi insulin ndi mankhwala odana ndi matenda a shuga omwe amachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga omwe amachititsa kuti ubongo uwonongeke, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2014.

Mankhwala akuchipatala amapezeka kuti athetse zidziwitso za matenda aubongo a Alzheimer's, koma pali kusatsimikizika ngati zingakhudze kwambiri zizindikilo za matenda a Alzheimer's.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors monga donepezil (Aricept), galantamine (Razadyne), kapena rivastigmine (Exelon) atha kulembedwa kuti apititse patsogolo momwe maselo amthupi amalumikizirana.

Memantine (Namenda), wotsutsa wa NMDA-receptor, amathanso kuthandizira kuchepetsa zizindikilo ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa matenda a Alzheimer's.

Zizindikiro zina za Alzheimer's ndi mitundu ina ya dementia, monga kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro ndi kukhumudwa, zitha kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala a psychotropic. Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana komanso mankhwala oletsa nkhawa ndi mbali ya chithandizo nthawi zina.

Anthu ena angafunikire kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa matenda a psychotic pambuyo pake pakadwala matenda amisala.

Chiyembekezo cha mtundu wachitatu wa matenda ashuga

Mtundu wa shuga wa 3 ndi njira yofotokozera za Alzheimer's zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi insulin kukana mkati mwa ubongo. Chifukwa chake, malingaliro anu amasiyanasiyana kutengera zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza chithandizo cha matenda ashuga komanso kuuma kwa matenda anu aumtima.

Ngati mutha kuchiza matenda anu ashuga ndi zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso mankhwala, ofufuza omwe amalimbikitsa kuti azindikire matenda amtundu wa 3 akuwonetsa kuti mutha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa matenda a Alzheimer's or vasement dementia, koma umboni ulibe chitsimikizo.

Maganizo anu amasiyananso kutengera momwe matenda anu adadziwikira posachedwa komanso zomwe amakupatsani zaumoyo akuganiza pankhani yanu. Chithandizo chikangoyamba kumene, mwina ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi malingaliro abwino.

Malinga ndi chipatala cha Mayo, chiyembekezero chokhala ndi moyo kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi Alzheimer's ndi pafupifupi zaka 3 mpaka 11 kuyambira nthawi yomwe amapezeka. Koma anthu ena omwe ali ndi Alzheimer's amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 20 atadwala.

Kupewa mtundu wa 3 shuga

Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 kale, pali njira zomwe mungawongolere ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wachitatu.

Nazi zina mwa njira zotsimikizika zothanirana ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo:

• Yesetsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kanayi pa sabata kwa mphindi 30 patsiku.
• Yesetsani kudya zakudya zabwino zopanda mafuta ambiri, mapuloteni ambiri, komanso fiber.
• Onetsetsani mosamala shuga wanu wamagazi malinga ndi zomwe wothandizirayo akukulangizani.
• Tengani mankhwala oyenera panthawi yake komanso pafupipafupi.
• Onetsetsani kuchuluka kwama cholesterol anu.
• Sungani kulemera kwanu kwathanzi.