Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Tsitsi ndi Kuopsa kwa Khansa ya M'mawere

Zamkati

• Izi Zikutanthauza
• Kodi Muyenera Kuda Nkhawa Motani?
• Onaninso za

Kuyambira kumwa mowa pafupipafupi mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito e-ndudu, pali mitundu yonse yazikhalidwe zomwe zingayambitse chiopsezo cha khansa. Chinthu chimodzi chomwe simukuganiza kuti ndi chowopsa? Zopangira tsitsi zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Koma kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti mitundu ina ya chithandizo cha tsitsi imatha kulumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa ya m'mawere. (Nazi zizindikiro 11 za khansa ya m'mawere mayi aliyense ayenera kudziwa.)

Kafukufuku watsopano wofalitsidwa mu International Journal ya Khansa ndipo omwe amathandizidwa ndi National Institutes of Health akuwonetsa kuti azimayi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito utoto wokhazikika wa tsitsi komanso zowongolera tsitsi amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere, poyerekeza ndi azimayi omwe sagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Kuti apeze lingaliro lawo, ofufuza adawunikanso zambiri kuchokera ku kafukufuku wopitiliza wotchedwa Sister Study, womwe umaphatikizapo azimayi pafupifupi 47,000 omwe alibe khansa ya m'mawere omwe alongo awo apezeka ndi matendawa. Azimayi, omwe anali azaka zapakati pa 35-74 akulembetsa, poyamba adayankha mafunso okhudza thanzi lawo ndi zizolowezi zawo zamoyo (kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala atsitsi). Kenako adapatsa ofufuza zosintha pazaumoyo wawo komanso moyo wawo pazaka zisanu ndi zitatu zotsatiridwa. Ponseponse, zomwe zapezedwa zikuwonetsa kuti amayi omwe adanena kuti amagwiritsa ntchito utoto wokhazikika watsitsi anali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere ndi 9 peresenti kuposa amayi omwe sananene kuti akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Azimayi aku Africa-America, makamaka, amawoneka kuti akukhudzidwa kwambiri: Kafukufukuyu adati gulu la azimayi lidawonjezeka ndi 45% pachiwopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere poyerekeza ndi chiopsezo cha 7% pakati pa azungu. Ngakhale sizikudziwikiratu chifukwa chake panali chiwopsezo chokulirapo pakati pa azimayi akuda, ofufuzawo adalemba kuti zitha kukhala chifukwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazinthu zatsitsi-makamaka zomwe zitha kukhala ndi mankhwala ena owopsa a khansa-zimagulitsidwa kwa azimayi amitundu.

Ofufuzawo apezanso kulumikizana pakati pa zowongolera tsitsi (mankhwala: keratin mankhwala) ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Poterepa, chiwopsezo sichinasiyane malinga ndi mtundu. Kutengera ndi zomwe zafotokozedwazo, kugwiritsa ntchito chowongolera mankhwala kumalumikizidwa ndi 18% chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa ya m'mawere kudera lonselo, ndipo chiwopsezo chidakwera mpaka 30 peresenti kwa iwo omwe amati amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owongolera mankhwala milungu isanu ndi isanu ndi itatu yonse. Ngakhale ziwopsezo sizimawoneka kuti zakhudzidwa ndi mafuko, azimayi akuda mu kafukufukuyu amatha kunena kuti amagwiritsa ntchito zowongoka izi (74% poyerekeza ndi 3% ya azungu azungu).

Zachidziwikire, kafukufukuyu anali ndi malire. Olembawo adawona kuti onse omwe adatenga nawo gawo anali ndi mbiri yakubanja ya khansa ya m'mawere, kutanthauza kuti zotsatira zawo sizingagwire ntchito kwa iwo omwe alibe mbiri yabanja. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza azimayiwo adadziwonetsa okha kuti amagwiritsa ntchito utoto watsitsi wanthawi zonse ndi zowongola mankhwala, kukumbukira kwawo zizolowezizo mwina sikunali kolondola kwenikweni ndipo kukadatha kupotoza zotsatira, ofufuzawo adalemba. Poganizira zonsezi, olembawo adamaliza kunena kuti kafukufuku wina akuyenera kuchitidwa kuti athe kuzindikira mgwirizano wapakati pa zopangidwazo ndi chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere.

Izi Zikutanthauza

Ngakhale kuti ofufuza sangatchule ndendende zomwe mu mankhwala amenewa zingawonjezere chiopsezo cha amayi ku khansa ya m'mawere, akuganiza kuti amayi angafune kuganiziranso za kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wokhazikika wa tsitsi.

"Timakumana ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zingayambitse khansa ya m'mawere, ndipo sizingatheke kuti chinthu chimodzi chimafotokoza kuopsa kwa amayi," wolemba nawo kafukufuku Dale Sandler, Ph.D. adatero m'mawu ake. "Ngakhale kuti kwatsala pang'ono kupereka malingaliro olimba, kupewa mankhwalawa kungakhale chinthu chimodzi chomwe amayi angachite kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere." (Kodi mumadziwa kuti palinso kulumikizana pakati pa kugona ndi khansa ya m'mawere?)

Kutembenuka, aka sikoyamba kuphunzira kutulutsa mbendera zofiira pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito utoto wokhazikika wa tsitsi ndi mankhwala ena azitsitsi. Kafukufuku wa 2017 wofalitsidwa munyuzipepala yazachipatala Carcinogenesis anayang'ana azimayi 4,000 azaka zapakati pa 20 mpaka 75, kuphatikiza azimayi omwe anali ndi khansa ya m'mawere komanso omwe sanakhale ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Amayiwo adapatsa ofufuza zambiri za zomwe amapangira tsitsi, kuphatikiza ngati amagwiritsa ntchito utoto wa tsitsi, zotsitsimula mankhwala, zowongola mankhwala, komanso zopaka zozama. Ofufuza adatinso pazinthu zina monga mbiri yakubala komanso thanzi la munthu.

Kugwiritsira ntchito utoto watsitsi wakuda (wakuda kapena wakuda) kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi 51 peresenti kunawonjezera chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere mwa amayi a ku Africa-America ndipo 72 peresenti yowonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere ya estrogen-receptor-positive (mtundu umene umakula poyankha hormone estrogen) pakati pa akazi aku Africa-America. Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala otsitsimula kapena owongolera kunagwirizanitsidwa ndi 74 peresenti yowonjezera chiopsezo pakati pa akazi oyera. Ngakhale izi zikumveka zowopsa, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti mitundu yeniyeni yokha ya zinthu zomwe zidapezeka kuti zingakhudze chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere, ndipo ndizo: a zotheka zotsatira, osati chifukwa chotsimikizika ndi zotsatira.

Ponseponse, Carcinogenesis Olemba kafukufuku adazindikira kuti zomwe adatenga kuchokera pofufuza ndikuti mankhwala ena opangira tsitsi - kuphatikiza omwe azimayi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kunyumba kudzipangira okha - ali ndi ubale ndi chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere (kachiwiri, TBD pazatsatanetsatane wa ubalewo) ndi kuti ili ndi gawo lomwe liyenera kufufuzidwa mu kafukufuku wina.

Ndipo poganizira pali wina JAMA Mankhwala Amkati Kafukufuku yemwe adapeza kuti zovuta zoyipa kuchokera ku * mitundu yonse * ya zinthu zodzikongoletsa-kuphatikizapo zodzoladzola, chisamaliro cha khungu, ndi chisamaliro cha tsitsi-zikuchulukirachulukira, zikuwoneka zofunikira koposa kale kusamala ndi zomwe mumavala ndi kuzungulira thupi lanu.

Kodi Muyenera Kuda Nkhawa Motani?

Choyamba, tiyenera kudziwa kuti izi sizapezekanso kumanzere. "Zotsatira izi sizodabwitsa," atero a Marleen Meyers, M.D., director of the Survivorship Program ku NYU Langone's Perlmutter Cancer Center, ya Carcinogenesis ndipo JAMA Mankhwala Amkati maphunziro. “Kukhudzana ndi chilengedwe ndi zinthu zina kwakhala kukuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa,” akutero. Kwenikweni, kudziwonetsera nokha kumankhwala omwe amadziwika kapena omwe akukayikira kuti ndi khansa si lingaliro labwino konse. (Ichi mwina ndicho chifukwa chake amayi ambiri aganizira kale za mankhwala a keratin nthawi zonse.) Mitundu ya tsitsi, makamaka, imakhala ndi mankhwala ambiri (oposa 5,000 osiyanasiyana akugwiritsidwa ntchito panopa, malinga ndi National Cancer Institute), choncho ndi bwino kuyang'anitsitsa. zosakaniza mu utoto uliwonse kapena zinthu zotsitsimutsa zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito kunyumba, pogwiritsa ntchito chida chodziwika bwino monga nkhokwe ya Environmental Working Group's Skin Deep kapena Cosmeticsinfo.org.

Komabe, akatswiri akuti pakufunika kafukufuku wina asananene kuti ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu komanso ngati anthu ayenera kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wosatha kapena mankhwala owongolera mankhwala. "Ndikuganiza kuti ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsimikizira kuti kafukufuku yemwe amayang'aniridwa ndi milandu (kutanthauza kafukufuku yemwe amafanizira mozama anthu omwe adachitapo khansa ya m'mawere ndi omwe alibe) sangathe kukhazikitsa chifukwa," atero a Maryam Lustberg, MD, khansa ya m'mawere ku The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital ndi Richard J. Solove Research Institute. Maphunzirowa amalepheretsedwanso chifukwa choti amadalira kukumbukira kwa omwe akutenga nawo mbali pazithandizo ndi zinthu zomwe agwiritsa ntchito, kutanthauza kuti ndizotheka kuti zonse zomwe amapereka sizinali zolondola. (Mukuyang'ana kuti mubwezeretse nduna zanu zokongola ndi zinthu zoyera? Nazi zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri zokongola zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwiradi ntchito.)

Chotengera chenicheni apa, zikuwoneka, ndikuti ngati mukuyesera kukhala tcheru za chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ya m'mawere, lingakhale lingaliro labwino kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuti mukhale ndi mtendere wamumtima. Koma kuyambira pano, palibe umboni wokwanira wotsimikizira kuti inuayenera lekani kuzigwiritsa ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali zinthu zina zomwe mungaganizire ngati mukudandaula za khansa. "Tikudziwa kuti pali zambiri zomwe zingachitike kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere ndi mitundu ina ya khansa, kuphatikiza kukhala ndi mndandandanda wathanzi wathanzi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, kupewa kuwonongedwa ndi dzuwa, kuchepetsa mowa, komanso kusiya kusuta," akutero Dr. Meyers.

Onaninso za