, kuzungulira kwa moyo ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Matendawa amapezeka bwanji
• Mayendedwe amoyo Wuchereria bancrofti
• Momwe mungapewere
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

THE Wuchereria bancrofti, kapena W. bancrofti, ndi tiziromboti tomwe timayambitsa matenda a mitsempha yotchedwa lymphatic filariasis, yotchedwa elephantiasis, yomwe ndi matenda ofala kwambiri kumadera otentha komanso achinyezi, makamaka kumpoto ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Brazil.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timafalikira kudzera mwa kuluma kwa udzudzu wa mtunduwo Culex sp. ali ndi kachilomboka, kamene kamatulutsa mphutsi zopatsira magazi m'magazi a munthuyo akamapita ku zotengera zam'mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuyankha kotupa komanso zizindikilo za ma lymphatic filariasis, monga kutupa kwa mwendo, mkono, kapena dera lina lanyama pomwe tizilomboto tili alipo, malungo ndi kupweteka kwa minofu, mwachitsanzo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Anthu ena atha kutenga kachilomboka W. bancrofti ndipo sakusonyeza zizindikilo za matenda, chifukwa munthawi imeneyi nyongolotsi zazikulu zimatha kufa ndikuchotsedwa, osayamba kuzindikiranso. Komabe, anthu ena atha kukhala ndi zizindikilo za matenda, omwe ndi awa:

• Malungo;
• Kuzizira;
• Kuwonjezeka mwanabele, pamene tiziromboti ukufika unyolo zamitsempha;
• Kutupa kwa malekezero, odziwika kuti elephantiasis, omwe amatha kukhudza miyendo, makamaka machende kapena mabere;
• Kukhalapo kwa ziwerengero ndi ziphuphu chifukwa cha imfa ya majeremusi akuluakulu;
• Wonjezerani kuchuluka kwa eosinophil m'magazi, otchedwa eosinophilia, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chakupezeka kwa tiziromboti mthupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndizothekanso kuti anthu ena amatenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a bakiteriya amtunduwu Mzere sp., Popeza kachilombo ka W. bancrofti amachititsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezeke. Onani zina mwa zizindikiro za matendawa Wuchereria bancrofti.

Matendawa amapezeka bwanji

Matendawa amapezeka ndi Wuchereria bancrofti zimachitika kudzera m'mayeso a labotale, popeza kuti kuzindikiridwa kudzera zizindikirazo kumakhala kovuta, chifukwa matendawa amatha kukhala opanda chizindikiro kapena kukhala ndi zizindikilo zofanana ndi matenda ena.

Kufufuza kwa labotale kumachitika kudzera pakufufuza kwa microfilariae m'magazi am'mimba, ndikofunikira kuti kusonkhanitsa magazi kuchitike usiku, chifukwa ndi usiku pomwe tizilomboto timapezeka m'magazi ochulukirapo, kulola kuti azindikire.

Akatha kusonkhanitsa, magazi amatumizidwa ku labotale kuti akawasanthule kudzera mu dontho lakuda, yomwe ndi njira yomwe imalola kuwona ndi kuwerengera kwa microfilariae pakati pama cell amwazi. Kuphatikiza apo, njira zina zowunikira zitha kuchitidwa, monga PCR ndi mayeso amthupi kuti azindikire ma antigen kapena ma antibodies motsutsana ndi tiziromboti.

Mayendedwe amoyo Wuchereria bancrofti

Wuchereria bancrofti ili ndi mitundu iwiri yosinthika, microfilaria ndi nyongolotsi wamkulu. Microfilaria imafanana ndi mtundu wa ana a tiziromboti ndipo ndi mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka m'magazi ndi ma lymph node, pomwe mawonekedwe akuluakulu a tizilomboto amapezeka m'mitsempha yama lymphatic ndikupanga microfilariae yambiri, yomwe imatulutsidwa m'magazi.

THE Wuchereria bancrofti imakhala ndi magawo awiri a moyo, umodzi mu udzudzu ndi wina mwa anthu. Udzudzuwo Culex quinquefasciatus, ikaluma munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka, imayambitsa microfilariae, yotchedwanso L1, yomwe imakula kwa masiku 14 mpaka 21 m'matumbo a udzudzu mpaka gawo la L3 kenako imasamukira kukamwa.

Mukaluma munthu wina, udzudzu umafalitsa mphutsi ya L3, yomwe imasamukira kuzombo zam'mimba ndikukula mpaka gawo la L5, lomwe limafanana ndi msinkhu wakukula ndi kukhwima. Mphutsi ya L5, itatha nthawi yokwanira, imayamba kumasula microfilariae yomwe ikuzungulira m'magazi.

Momwe mungapewere

Kupewa matenda mwa Wuchereria bancrofti Kudzera mu njira zopewera kuberekana ndi kuluma kwa udzudzu womwe umafalitsa matendawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma musketeers, kugwiritsa ntchito zotetezera komanso kupewa madzi oyimirira, mwachitsanzo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuyika ndalama paukhondo wazachilengedwe, chifukwa ndizotheka kupewa udzudzu.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha W. bancrofti ziyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi malangizo a dokotala, nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito Diethylcarbamazine kwa masiku pafupifupi 12. Chida ichi ndiye choyenera kwambiri kuthana ndi tiziromboti, chifukwa chimagwira motsutsana ndi nyongolotsi wamkulu komanso motsutsana ndi microfilariae.

Nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito Ivermectin kungalimbikitsidwenso, komabe mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito polimbana ndi nyongolotsi zazikulu, koma ndi microfilariae.