Matenda am'mapapo

Matenda am'mapapo ndi vuto lililonse m'mapapu lomwe limalepheretsa mapapu kugwira ntchito moyenera. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu yamatenda am'mapapo:

1. Matenda apampweya - Matendawa amakhudza timachubu (mayendedwe apandege) omwe amanyamula mpweya ndi mpweya wina kulowa ndi kutuluka m'mapapu. Nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kuchepa kapena kutsekeka kwa mayendedwe ampweya. Matenda apamtunda amaphatikizapo mphumu, COPD ndi bronchiectasis. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda am'mlengalenga nthawi zambiri amati amamva ngati "akuyesera kupuma kudzera mu udzu."
2. Matenda am'mapapo - Matendawa amakhudza kapangidwe ka minofu yam'mapapo. Kukhwima kapena kutupa kwa minofu kumapangitsa kuti mapapo asakule kwathunthu (matenda oletsa m'mapapo). Izi zimapangitsa kuti mapapu atenge mpweya wabwino ndikutulutsa carbon dioxide. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lamapapu nthawi zambiri amati amamva ngati "akuvala juzi kapena chovala cholimba kwambiri." Zotsatira zake, samatha kupuma mwamphamvu. Pulmonary fibrosis ndi sarcoidosis ndi zitsanzo za matenda am'mapapo.
3. Matenda oyenda m'mapapo - Matendawa amakhudza mitsempha yam'mapapu. Zimayambitsidwa ndi kutseka magazi, zipsera, kapena kutupa kwa mitsempha. Zimakhudza kuthekera kwamapapu kutenga mpweya ndikutulutsa carbon dioxide. Matendawa amathanso kukhudza kugwira ntchito kwa mtima. Chitsanzo cha matenda opatsirana m'mapapu ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo. Anthu omwe ali ndi mikhalidwe imeneyi nthawi zambiri samamva kupuma akamadzipereka.

Matenda ambiri am'mapapo amaphatikiza kuphatikiza mitundu itatu iyi.

Matenda ambiri am'mapapo ndi awa:

• Mphumu
• Kutha kwa gawo kapena mapapo onse (pneumothorax kapena atelectasis)
• Kutupa ndi kutupa m'magawo akulu (ma bronchial machubu) omwe amatengera mpweya kumapapu (bronchitis)
• COPD (matenda osokoneza bongo osokonezeka)
• Khansa ya m'mapapo
• Matenda a m'mapapo (chibayo)
• Kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi m'mapapu (pulmonary edema)
• Mitsempha yamapapo yotsekedwa (pulmonary embolus)

• Matenda osokoneza bongo - akulu - amatulutsa
• COPD - mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• COPD - mankhwala othandizira mwachangu

• Misa ya pulmonary - mbali yoyang'ana chifuwa x-ray
• Mimba yam'mapapo, mapapo akumanja - CT scan
• Mimba ya mapapo, mapapo akumanja chakumanja - x-ray pachifuwa
• Mapapo ndi khansa ya squamous cell - CT scan
• Utsi wosuta ndi khansa ya m'mapapo
• Matenda achikasu achikasu
• Dongosolo kupuma

Kraft M. Njira kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda opuma. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 77.

Adalandira PT, Innes JA. Mankhwala opuma. Mu: Ralston SH, ID ya Penman, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, olemba. Mfundo ndi Zochita za Mankhwala a Davidson. Wachitatu. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 17.