Anti-glomerular chapansi nembanemba matenda

Matenda a anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM matenda) ndi matenda osowa omwe amatha kupangitsa kuti impso ziziyenda mwachangu komanso matenda am'mapapo.

Mitundu ina yamatenda imangokhudza mapapo kapena impso. Matenda a anti-GBM amadziwika kuti Goodpasture syndrome.

Matenda a anti-GBM ndimatenda amthupi okha. Zimachitika pamene chitetezo cha mthupi molakwika chimagunda ndikuwononga minofu yabwinobwino ya thupi. Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimawononga mapuloteni otchedwa collagen m'matumba ang'onoang'ono am'mapapu ndi magawo a sefa (glomeruli) a impso.

Zinthu izi zimatchedwa antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies. Kakhungu kam'chipinda chapansi panthaka ndi gawo la impso zomwe zimathandiza kusefa zinyalala ndi madzi owonjezera am'magazi. Maantiblomerular basement membrane antibodies ndi ma antibodies olimbana ndi nembanemba. Zitha kuwononga nembanemba yapansi, zomwe zingayambitse impso.

Nthawi zina, vutoli limayamba chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana a ma virus kapena kupuma mu zotsekemera za hydrocarbon. Zikatero, chitetezo cha mthupi chimatha kuwononga ziwalo kapena zotupa chifukwa zimawalakwitsa chifukwa cha ma virus kapena mankhwala akunja.

Yankho lolakwika la chitetezo cha mthupi limayambitsa kutuluka magazi m'matumba am'mapapu ndi kutupa m'magawo osefera a impso.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuchitika pang'onopang'ono pakadutsa miyezi kapenanso zaka, koma nthawi zambiri zimayamba msanga masiku angapo mpaka milungu.

Kutaya njala, kutopa, ndi kufooka ndizizindikiro zoyambirira.

Zizindikiro zam'mapapo zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Kutsokomola magazi
• Chifuwa chowuma
• Kupuma pang'ono

Impso ndi zizindikiro zina zimaphatikizapo:

• Mkodzo wamagazi
• Kumva kutentha mukakodza
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Khungu lotumbululuka
• Kutupa (edema) m'dera lililonse la thupi, makamaka m'miyendo

Kupimidwa kwakuthupi kumatha kuwonetsa zizindikilo za kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi. Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala amatha kumva phokoso lachilendo pamtima ndi m'mapapo akamamvera pachifuwa ndi stethoscope.

Zotsatira za urinalysis nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosazolowereka, ndipo zimawonetsa magazi ndi mapuloteni mumkodzo. Maselo ofiira ofiira amatha kuwoneka.

Mayesero otsatirawa atha kuchitidwanso:

• Kuyezetsa magazi kwa m'chipinda chapansi
• Magazi amitsempha yamagazi
• BUNI
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Creatinine (seramu)
• Chifuwa chamapapo
• Kusokoneza impso

Cholinga chachikulu ndikuchotsa ma antibodies oyipa m'magazi. Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo:

• Plasmapheresis, yomwe imachotsa ma antibodies owopsa othandiza kuchepetsa kutupa mu impso ndi mapapo.
• Mankhwala a Corticosteroid (monga prednisone) ndi mankhwala ena, omwe amalepheretsa kapena kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Mankhwala monga angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors ndi angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Dialysis, yomwe imatha kuchitika ngati kulephera kwa impso sikungathenso kuchiritsidwa.
• Kuika impso, komwe kumatha kuchitika impso zanu zikapanda kugwira ntchito.

Mutha kuuzidwa kuti muchepetse kudya mchere ndi madzi kuti muchepetse kutupa. Nthawi zina, zakudya zama protein otsika pang'ono zimatha kulimbikitsidwa.

Izi zitha kukupatsani chidziwitso chambiri chokhudzana ndi matenda a GBM:

• National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Impso Diseases - www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/glomerular-diseases/anti-gbm-goodpastures-disease
• National Impso Foundation - www.kidney.org/atoz/content/goodpasture
• National Organisation for Rare Disways - rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/goodpasture-syndrome

Kuzindikira msanga ndikofunikira kwambiri. Maganizo ake ndi oyipa kwambiri ngati impso zawonongeka kale mankhwala akayamba. Kuwonongeka kwamapapo kumatha kukhala kofewa mpaka kovuta.

Anthu ambiri amafunikira dialysis kapena impso kumuika.

Popanda kuchiritsidwa, vutoli limatha kubweretsa izi:

• Matenda a impso
• Matenda omaliza a impso
• Kulephera kwa mapapo
• Glomerulonephritis yopita patsogolo mofulumira
• Kutaya magazi kwambiri m'mapapo (kutuluka magazi m'mapapu)

Funsani nthawi yokumana ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati mukupanga mkodzo wochepa, kapena muli ndi zizindikiro zina za matenda oletsa GBM.

Osanunkhiza guluu kapena kupopera mafuta ndi pakamwa panu, zomwe zimawonetsa mapapu ake kuti asungunuke ndi ma hydrocarbon solvent ndipo atha kuyambitsa matendawa.

Matenda a Goodpasture; Glomerulonephritis wopita patsogolo mwachangu m'mapapo mwanga wamagazi; Matenda a impso; Glomerulonephritis - m'mapapo mwanga kukha magazi

• Magazi a impso
• Glomerulus ndi nephron

Collard HR, King TE, Schwarz MI. Kutsekeka kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi ndi matenda osowa olowerera. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 67.

Phelps RG, Turner AN. Anti-glomerular chapansi nembanemba matenda ndi matenda a Goodpasture. Mu: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, olemba. Chachikulu Chachipatala Nephrology. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 24.

Radhakrishnan J, Appel GB, D'Agati VD. Matenda achiwiri a glomerular. Mu: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, olemba. Brenner ndi Rector a Impso. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 32.