Mitral valve yayenda

Mitral valve prolapse ndimavuto amtima okhudzana ndi mitral valavu, yomwe imalekanitsa zipinda zakumtunda ndi zapansi kumanzere kwa mtima. Momwemonso, valavu siyitseka mwachizolowezi.

Valavu ya mitral imathandizira magazi kumanzere kwa mtima kuyenda mbali imodzi. Amatseka kuti magazi asayende chammbuyo mtima ukagunda (contract).

Mitral valve prolapse ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe valavu siyitseka bwino. Zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Nthawi zambiri, zimakhala zopanda vuto. Vutoli silimakhudza thanzi ndipo anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli sadziwa. M'milandu ingapo, kuphulika kumatha kupangitsa magazi kutayikira chammbuyo. Izi zimatchedwa mitral regurgitation.

Mitral valve prolapse nthawi zambiri imakhudza azimayi oonda omwe atha kukhala ndi zopindika zazing'ono pachifuwa, scoliosis, kapena zovuta zina. Mitundu ina yamitral valve prolapse ikuwoneka kuti imadutsa m'mabanja (obadwa nawo).

Mitral valve prolapse imawonekeranso ndi zovuta zina zamatenda monga Marfan syndrome ndi matenda ena obwera nthawi zambiri.

Nthawi zina zimawonekera padera kwa anthu omwe siabwinobwino.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi mitral valve prolapse SAKHALA ndi zizindikilo. Gulu la zizindikilo zomwe nthawi zina zimapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mitral valve prolapse amatchedwa "mitral valve prolapse syndrome," ndipo amaphatikizapo:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa (osayambitsidwa ndi matenda amitsempha yam'mimba kapena matenda amtima)
• Chizungulire
• Kutopa
• Mantha
• Zomverera zakumva kugunda kwa mtima (kugunda kwa mtima)
• Kupuma pang'ono ndi zochitika kapena pogona (orthopnea)

Ubale weniweni uli pakati pazizindikirozi ndipo vuto la valavu silikudziwika. Zina mwazomwe zapezazi zangochitika mwangozi.

Pakabwezeretsanso mitral, zizindikilo zimatha kukhala zokhudzana ndi kutuluka, makamaka zikavuta.

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa thupi ndikugwiritsa ntchito stethoscope kuti amvetsere mtima wanu ndi mapapo. Wothandizirayo atha kumva kusangalala (kugwedera) pamtima ndikumva kugunda kwa mtima ndikumveka kowonjezera (kodina pakatikati). Nthawi zambiri kung'ung'udza kumayamba kutalikirapo komanso mwamphamvu mukamaimirira.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi zambiri kumakhala koyenera.

Echocardiogram ndiye mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofufuza kutulutsa kwa mitral valve. Mayesero otsatirawa angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pozindikira kutulutsa kwa mitral valve kapena kutulutsa kwa mitral valavu kapena zovuta pazomwezo:

• Catheterization yamtima
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Kujambula mtima kwa CT
• ECG (ikhoza kuwonetsa arrhythmias monga atrial fibrillation)
• Kujambula kwa MRI pamtima

Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala zizindikiro zochepa kapena palibe ndipo chithandizo sichifunika.

M'mbuyomu, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la valavu yamtima amapatsidwa maantibayotiki asanayambe ntchito yamano kapena njira monga colonoscopy yopewa matenda mumtima. Komabe, maantibayotiki tsopano sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani kuti muwone ngati mukufuna maantibayotiki.

Pali mankhwala ambiri amtima omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthana ndi vutoli. Komabe, anthu ambiri safunika chithandizo chilichonse. Mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti mukonze kapena musinthe valavu yanu yamitral ikayamba kutayikira (kubwereranso), ndipo kutuluka kumayambitsanso zizindikiro. Komabe, izi sizingachitike. Mungafunike kukonza ma valavu kapena kusintha mavalala ngati:

• Zizindikiro zanu zimaipiraipira.
• Vuto lamanzere lamtima wanu lakulitsa.
• Ntchito ya mtima wanu ikuipiraipira.

Nthawi zambiri, mitral valve prolapse imakhala yopanda vuto ndipo siyimayambitsa zizindikiro. Zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndikuwongoleredwa ndi mankhwala kapena opaleshoni.

Kugunda kwamtima kosadziwika bwino (arrhythmias) mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mitral valve prolapse kumatha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo. Ngati kutuluka kwa valavu kukukulira, malingaliro anu atha kukhala ofanana ndi anthu omwe amabwezeretsanso mitral pazifukwa zina zilizonse.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi:

• Kusamva bwino pachifuwa, kugundagunda, kapena kukomoka komwe kumangokulirakulira
• Matenda a nthawi yayitali ndi malungo

Matenda a Barlow; Floppy mitral valavu; Myxomatous mitral valavu; Kutulutsa valavu yamitral; Matenda a Systolic click-murmur; Kutulutsa mitral leaflet syndrome; Kupweteka pachifuwa - kupindika kwa mitral valve

• Opaleshoni ya valve yamtima - kutulutsa

• Mitral valve yayenda
• Opaleshoni ya valve yamtima - mndandanda

Carabello BA. Matenda a mtima wa Valvular. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 66.

Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, ndi al. Kusintha kwa 2017 AHA / ACC kwaupangiri wa 2014 AHA / ACC wowongolera odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtima wa valvular: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Kuzungulira. Chizindikiro. 2017; 135 (25): e1159-e1195. PMID: 28298458 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28298458/.

Thomas JD, Bonow RO. Matenda a Mitral valve. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 69.