Matenda a reflux am'mimba

Matenda a reflux a Gastroesophageal (GERD) ndimavuto am'mimba omwe amatuluka chammbuyo kuchokera m'mimba kupita m'mimba (chitoliro cha chakudya). Chakudya chimayenda kuchokera mkamwa mwako kupita m'mimba kudzera m'mimba mwako. GERD imatha kukhumudwitsa chitoliro cha chakudya ndikupangitsa kutentha pa chifuwa ndi zina.

Mukamadya, chakudya chimadutsa kuchokera kukhosi kupita m'mimba kudzera mummero. Mphete ya ulusi wam'munsi imalepheretsa chakudya chomeza kuti chibwerere mmbuyo. Mitundu imeneyi imadziwika kuti low esophageal sphincter (LES).

Pamene mphete iyi ya minofu siyimatseka njira yonse, zomwe zili m'mimba zimatha kubwereranso kummero. Izi zimatchedwa reflux kapena gastroesophageal reflux. Reflux imatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo. Zovuta zam'mimba zam'mimba zitha kuwonongera pamimba.

Zowopsa za Reflux ndizo:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mowa (mwina)
• Hiatal hernia (mkhalidwe womwe gawo lina la m'mimba limayenda pamwamba pa chifundiro, chomwe ndi minofu yomwe imalekanitsa chifuwa ndi zotupa m'mimba)
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Mimba
• Scleroderma
• Kusuta
• Kutsamira mkati mwa maola atatu mutadya

Kutentha pa chifuwa ndi gastroesophageal Reflux imatha kubweretsedwa kapena kukulitsidwa chifukwa cha mimba. Zizindikiro zimathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala ena, monga:

• Anticholinergics (mwachitsanzo, mankhwala am'nyanja)
• Bronchodilators a mphumu
• Ma calcium calcium blockers othamanga kwambiri
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Parkinson
• Progestin ya kusamba kwachilendo kapena kubereka
• Njira zogona ndi kugona kapena nkhawa
• Tricyclic antidepressants

Lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani ngati mukuganiza kuti imodzi mwa mankhwala anu ikhoza kukupweteketsani. Osasintha kapena kusiya kumwa mankhwala musanalankhule ndi omwe akukuthandizani.

Zizindikiro zodziwika za GERD ndi izi:

• Kumva kuti chakudyacho chagwera kumbuyo kwa chifuwa
• Kutentha pa chifuwa kapena kupweteka pachifuwa
• Nsawawa mukatha kudya

Zizindikiro zochepa kwambiri ndi izi:

• Kubweretsa chakudya kumbuyo (kubwezeretsanso)
• Chifuwa kapena kupuma
• Zovuta kumeza
• Zovuta
• Kuuma kapena kusintha mawu
• Chikhure

Zizindikiro zimatha kukula mukawerama kapena kugona, kapena mutadya. Zizindikiro zimakhalanso zoyipa usiku.

Simungasowe kuyesedwa ngati matenda anu ali ofatsa.

Ngati matenda anu ali ovuta kapena abweranso mutalandira chithandizo, dokotala wanu akhoza kuyesa kuti "endoscopy" (EGD).

• Uku ndiyeso yoyesa kumimba kwa kumimba, m'mimba, ndi gawo loyamba la m'mimba.
• Zimachitika ndi kamera yaying'ono (endoscope yosinthasintha) yomwe imayikidwa pakhosi.

Mungafunenso mayeso amodzi kapena angapo otsatirawa:

• Chiyeso chomwe chimayeza kuti asidi m'mimba amalowa kangati mumachubu yomwe imachokera pakamwa kupita m'mimba (yotchedwa esophagus)
• Kuyesa kuyeza kupsinjika mkati mwa gawo lakumunsi kwa kholingo (esophageal manometry)

Kuyesa magazi kwamatsenga koyenera kumatha kuzindikira kuti magazi akutuluka chifukwa chokwiyitsa m'mimba, m'mimba, kapena m'matumbo.

Mutha kusintha zosintha zambiri pamoyo wanu kuti muthandizire kuchiza matenda anu.

Malangizo ena ndi awa:

• Ngati muli onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri, kuonda kungakuthandizeni.
• Kwezani mutu wa bedi ngati matenda anu akukula usiku.
  
• Idyani chakudya chanu maola awiri kapena atatu musanagone.
  
• Pewani mankhwala monga aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), kapena naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). Tengani acetaminophen (Tylenol) kuti muchepetse ululu.
• Imwani mankhwala anu onse ndi madzi ambiri. Wopereka wanu akakupatsani mankhwala atsopano, funsani ngati angapangitse kutentha kwa chifuwa chanu kuwonjezeka.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki mukamadya komanso musanagone, ngakhale mpumulowu sungakhale wautali kwambiri. Zotsatira zoyipa zama antacids zimaphatikizapo kutsegula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa.

Mankhwala ena owonjezera pa makalata ndi mankhwala akhoza kuchiza GERD. Amagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono kuposa ma antacids, koma amakupatsani mpumulo wautali. Wosunga mankhwala, dokotala, kapena namwino angakuuzeni momwe mungamwe mankhwalawa.

• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa asidi omwe amapezeka m'mimba mwanu.
• Ma H2 blockers amachepetsanso kuchuluka kwa asidi omwe amatulutsidwa m'mimba.

Opaleshoni ya anti-reflux itha kukhala njira kwa anthu omwe zizindikilo zawo sizichoka pakusintha kwa moyo wawo komanso mankhwala. Kutentha pa chifuwa ndi zizindikiro zina ziyenera kusintha pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Koma mungafunikirebe kumwa mankhwala kuti muzimva kutentha pa chifuwa.

Palinso zochiritsira zatsopano za reflux zomwe zitha kuchitidwa kudzera mu endoscope (chubu chosinthira chomwe chimadutsa mkamwa mpaka m'mimba).

Anthu ambiri amayankha kusintha kwa moyo ndi mankhwala. Komabe, anthu ambiri amafunika kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala kuti athetse matenda awo.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Kukula kwa mphumu
• Kusintha kwa zotchinga pamimba zomwe zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa (Barrett esophagus)
• Bronchospasm (kukwiya ndi kuphipha kwa njira zampweya chifukwa cha asidi)
• Chifuwa cha nthawi yayitali (chifuwa) kapena hoarseness
• Mavuto amano
• Zilonda m'mimba
• Kukhwimitsa (kuchepa kwa kholingo chifukwa cha mabala)

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati zizindikilo sizikusintha pakusintha kwamoyo kapena mankhwala.

Imbani foni ngati muli ndi:

• Magazi
• Kutsamwa (kutsokomola, kupuma movutikira)
• Kumva kukhuta msanga pamene mukudya
• Kusanza pafupipafupi
• Kuopsa
• Kutaya njala
• Kuvuta kumeza (dysphagia) kapena kupweteka ndikumeza (odynophagia)
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Kumva ngati chakudya kapena mapiritsi akumata kumbuyo kwa fupa la m'mawere
  

Kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha pa chifuwa kungathandize kupewa zizindikilo. Kunenepa kwambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi GERD. Kukhala ndi thupi labwino kungathandize kupewa vutoli.

Peptic esophagitis; Reflux esophagitis; GERD; Kutentha pa chifuwa - aakulu; Dyspepsia - GERD

• Opaleshoni ya anti-reflux - ana - kutulutsa
• Opaleshoni ya anti-reflux - kutulutsa
• Reflux ya gastroesophageal - kutulutsa
• Kutentha pa chifuwa - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Kutenga ma antiacids

• Dongosolo m'mimba
• Matenda a reflux am'mimba
• Reflux ya gastroesophageal - mndandanda

Abdul-Hussein M, Castell CHITANI. Matenda a reflux a Gastroesophageal (GERD). Mu: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, olemba., Eds. Therapy Yamakono ya Conn 2020. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier 2020: 219-222.

Komiti Yoyeserera ya ASGE, Muthusamy VR, Lightdale JR, et al. Udindo wa endoscopy mu kasamalidwe ka GERD. M'mimba Endosc. 2015; 81 (6): 1305-1310. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 25863867 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25863867. (Adasankhidwa)

Falk GW, Katzka DA. Matenda am'mimba. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 129.

Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF. Ndondomeko zakuwunika ndikuwunika kwa matenda am'mimba a reflux am'mimba. Ndine J Gastroenterol. 2013; 108 (3): 308-328. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 23419381 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23419381.

National Institute of Diabetes ndi tsamba la Digestive and Impso Diseases. Reflux ya acid (GER & GERD) mwa akulu. www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-adults/all-content. Idasinthidwa Novembala 2015. Idapezeka pa February 26, 2020.

Richter JE, Friedenberg FK. Matenda a reflux am'mimba. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Matenda a Mimba ndi a Fordtran Amatenda a Chiwindi. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 44.