Zosintha

Shigellosis ndi matenda a bakiteriya amkati mwa matumbo. Amayambitsidwa ndi gulu la mabakiteriya otchedwa shigella.

Pali mitundu ingapo yama bacteria a shigella, kuphatikiza:

• Alireza, wotchedwanso "gulu D" shigella, ndi amene amachititsa milandu yambiri ya shigellosis ku United States.
• Shigella kusintha, kapena "gulu B" shigella, limayambitsa pafupifupi milandu ina yonse.
• Shigella matenda opatsirana, kapena "gulu A" shigella ndilosowa ku United States. Komabe, zitha kubweretsa miliri yakupha m'maiko omwe akutukuka.

Anthu omwe ali ndi bakiteriya amawamasula m'malo awo. Amatha kufalitsa mabakiteriya m'madzi kapena chakudya, kapena kwa munthu wina. Kupeza pang'ono chabe mabakiteriya a shigella mkamwa mwanu ndikokwanira kuyambitsa matenda.

Kuphulika kwa shigellosis kumalumikizidwa ndi ukhondo, chakudya ndi madzi, komanso malo okhala anthu ambiri.

Shigellosis ndiofala pakati paomwe akuyenda m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene komanso ogwira ntchito kapena okhala m'misasa ya othawa kwawo.

Ku United States, vutoli limapezeka kwambiri m'malo osungira ana komanso malo omwe magulu a anthu amakhala, monga nyumba zosungira okalamba.

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba pafupifupi masiku 1 mpaka 7 (pafupifupi masiku atatu) mutakumana ndi mabakiteriya.

Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

• Zowawa (mwadzidzidzi) m'mimba kupweteka kapena kupweteka
• Kutentha thupi
• Magazi, ntchofu, kapena mafinya pampando
• Kupweteka kwapakhosi
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Kutsekula m'madzi ndi magazi

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za shigellosis, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzawona:

• Kutaya madzi m'thupi (madzi osakwanira mthupi lanu) ndi kugunda kwamtima komanso kuthamanga magazi
• Kukonda m'mimba
• Mlingo wokwera wa maselo oyera m'magazi
• Chopondapo chikhalidwe kuti muwone ngati magazi oyera

Cholinga cha mankhwala ndikubwezeretsa madzi ndi ma electrolyte (mchere ndi mchere) omwe atayika m'mimba.

Mankhwala omwe amaletsa kutsekula m'mimba samaperekedwa chifukwa amatha kupangitsa kuti matendawa atenge nthawi yayitali.

Njira zodziyang'anira kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi zimaphatikizapo kumwa ma electrolyte solution m'malo mwa madzi omwe amataya m'mimba. Mitundu ingapo yamayankho a ma elektrolyte amapezeka palipepala (popanda mankhwala).

Maantibayotiki angathandize kufupikitsa kutalika kwa matenda. Mankhwalawa amathandizanso kuti matenda asafalikire kwa ena pagulu kapena malo osamalira ana. Zitha kuperekedwanso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zoopsa.

Ngati muli ndi kutsekula m'mimba ndipo simungathe kumwa madzi pakamwa chifukwa cha mseru waukulu, mungafunike chithandizo chamankhwala ndi madzi am'mitsempha (IV). Izi ndizofala kwambiri mwa ana ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi shigellosis.

Anthu omwe amamwa okodzetsa ("mapiritsi amadzi") angafunike kusiya kumwa mankhwalawa ngati ali ndi shigella enteritis. Osasiya kumwa mankhwala osalankhula ndi omwe akukuthandizani.

Matendawa amatha kukhala ofatsa ndipo amatha okha. Anthu ambiri, kupatula ana operewera zakudya m'thupi komanso omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, amachira bwino.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Kutaya madzi m'thupi, koopsa
• Matenda a Hemolytic-uremic (HUS), mawonekedwe a impso kulephera ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso mavuto am'magazi
• Matenda a nyamakazi

Pafupifupi mwana m'modzi mwa ana khumi (osakwanitsa zaka 15) yemwe ali ndi shigella enteritis amakhala ndi mavuto amanjenje. Izi zimatha kuphatikizira kukomoka (komwe kumatchedwanso "kutentha thupi") kutentha kwa thupi kukakwera mwachangu komanso mwana akakomoka. Matenda aubongo (encephalopathy) okhala ndi mutu, ulesi, chisokonezo, ndi khosi lolimba amathanso kukula.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati kutsekula m'mimba sikukuyenda bwino, ngati muli magazi pachitetezo, kapena ngati pali zizindikiro zakusowa madzi m'thupi.

Pitani kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa ngati zizindikirozi zimachitika mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi shigellosis:

• Kusokonezeka
• Mutu ndi khosi lolimba
• Kukonda
• Kugwidwa

Zizindikirozi ndizofala kwambiri mwa ana.

Kupewa kumaphatikizapo kusamalira bwino, kusunga, ndikukonza chakudya, ndi ukhondo wabwino. Kusamba m'manja ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yopewera shigellosis. Pewani chakudya ndi madzi omwe angawonongeke.

Shigella gastroenteritis; Shigella enteritis; Enteritis - shigella; Gastroenteritis - shigella; Kutsekula m'mimba kwaulendo - shigellosis

• Dongosolo m'mimba
• Zakudya zam'mimba ziwalo
• Mabakiteriya

Melia JMP, Sears CL. Opatsirana enteritis ndi proctocolitis. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Matenda a Mimba ndi a Fordtran Amatenda a Chiwindi. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chaputala 110.

Keusch GT, Zambiri AKM. Zosintha. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 293.

Kotloff KL. Pachimake gastroenteritis ana. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 366.

Kotloff KL, Riddle MS, Platts-Mills JA, Pavlinac P, Zambiri AKM. Zosintha. Lancet. 2018; 391 (10122): 801-812 (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 29254859 adasankhidwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29254859/.