Kulephera kwa mtima - maopaleshoni ndi zida

Njira zazikulu zothandizira kulephera kwa mtima ndikusintha moyo wanu ndikumwa mankhwala anu. Komabe, pali njira ndi maopaleshoni omwe angathandize.

Chopangira mtima pamtima ndichida chaching'ono, chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi batri chomwe chimatumiza chizindikiritso pamtima panu. Chizindikirocho chimapangitsa mtima wanu kugunda pamlingo woyenera.

Opanga pacem atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kukonza mikhalidwe ya mtima wosazolowereka. Mtima ukhoza kugunda pang'onopang'ono, mofulumira kwambiri, kapena mosasinthasintha.
• Kuti mugwirizane bwino kugunda kwa mtima mwa anthu omwe akulephera mtima. Izi zimatchedwa biventricular pacemaker.

Mtima wanu ukafooka, umakula kwambiri, ndipo sukupopa magazi bwino, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chogunda kwamtima komwe kumatha kubweretsa kufa kwadzidzidzi kwamtima.

• An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) ndichida chomwe chimazindikira kugunda kwamtima. Imatumiza kugwedezeka kwamagetsi pamtima kuti isinthe kayendedwe kabwino.
• Ambiri opanga biventricular pacemaker amathanso kugwira ntchito ngati ma implantable cardio-defibrillators (ICD).

Chomwe chimayambitsa kufooka kwa mtima ndi matenda amitsempha yamagazi (CAD), yomwe imachepetsa mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi ndi mpweya pamtima. CAD imatha kukulirakulira ndipo zimakupangitsani kukhala kovuta kusamalira matenda anu.

Pambuyo poyesa mayeso ena omwe amakuthandizani azaumoyo angaganize kuti kutsegula chotengera chamagazi chochepetsedwa kapena chotsekereza kumathandizira kuziziritsa mtima kwanu. Njira zophatikizira zitha kuphatikiza:

• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Angioplasty ndi stent
• Opaleshoni ya mtima

Magazi omwe amayenda pakati pazipinda zamtima wanu, kapena kuchokera mumtima mwanu kupita ku aorta, amayenera kudutsa pa valavu yamtima. Mavavu amenewa amatseguka mokwanira kuti magazi azidutsa. Amatseka, kuti magazi asayende kumbuyo.

Mavavu amenewa sakamagwira ntchito bwino (amatuluka kwambiri kapena kupapatiza), magazi samayenda moyenera kupyola pamtima kupita mthupi. Vutoli limatha kuyambitsa kulephera kwa mtima kapena kukula kwa mtima.

Kuchita opaleshoni yamavuto amtima kungafune kukonza kapena kusintha amodzi mwa ma valve.

Mitundu ina ya maopareshoni amachitidwa chifukwa cha kulephera kwamtima mtima pomwe mankhwala ena sakugwiranso ntchito. Njirazi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene munthu akuyembekezera kumuika mtima. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi yayitali nthawi zina pamene kumuika sikukonzekera kapena kotheka.

Zitsanzo za zina mwazida izi zikuphatikiza chida chamanzere chamitsempha yamagetsi (LVAD), zida zothandizira kumanja (RVAD) kapena mitima yonse yokumba. Amaganiziridwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati muli ndi vuto la mtima lomwe silitha kuwongoleredwa ndi mankhwala kapena pacemaker yapadera.

• Zipangizo zothandizira (VAD) zimathandiza mtima wanu kupopera magazi kuchokera kuzipinda zopopa za mtima wanu kupita m'mapapu kapena thupi lanu lonse.
• Mutha kukhala pamndandanda wodikirira kuti muike mtima. Odwala ena omwe amatenga VAD amadwala kwambiri ndipo atha kukhala kuti ali pamakina odutsa mtima-mapapo.
• Mitima yonse yokumba ikupangidwa, koma sinagwiritsidwebe ntchito.

Zipangizo zophatikizidwa ndi catheter monga mapampu a intra-aortic balloon (IABP) nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

• IABP ndi buluni yopyapyala yomwe imayikidwa mu mtsempha (nthawi zambiri mwendo) ndikulowetsedwa mumitsempha yayikulu yotuluka pamtima (aorta).
• Zipangizozi zitha kuthandiza kuti mtima ugwire ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa. Chifukwa zimatha kuikidwa mwachangu, ndizothandiza kwa odwala omwe mtima wawo umagwa mwadzidzidzi komanso mwamphamvu
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa anthu omwe akuyembekezera kuchira kapena zida zothandizira kwambiri.

CHF - opaleshoni; Kupweteka kwa mtima - opaleshoni; Cardiomyopathy - opaleshoni; HF - opaleshoni; Mapampu a bulloon amkati-aortic - kulephera kwa mtima; IABP - kulephera kwa mtima; Catheter based assist zida - mtima kulephera

• Wopanga zida

Aaronson KD, Pagani FD. Makina othandizira kuzungulira kwa magazi. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 29.

Allen LA, Stevenson LW. Kuwongolera odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtima akuyandikira kumapeto kwa moyo. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 31.

Ewald GA, Milano CA, Rogers JG. Kuzungulira kumathandizira zida za mtima kulephera. Mu: Felker GM, Mann DL, ma eds. Kulephera kwa Mtima: Wothandizana naye ku Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2020: chap 45.

Mann DL. Kuwongolera kwa odwala olephera mtima omwe ali ndi gawo lochepetsedwa. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 25.

Otto CM, Bonow RO. Njira kwa wodwalayo ndi matenda a mtima wa valvular. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 67.

[Adasankhidwa] Rihal CS, Naidu SS, Givertz MM, et al; Sosaiti ya Angiography Cardiovascular and Intervention (SCAI); Kulephera Kwa Mtima Society of America (HFSA); Sosaiti ya Opaleshoni ya Thoracic (STS); American Heart Association (AHA), ndi American College of Cardiology (ACC). Mgwirizano wa akatswiri azachipatala a 2015 SCAI / ACC / HFSA / STS pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zothandizira pamavuto amtima (ovomerezeka ndi American Heart Association, Cardiological Society of India, ndi Sociedad Latino Americana de Cardiología Intervencionista; Bungwe la Canada Association of Interventional Cardiology-Association Canadienne de Cardiologie d'intervention). J Ndine Coll Cardiol. 2015; 65 (19): e7-26. PMID: 25861963 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25861963. (Adasankhidwa)

Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, ndi al. Chitsogozo cha ACCF / AHA cha 2013 chothandizira kuwonongeka kwa mtima: lipoti la American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force pamayendedwe othandizira. Kuzungulira. 2013; 128 (16): e240-e327. PMID: 23741058 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23741058.

• Kulephera Kwa Mtima
• Opanga ma Pacem ndi Ma Defibrillator Okhazikika