Osteomalacia

Osteomalacia ikuchepetsa mafupa. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto la vitamini D, lomwe limathandiza thupi lanu kuyamwa calcium. Thupi lanu limafunikira calcium kuti mafupa anu akhale olimba komanso olimba.

Kwa ana, vutoli limatchedwa rickets.

Kuperewera kwa calcium yokwanira m'magazi kumatha kubweretsa mafupa ofooka komanso ofewa. Kashiamu wamagazi ochepa amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa vitamini D m'magazi.

Vitamini D amayamwa kuchokera pachakudya kapena khungu limatulutsa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kusowa kwa vitamini D wopangidwa ndi khungu kumatha kuchitika mwa anthu omwe:

• Khalani m'malo otentha omwe mulibe dzuwa
• Ayenera kukhala m'nyumba
• Gwiritsani ntchito m'nyumba masana
• Valani zovala zomwe zimakwirira khungu lawo
• Khalani ndi khungu lakuda
• Gwiritsani ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa zolimba kwambiri

Simungapeze vitamini D wokwanira pazakudya zanu ngati:

• Kodi lactose ndi yosalolera (imavutika kukumba mkaka)
• Musadye kapena kumwa zinthu zamkaka (zomwe zimafala kwa achikulire)
• Tsatirani zakudya zamasamba
• Sangathe kuyamwa vitamini D bwino m'matumbo, monga pambuyo pochita opaleshoni ya m'mimba

Zina zomwe zingayambitse osteomalacia ndizo:

• Khansa - zotupa zosowa zomwe zimayambitsa kutsika kwa phosphate mu impso
• Impso kulephera ndi acidosis
• Kupanda phosphates okwanira mu zakudya
• Matenda a chiwindi - chiwindi sichingasinthe vitamini D kukhala mawonekedwe ake
• Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khunyu

Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

• Kuphulika kwa mafupa komwe kumachitika popanda kuvulala kwenikweni
• Minofu kufooka
• Kufalikira kwa mafupa, makamaka m'chiuno

Zizindikiro zimathanso kupezeka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa calcium. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Dzanzi kuzungulira pakamwa
• Kufooka kapena kumva kulira kwa mikono ndi miyendo
• Spasms kapena kukokana kwa manja kapena mapazi

Kuyezetsa magazi kudzachitika kuti muwone vitamini D, creatinine, calcium, phosphate, electrolyte, alkaline phosphatase, ndi ma hormone a parathyroid.

Mafupa x-ray ndi kuyesa kwa mafupa kungathandize kuzindikira ma pseudofractures, kutayika kwa mafupa, komanso kufewetsa mafupa. Chofunika kwambiri, osteomalacia imawoneka ngati kufooketsa mafupa kuchokera kufooka kwa mafupa pakuyesa kwa mafupa.

Nthawi zina, kuyeretsa mafupa kumachitika kuti muwone ngati kufewetsa mafupa kulipo.

Chithandizochi chingaphatikizepo mavitamini D, calcium, ndi phosphorous othandizira omwe amatengedwa pakamwa. Anthu omwe sangathe kuyamwa michere kudzera m'matumbo angafunike mavitamini D ndi calcium yayikulu. Izi zikuphatikizapo anthu omwe ali ndi mitundu ina ya maopaleshoni ochepetsa thupi.

Anthu omwe ali ndi zikhalidwe zina angafunike kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi kuti awone kuchuluka kwa magazi a phosphorous ndi calcium.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwama vitamini adzachira pakangotha ​​milungu ingapo. Ndi chithandizo, machiritso ayenera kuchitika mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Zizindikiro zimatha kubwerera.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi matenda a osteomalacia, kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha matendawa.

Kudya chakudya chokhala ndi vitamini D ndi calcium komanso kukhala ndi kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa kumathandiza kupewa osteomalacia chifukwa chakuchepa kwa vitamini D.

Kulephera kwa Vitamini D - osteomalacia; Calcium - osteomalacia

• Vuto la Vitamini D
• Calcium phindu

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Chonchol M, Smogorzewski MJ, Stubbs JR, Yu ASL. Kusokonezeka kwa calcium homeostasis. Mu: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, olemba. Brenner ndi Rector a Impso. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap.

Demay MB, Krane SM. Kusokonezeka kwa mchere. Mu: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, olemba. Endocrinology: Akuluakulu ndi Ana. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 71.

Weinstein RS. Osteomalacia ndi ma rickets. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 231.