Chodabwitsa cha Raynaud

Chodabwitsa cha Raynaud ndi momwe kutentha kozizira kapena kukhudzika kwamphamvu kumayambitsa kupindika kwa mitsempha yamagazi. Izi zimaletsa magazi kuthamangira zala, zala zakumapazi, makutu, ndi mphuno.

Chodabwitsa cha Raynaud chimatchedwa "choyambirira" pomwe sichilumikizidwa ndi vuto lina. Nthawi zambiri zimayambira mwa azimayi ochepera zaka 30. Chodabwitsachi Raynaud chodabwitsa chimalumikizidwa ndi zinthu zina ndipo nthawi zambiri chimapezeka mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 30.

Zomwe zimayambitsa zodabwitsazi za Raynaud ndi izi:

• Matenda a mitsempha (monga atherosclerosis ndi matenda a Buerger)
• Mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuchepa kwa mitsempha (monga amphetamines, mitundu ina ya beta-blockers, mankhwala ena a khansa, mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popweteka mutu)
• Matenda a nyamakazi ndi autoimmune (monga scleroderma, Sjögren syndrome, nyamakazi, ndi systemic lupus erythematosus)
• Zovuta zina zamagazi, monga matenda ozizira a agglutinin kapena cryoglobulinemia
  
• Kuvulala mobwerezabwereza kapena kugwiritsa ntchito monga kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zida zamanja kapena makina okutira
• Kusuta
• Frostbite
• Matenda otupa kwambiri

Kuwonetsedwa kuzizira kapena kukhudzika kwamphamvu kumabweretsa kusintha.

• Choyamba, zala, zala zakumapazi, makutu, kapena mphuno zimakhala zoyera, kenako zimasanduka buluu. Zala zimakhudzidwa kwambiri, koma zala zakumiyendo, makutu kapena mphuno zimasinthanso mtundu.
• Magazi akangobwerera, malowo amakhala ofiira kenako nkubwerera mumtundu wabwinobwino.
• Kuukira kumatha kukhala kwa mphindi mpaka maola.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto loyambirira la Raynaud ali ndi mavuto m'ma zala omwewo mbali zonse ziwiri. Anthu ambiri samva kuwawa. Khungu la mikono kapena miyendo limatuluka madontho abuluu. Izi zimatha khungu likatenthedwa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lachiwiri la Raynaud amatha kukhala ndi zowawa kapena kumva zala. Zilonda zopweteka zimatha kupangidwa pazala zomwe zakhudzidwa ngati ziwombazi ndizoyipa kwambiri.

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amatha kuzindikira zomwe zimapangitsa Raynaud kukufunsani mafunso ndikuwunika.

Mayeso omwe angachitike kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi matendawa ndi awa:

• Kuyesa mitsempha ya m'manja mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito mandala apadera otchedwa microscopy ya nailfold capillary
• Mitsempha ya ultrasound
• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuti ayang'ane matenda a nyamakazi ndi autoimmune omwe angayambitse chodabwitsa cha Raynaud

Kuchita izi kungathandize kuwongolera zochitika za Raynaud:

• Kutenthetsa thupi. Pewani kukhudzana ndi kuzizira kwamtundu uliwonse. Valani zovala kapena magolovesi panja komanso mukamagwiritsa ntchito madzi oundana kapena achisanu. Pewani kuzizira, zomwe zingachitike mutatha masewera aliwonse osangalatsa.
• Lekani kusuta. Kusuta kumapangitsa kuti mitsempha yamagazi ichepetse kwambiri.
• Pewani caffeine.
• Pewani kumwa mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti mitsempha ya magazi imangidwe kapena kuphipha.
• Valani nsapato zabwino, zotakata ndi masokosi aubweya. Mukakhala panja, nthawi zonse muzivala nsapato.

Wothandizira anu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala ochepetsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi. Izi zimaphatikizapo zonona za nitroglycerin zonunkhira zomwe mumazipaka pakhungu lanu, zotchingira calcium, sildenafil (Viagra), ndi ACE inhibitors.

Ma aspirin ochepa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera magazi.

Pa matenda owopsa (monga momwe chilonda chimayamba ndi zala kapena zala), mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito kudzera m'mitsempha atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchita opaleshoni kumathandizanso kudula mitsempha yomwe imayambitsa kuphipha m'mitsempha yamagazi. Anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala m'chipatala matendawa akakhala ovuta chonchi.

Ndikofunikira kuthana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa Raynaud.

Zotsatira zimasiyanasiyana. Zimatengera choyambitsa chavutoli komanso momwe liriri loipa.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Zilonda zamatenda kapena zilonda pakhungu zimatha kuchitika ngati mtsempha wamagazi watsekeka kwathunthu. Vutoli limapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe amakhalanso ndi matenda a nyamakazi kapena autoimmune.
• Zala zimatha kukhala zopyapyala komanso zokutira ndi khungu lowala bwino komanso misomali yomwe imakula pang'onopang'ono.Izi ndichifukwa chakuchepa kwamagazi kumadera.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Muli ndi mbiri yazomwe zimachitika Raynaud ndipo gawo lakuthupi lomwe lakhudzidwa (dzanja, phazi, kapena gawo lina) limadwala kapena limakhala ndi zilonda.
• Zala zanu zimasintha mtundu, makamaka zoyera kapena zamtambo, zikazizira.
• Zala kapena zala zanu zakuda kapena khungu lathyoledwa.
• Muli ndi khungu pakhungu lanu kapena mmanja lomwe silichira.
• Muli ndi malungo, kutupa kapena mafupa opweteka, kapena zotupa pakhungu.

Chodabwitsa cha Raynaud; Matenda a Raynaud

• Chodabwitsa cha Raynaud
• Njira lupus erythematosus
• Njira yoyendera

Giglia JS. Chodabwitsa cha Raynaud. Mu: Cameron JL, Cameron AM, olemba, eds. Chithandizo Chamakono Cha Opaleshoni. Wolemba 12. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: 1047-1052.

Landry GJ. Chodabwitsa cha Raynaud. Mu: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, olemba. Rutherford Opaleshoni ya Mitsempha ndi Endovascular Therapy. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 141.

Kumanga M, Giai J, Gaget O, et al. Zomwe akufuna Sildenafil ngati chithandizo cha Raynaud Phenomenon: mayesero angapo a n-of-1. Ann Intern Med. 2018; 169 (10): 694-703. PMID: 30383134 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30383134.

Chingwe T, Kuchepera kwa magazi AN. Chodabwitsa cha Raynaud: malingaliro apano. Chipatala cha Dermatol. 2018; 36 (4): 498-507. PMID: 30047433 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30047433. (Adasankhidwa)