Sepsis

Sepsis ndi matenda omwe thupi limayankha kwambiri, lotupa mabakiteriya kapena majeremusi ena.

Zizindikiro za sepsis sizimayambitsidwa ndi majeremusi omwe. M'malo mwake, mankhwala omwe thupi limatulutsa amachititsa yankho.

Matenda a bakiteriya kulikonse m'thupi amatha kuyankha zomwe zimabweretsa sepsis. Malo omwe matenda angayambire ndi awa:

• Magazi
• Mafupa (ofala mwa ana)
• Matumbo (nthawi zambiri amawoneka ndi peritonitis)
• Impso (matenda opatsirana kumtunda, pyelonephritis kapena urosepsis)
• Kuyika kwa ubongo (meningitis)
• Chiwindi kapena ndulu
• Mapapo (chibayo cha bakiteriya)
• Khungu (cellulitis)

Kwa anthu omwe ali mchipatala, malo omwe amapezeka matendawa amakhala ndi mizere yolowa mkati, zilonda zamankhwala, zotupa zakuchita opaleshoni, komanso malo owonongeka pakhungu, omwe amadziwika kuti zotupa zamagulu kapena zilonda zamagetsi.

Sepsis imakhudza ana kapena achikulire.

Mu sepsis, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatsika, ndikupangitsa mantha. Ziwalo zazikulu ndi ziwalo zathupi, kuphatikiza impso, chiwindi, mapapo, ndi dongosolo lamanjenje limatha kusiya kugwira bwino ntchito chifukwa chamagazi samayenda bwino.

Kusintha kwa malingaliro ndi kupuma mwachangu kwambiri kungakhale zizindikilo zoyambirira za sepsis.

Mwambiri, zizindikiro za sepsis zitha kukhala:

• Kuzizira
• Kusokonezeka kapena kusokonezeka
• Kutentha kapena kutentha thupi (hypothermia)
• Kupepuka pamutu chifukwa chotsika magazi
• Kugunda kwamtima mwachangu
• Kutupa pakhungu kapena khungu lamtundu
• Khungu lofunda

Wothandizira zaumoyo amamuyang'ana munthuyo ndikufunsa za mbiri ya zamankhwala za munthuyo.

Matendawa nthawi zambiri amatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyesa magazi. Koma kuyezetsa magazi sikuwulula matenda mwa anthu omwe akhala akulandira maantibayotiki. Matenda ena omwe angayambitse sepsis sangathe kupezeka ndi kuyesa magazi.

Mayesero ena omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Kusiyanitsa kwa magazi
• Mpweya wamagazi
• Ntchito ya impso
• Kuwerengera kwa ma Platelet, zinthu zowononga ma fibrin, komanso nthawi zama coagulation (PT ndi PTT) kuti muwone ngati magazi angatayike
• Kuwerengera kwa maselo oyera a magazi

Munthu amene ali ndi sepsis amalowetsedwa kuchipatala, nthawi zambiri kuchipatala (ICU). Maantibayotiki amaperekedwa kudzera mumitsempha (kudzera m'mitsempha).

Mankhwala ena ndi awa:

• Mpweya wothandizira kupuma
• Madzi operekedwa kudzera mumitsempha
• Mankhwala omwe amachulukitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Dialysis ngati pali impso kulephera
• Makina opumira (makina opumira mpweya) ngati pali kulephera kwamapapo

Sepsis nthawi zambiri amakhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kapena matenda a nthawi yayitali (osachiritsika).

Kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa magazi kumagazi ofunikira monga ubongo, mtima, ndi impso kumatha kutenga nthawi kuti musinthe. Pakhoza kukhala mavuto azitali ndi ziwalozi.

Kuopsa kwa sepsis kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndikupeza katemera wovomerezeka.

Kuchipatala, kusamba m'manja mosamala kumathandiza kupewa matenda opatsirana ndi chipatala omwe amatsogolera ku sepsis. Kuchotsa mwachangu makina opangira mkodzo ndi mizere ya IV pomwe safunikanso kumathandizanso kupewa matenda omwe amatsogolera ku sepsis.

Matenda am'magazi; Matenda a Sepsis; Matenda otupa; MABWENZI; Kusokonezeka

Shapiro NI, Jones AE. Magulu a Sepsis. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 130.

Woimba M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. Kutanthauzira kwachitatu kwamgwirizano wapadziko lonse kwa sepsis ndi septic shock (sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016; 315 (8): 801-810. PMID 26903338 adatuluka.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26903338/.

van der Poll T, Wiersinga WJ. Sepsis ndi septic mantha. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 73.