Sitiroko

Sitiroko imachitika magazi akamayenda m'mbali ina yaubongo. Sitiroko nthawi zina imatchedwa "matenda aubongo."

Kutuluka magazi kumadulidwa kwakanthawi kuposa masekondi ochepa, ubongo sungapeze michere ndi mpweya. Maselo aubongo amatha kufa, ndikuwononga kwamuyaya.

Sitiroko imathanso kuchitika ngati mtsempha wamagazi mkati mwaubongo utaphulika, zomwe zimayambitsa kukha mwazi m'mutu.

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya sitiroko:

• Chilonda cha ischemic
• Sitiroko yotaya magazi

Sitiroko ya Ischemic imachitika pomwe chotengera chamagazi chomwe chimapereka magazi kuubongo chimatsekedwa ndi magazi.Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

• Glole limatha kupanga mtsempha womwe ndi wopapatiza kale. Izi zimatchedwa strombotic stroke.
• Chotsekera chimatha kuchoka pamalo ena m'mitsempha yamaubongo, kapena mbali ina ya thupi, ndikupita kuubongo. Izi zimatchedwa ubongo, kapena kupwetekedwa mtima.

Sitiroko ya Ischemic amathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi chinthu chomata chotchedwa plaque chomwe chimatseka mitsempha.

Sitiroko yotulutsa magazi imachitika pamene chotengera chamagazi chamagawo ena aubongo chimafooka ndikutseguka. Izi zimapangitsa magazi kutayikira muubongo. Anthu ena ali ndi zolakwika m'mitsempha yamagazi yamaubongo zomwe zimapangitsa izi kuthekera. Zolakwika izi zitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Aneurysm (malo ofooka pakhoma lamitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapangitsa kuti magazi azituluka kapena buluni)
• Matenda osokoneza bongo (AVM; kulumikizana kwachilendo pakati pamitsempha ndi mitsempha)
• Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA; momwe mapuloteni otchedwa amyloid amakhala pamakoma a mitsempha muubongo)

Zilonda zotuluka m'mimba zimathanso kupezeka pamene wina akutenga magazi ochepetsa magazi, monga warfarin (Coumadin). Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi kumatha kupangitsa kuti mitsempha yamagazi iphulike, zomwe zimayambitsa kupha magazi.

Sitiroko ya ischemic imatha kutuluka magazi ndikukhala sitiroko yotulutsa magazi.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndicho chiopsezo chachikulu cha sitiroko. Zina mwaziwopsezo zazikulu ndi izi:

• Kugunda kwamtima kosasintha, kotchedwa atrial fibrillation
• Matenda a shuga
• Mbiri ya banja la sitiroko
• Kukhala wamwamuna
• Cholesterol wokwera
• Kukula msinkhu, makamaka atakwanitsa zaka 55
• Mitundu (Afirika aku America atha kufa ndi sitiroko)
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Mbiri yakukhala ndi sitiroko isanachitike kapena kuwonongeka kwanthawi yayitali (kumachitika magazi akamayenda mbali ina yaubongo imayima kwakanthawi)

Chiwopsezo cha sitiroko chimakhalanso chachikulu mu:

• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtima kapena magazi samayenda bwino m'miyendo chifukwa cha mitsempha yocheperako
• Anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zosakhala bwino monga kusuta, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kudya mafuta kwambiri, komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Amayi omwe amamwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka (makamaka iwo omwe amasuta komanso okulirapo kuposa zaka 35)
• Azimayi omwe ali ndi pakati amakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka ali ndi pakati
• Amayi omwe amatenga mankhwala obwezeretsa mahomoni
• Patent foramen ovale (PFO), bowo pakati pa atria yakumanzere ndi kumanja (zipinda zapamwamba) za mtima

Zizindikiro za sitiroko zimadalira gawo liti la ubongo lomwe lawonongeka. Nthawi zina, munthu samadziwa kuti sitiroko yachitika.

Nthawi zambiri, zizindikilo zimayamba mwadzidzidzi komanso mosazindikira. Koma zizindikiro zimatha kuchitika ndikutha tsiku loyamba kapena awiri. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri sitiroko ikayamba, koma imatha kukulira pang'onopang'ono.

Mutu ukhoza kuchitika ngati sitiroko imayambitsidwa ndikutuluka magazi muubongo. Mutu:

• Iyamba mwadzidzidzi ndipo imatha kukhala yayikulu
• Zingakhale zoyipa mukamagona pansi
• Amakudzutsani ku tulo
• Zimaipiraipira mukasintha malo kapena mukamawerama, kupsyinjika, kapena kutsokomola

Zizindikiro zina zimadalira kukula kwa sitiroko, ndipo ndi gawo liti laubongo lomwe limakhudzidwa. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• Sinthani kukhala tcheru (kuphatikiza kugona, chikomokere, ndi chikomokere)
• Zosintha pakumva kapena kulawa
• Zosintha zomwe zimakhudza kukhudza komanso kumva kupweteka, kupanikizika, kapena kutentha kosiyanasiyana
• Kusokonezeka kapena kuiwalika
• Mavuto kumeza
• Mavuto kulemba kapena kuwerenga
• Chizungulire kapena kuyenda kosazolowereka (vertigo)
• Mavuto amaso, monga kuchepa kwa masomphenya, kusawona bwino, kapena kutayika kwathunthu
• Kulephera kulamulira chikhodzodzo kapena matumbo
• Kutaya bwino kapena kulumikizana, kapena kuyenda movutikira
• Kufooka kwa minofu pamaso, mkono, kapena mwendo (nthawi zambiri mbali imodzi)
• Dzanzi kapena kumva kulasalasa mbali imodzi ya thupi
• Umunthu, malingaliro, kapena kusintha kwamalingaliro
• Kulephera kulankhula kapena kumvetsetsa ena omwe akuyankhula

Dokotala amayeza kuti:

• Fufuzani mavuto ndi masomphenya, kuyenda, kumverera, kusinkhasinkha, kumvetsetsa, ndi kulankhula. Dokotala wanu ndi anamwino adzabwereza kuyesaku pakapita nthawi kuti awone ngati sitiroko yanu ikuipiraipira kapena ikukula.
• Mverani mitsempha ya carotid m'khosi ndi stethoscope kuti mumve mawu osazolowereka, otchedwa bruit, omwe amayamba chifukwa chakuyenda kwamagazi kosazolowereka.
• Fufuzani kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Mutha kukhala ndi mayeso otsatirawa kuti muthe kupeza mtundu, malo, komanso chifukwa cha sitiroko ndikuwononga mavuto ena:

• Kujambula kwa ubongo kwa CT kuti mudziwe ngati pali magazi
• MRI yaubongo kuti mudziwe komwe kuli stroko
• Angiogram ya mutu kufunafuna chotengera magazi chomwe chimatsekedwa kapena kutuluka magazi
• Carotid duplex (ultrasound) kuti muwone ngati mitsempha ya carotid m'khosi mwanu yakuchepa
• Echocardiogram kuti muwone ngati sitirokoyo iyenera kuti idayambitsidwa ndi magazi kuchokera pamtima
• Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) kapena CT angiography kuti muwone mitsempha yachilendo yamaubongo

Mayesero ena ndi awa:

• Kuyesa magazi
• Electroencephalogram (EEG) kuti mudziwe ngati pali khunyu
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) ndikuwunika mayendedwe amtima

Sitiroko ndi vuto lazachipatala. Chithandizo chofulumira chimafunika. Imbani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko nthawi yomweyo kapena mupeze chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu pazizindikiro zoyambirira za sitiroko.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a stroke ayenera kupita kuchipatala mwachangu momwe angathere.

• Ngati sitiroko imayambitsidwa ndi magazi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kuperekedwa kuti athetse magazi.
• Kuti mankhwalawa athandizidwe, ayenera kuyamba mkati mwa maola 3 mpaka 4 1/2 kuchokera pamene zizindikirozo zinayamba. Mankhwalawa atangoyamba kumene, amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi zotsatira zabwino.

Mankhwala ena operekedwa kuchipatala amadalira chifukwa cha sitiroko. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Ochepetsa magazi monga heparin, warfarin (Coumadin), aspirin, kapena clopidogrel (Plavix)
• Mankhwala ochepetsa mavuto, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda ashuga, komanso cholesterol
• Njira zapadera kapena opaleshoni kuti muchepetse zizindikilo kapena kupewa zikwapu zambiri
• Zakudya zamadzi ndi madzi

Thandizo lakuthupi, chithandizo chantchito, chithandizo chamalankhulidwe, ndi kumeza mankhwala onse ayambira mchipatala. Ngati munthuyo ali ndi mavuto akumeza, phukusi lodyetsa m'mimba (gastrostomy chubu) lidzafunika.

Cholinga cha chithandizo pambuyo poti sitiroko ikuthandizani kuti mupeze ntchito zambiri momwe mungathere ndikuletsa zikwapu zamtsogolo.

Kuchira pakhungu lanu kumayamba mukadali kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala. Idzapitirira mukamapita kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira omwe akukuthandizani mukamapita kunyumba.

Thandizo ndi zothandizira amapezeka ku American Stroke Association - www.stroke.org/en/help-and-support.

Momwe munthu amachitira atadwala sitiroko zimadalira:

• Mtundu wa sitiroko
• Kuchuluka kwa minofu yaubongo yawonongeka
• Ndi ntchito ziti za thupi zomwe zakhudzidwa
• Mankhwala amaperekedwa mwachangu

Mavuto akusuntha, kuganiza, ndi kuyankhula nthawi zambiri zimasintha m'masabata mpaka miyezi itadwala sitiroko.

Anthu ambiri omwe adadwala sitiroko apitilizabe kusintha pakapita miyezi kapena zaka atadwala sitiroko.

Oposa theka la anthu omwe ali ndi sitiroko amatha kugwira ntchito ndikukhala kunyumba. Ena sangathe kudzisamalira okha.

Ngati chithandizo chamankhwala osokoneza bongo chikuyenda bwino, zizindikiritso za sitiroko zimatha. Komabe, nthawi zambiri anthu samapita kuchipatala msanga kuti alandire mankhwalawa, kapena sangathe kumwa mankhwalawa chifukwa chodwala.

Anthu omwe akudwala sitiroko chifukwa chamagazi (ischemic stroke) ali ndi mwayi wopulumuka kuposa omwe ali ndi sitiroko yotuluka magazi muubongo (hemorrhagic stroke).

Chiwopsezo cha sitiroko yachiwiri chimakhala chachikulu pamasabata kapena miyezi itangoyamba kumene. Chiwopsezo chimayamba kuchepa patatha nthawi imeneyi.

Sitiroko ndi vuto lazachipatala lomwe limafunika kuthandizidwa nthawi yomweyo. Chidule cha F.A.S.T. Ndi njira yosavuta yokumbukira zizindikiro za sitiroko komanso zoyenera kuchita ngati mukuganiza kuti sitiroko yachitika. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuimbira foni 911 kapena nambala yachangu yakomweko kuti muthandizidwe mwadzidzidzi.

Ndivhuwo Matumba imayimira:

• NKHOPE. Funsani munthuyo kuti amwetulire. Onetsetsani ngati mbali imodzi ya nkhope igwa.
• MANKHWALA. Funsani munthuyo kuti akweze mikono yonse iwiri. Onani ngati mkono umodzi wapita pansi.
• KULANKHULA. Funsani munthuyo kuti abwereze chiganizo chophweka. Onetsetsani ngati mawu sanatchulidwe bwino ndipo ngati chiganizocho chibwerezedwa molondola.
• NTHAWI. Ngati munthu awonetsa chimodzi mwazizindikirozi, nthawi ndiyofunika. Ndikofunika kupita kuchipatala mwachangu momwe mungathere. Imbani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko. Chitani.

Kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha sitiroko kumachepetsa mwayi wanu wokhala ndi stroke.

Matenda am'mimba; CVA; Matenda a ubongo; Kutaya magazi; Sitiroko ischemic; Sitiroko - ischemic; Ngozi yamagetsi; Sitiroko - kukha mwazi; Mitsempha ya Carotid - sitiroko

• Kuyika kwa Angioplasty ndi stent - mtsempha wa carotid - kutulutsa
• Kukhala achangu mukakhala ndi matenda amtima
• Kukonza aneurysm ya ubongo - kutulutsa
• Batala, majarini, ndi mafuta ophikira
• Kusamalira kuchepa kwa minofu kapena kupindika
• Opaleshoni ya mtsempha wa Carotid - kutulutsa
• Kuyankhulana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi aphasia
• Kuyankhulana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi dysarthria
• Kudzimbidwa - kudzisamalira
• Dementia ndikuyendetsa
• Dementia - machitidwe ndi mavuto ogona
• Dementia - chisamaliro cha tsiku ndi tsiku
• Dementia - kukhala otetezeka m'nyumba
• Dementia - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Kudya ma calories owonjezera mukamadwala - akuluakulu
• Mutu - zomwe mufunse dokotala wanu
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Kupewa kugwa
• Sitiroko - kumaliseche
• Kumeza mavuto

• Ubongo
• Carotid stenosis - X-ray yamitsempha yamanzere
• Carotid stenosis - X-ray yamitsempha yolondola
• Sitiroko
• Ntchito yamaubongo
• Cerebellum - ntchito
• Mzere wozungulira wa Willis
• Kumanzere kwa ubongo - kumagwira ntchito
• Malo ozizira a ubongo - ntchito
• Endarterectomy
• Kapangidwe kazitsulo m'mitsempha
• Sitiroko - mndandanda
• Kusokoneza kwa Carotid

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