Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Matenda osokoneza bongo ndi gulu la zizindikilo zomwe zimayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kusuta kwa mankhwala (mankhwala).

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amaphatikizapo chitetezo cha mthupi m'thupi chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mankhwala asamayende bwino.

Nthawi yoyamba yomwe mumamwa mankhwalawo, mwina simungakhale ndi mavuto. Koma, chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimatha kupanga chinthu (antibody) chotsutsana ndi mankhwalawa. Nthawi yotsatira mukamwa mankhwalawa, antibody amatha kuuza maselo anu oyera kuti apange mankhwala otchedwa histamine. Mbiri ndi mankhwala ena amayambitsa matenda anu.

Mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asatengere matendawa ndi awa:

• Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khunyu
• Insulini (makamaka nyama zomwe zimayambitsa insulini)
• Zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi ayodini, monga utoto wosiyanasiyana wa X-ray (izi zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina)
• Penicillin ndi mankhwala ena ofanana nawo
• Mankhwala a Sulfa

Zotsatira zoyipa zambiri zamankhwala sizimachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chopanga ma antibodies a IgE. Mwachitsanzo, aspirin imatha kuyambitsa ming'oma kapena kuyambitsa mphumu popanda kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chamthupi. Anthu ambiri amasokoneza zovuta, koma osati zoyipa, zoyipa zamankhwala (monga nseru) ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Matenda ambiri osokoneza bongo amayambitsa totupa ting'onoting'ono ta khungu ndi ming'oma. Zizindikirozi zimatha kuchitika nthawi yomweyo kapena maola atalandira mankhwalawo. Matenda a Seramu ndi njira yochedwetsera yomwe imachitika sabata kapena kupitilira apo mukalandira mankhwala kapena katemera.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi awa:

• Ming'oma
• Kuyabwa pakhungu kapena maso (wamba)
• Kutupa khungu (wamba)
• Kutupa kwa milomo, lilime, kapena nkhope
• Kutentha

Zizindikiro za anaphylaxis ndi izi:

• Kupweteka m'mimba kapena kuphwanya
• Kusokonezeka
• Kutsekula m'mimba
• Kuvuta kupuma ndi mawu akumvekera kapena mokweza
• Chizungulire
• Kukomoka, kupepuka mutu
• Ming'oma mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi
• Nseru, kusanza
• Kutentha mwachangu
• Zomverera zakumva kugunda kwa mtima (kugunda kwa mtima)

Kufufuza kungawonetse:

• Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Ming'oma
• Kutupa
• Kutupa kwa milomo, nkhope, kapena lilime (angioedema)
• Kutentha

Kuyezetsa khungu kumatha kuthandizira kuzindikira zovuta za mankhwala amtundu wa penicillin. Palibe khungu labwino kapena mayeso amwazi omwe angakuthandizeni kuzindikira zovuta zina zamankhwala.

Ngati mwakhala ndi zizindikiro zofananira mukamamwa mankhwala kapena mukalandira utoto (musanawongolere) musanalandire x-ray, omwe amakuthandizani nthawi zambiri amakuwuzani kuti ichi ndi chitsimikizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Simukusowa kuyesedwa kochulukirapo.

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuthetsa zizindikiro ndikupewa kuyankha kwakukulu.

Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo:

• Antihistamines kuti muchepetse matenda ofatsa monga zotupa, ming'oma, ndi kuyabwa
• Bronchodilators monga albuterol yochepetsa mphumu (kupumira pang'ono kapena kutsokomola)
• Corticosteroids amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu, yoperekedwa pakamwa, kapena yoperekedwa kudzera mumitsempha (kudzera m'mitsempha)
• Epinephrine mwa jakisoni yochizira anaphylaxis

Mankhwala okhumudwitsa ndi mankhwala ofanana nawo ayenera kupewedwa. Onetsetsani kuti onse omwe akukuthandizani - kuphatikiza madokotala a mano ndi ogwira ntchito kuchipatala - akudziwa za ziwengo zilizonse zomwe inu kapena ana anu muli nazo.

Nthawi zina, matenda a penicillin (kapena mankhwala ena) amachititsidwa ndi kukhumudwa. Chithandizochi chimaphatikizapo kupatsidwa mankhwala ochepa poyamba, ndikutsatiridwa ndi mankhwala akulu ndi akulu kuti mukhale olekerera. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi wotsutsa, pomwe palibe mankhwala ena omwe mungamwe.

Matenda ambiri osokoneza bongo amayankha kuchipatala. Koma nthawi zina, zimatha kubweretsa mphumu yayikulu, anaphylaxis, kapena kufa.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mukumwa mankhwala ndipo zikuwoneka kuti mukukumana nawo.

Pitani kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa kapena itanani nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko (monga 911) ngati mukuvutika kupuma kapena kukhala ndi zizindikilo zina za mphumu kapena anaphylaxis. Izi ndi zochitika zadzidzidzi.

Nthawi zambiri palibe njira yopewera mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Ngati muli ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kupewa mankhwalawa ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera zovuta. Muthanso kuuzidwa kuti mupewe mankhwala ofanana.

Nthawi zina, wothandizirayo angavomereze kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amayambitsa ziwengo ngati mutayamba kulandira mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kapena kulepheretsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Izi zimaphatikizapo corticosteroids (monga prednisone) ndi antihistamines. Osayesa izi popanda kuyang'aniridwa ndi wothandizira. Chithandizo chamankhwala a corticosteroids ndi antihistamines chawonetsedwa kuti chimawathandiza kuyanjana ndi anthu omwe amafunika kupaka utoto wa X-ray.

Wothandizira anu angalimbikitsenso kutaya mtima.

Matupi awo sagwirizana - mankhwala (mankhwala); Hypersensitivity mankhwala; Mankhwala hypersensitivity

• Anaphylaxis
• Ming'oma
• Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi mankhwala
• Dermatitis - kukhudzana
• Dermatitis - kukhudzana pustular
• Ziphuphu - Tegretol
• Kuphulika kwamankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Kuphulika kwamankhwala osokoneza bongo - oopsa
• Kuphulika kwa mankhwala patsaya
• Ziphuphu zamankhwala osokoneza bongo kumbuyo
• Ma antibodies

Barkdale AN, Muelleman RL. Matupi, hypersensitivity, ndi anaphylaxis. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 109.

Galamala LC. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 239.

Solensky R, Phillips EJ. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mu: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, olemba. Ziwombankhanga za Middleton: Mfundo ndi Zochita. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 77.