Khansa ya Vulvar

Khansa ya Vulvar ndi khansa yomwe imayamba kumaliseche. Khansara ya Vulvar nthawi zambiri imakhudza labia, makutu a khungu kunja kwa nyini. Nthawi zina, khansa ya kumaliseche kumayambira pa clitoris kapena m'matope m'mbali mwa kutsegula kwa ukazi.

Khansa yambiri ya vulvar imayamba m'maselo akhungu otchedwa squamous cell. Mitundu ina ya khansa yomwe imapezeka pamaliseche ndi iyi:

• Adenocarcinoma
• Basal cell carcinoma
• Khansa ya pakhungu
• Sarcoma

Khansa ya Vulvar ndiyosowa. Zowopsa ndi izi:

• Kachilombo ka papilloma (HPV, kapena maliseche) kumayi azaka zosakwana 50
• Kusintha kwa khungu kosatha, monga lichen sclerosis kapena squamous hyperplasia mwa azimayi azaka zopitilira 50
• Mbiri ya khansara ya chiberekero kapena khansa ya m'mimba
• Kusuta

Amayi omwe ali ndi vuto lotchedwa vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya vulvar yomwe imafalikira. Matenda ambiri a VIN, samayambitsa khansa.

Zina mwaziwopsezo zomwe zingachitike ndi monga:

• Mbiri ya Pap smears yachilendo
• Kukhala ndi zibwenzi zambiri
• Kugonana koyamba pa 16 kapena zochepa

Amayi omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kuyabwa kuzungulira nyini kwazaka zambiri. Ayenera kuti ankagwiritsa ntchito mafuta osiyanasiyana a pakhungu. Amathanso kutuluka magazi kapena kutuluka kunja kwa nthawi yawo.

Kusintha kwina kwa khungu komwe kumatha kuchitika kumaliseche:

• Mole kapena freckle, yomwe ikhoza kukhala pinki, yofiira, yoyera, kapena imvi
• Kukhuthala kwa khungu kapena chotupa
• Kupweteka kwa khungu (chilonda)

Zizindikiro zina:

• Kupweteka kapena kutentha ndi kukodza
• Ululu wogonana
• Fungo losazolowereka

Amayi ena omwe ali ndi khansa ya kumaliseche alibe zizindikiro.

Mayeso otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza khansa ya kumaliseche:

• Chisokonezo
• CT scan kapena MRI ya m'chiuno kuyang'ana kufalikira kwa khansa
• Kuyesedwa kwa m'mimba kufunafuna khungu lililonse
• Kusanthula kwa Positron emission tomography (PET)
• Colposcopy

Kuchiza kumaphatikizapo kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuchotsa ma cell a khansa. Ngati chotupacho ndi chachikulu (chopitilira 2 cm) kapena chakulira kwambiri pakhungu, ma lymph node am'deralo amathanso kuchotsedwa.

Poizoniyu, kapena popanda chemotherapy, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza:

• Zotupa zotsogola zomwe sizingachiritsidwe ndi opaleshoni
• Khansa ya Vulvar yomwe imabwerera

Mutha kuchepetsa nkhawa zamankhwala ndikulowa nawo gulu lothandizira khansa. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Amayi ambiri omwe ali ndi khansa ya kumaliseche yomwe imapezeka ndikuchizidwa adakali aang'ono amachita bwino. Koma zotsatira za mkazi zimadalira:

• Kukula kwa chotupacho
• Mtundu wa khansa ya vulvar
• Kaya khansara yafalikira

Khansara imabweranso pafupi kapena pafupi ndi pomwe panali chotupa choyambirira.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Kufalikira kwa khansa kumadera ena a thupi
• Zotsatira zoyipa za radiation, opaleshoni, kapena chemotherapy

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi izi kwa milungu yoposa iwiri:

• Kukwiya kwanuko
• Kusintha kwa khungu
• Zilonda pa maliseche

Kuchita zogonana motetezeka kumachepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ya kumaliseche. Izi zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kuti muteteze ku matenda opatsirana pogonana.

Katemera amapezeka kuti angateteze ku mitundu ina ya matenda a HPV. Katemerayu amavomerezedwa kuti ateteze khansa ya pachibelekero komanso njerewere kumaliseche. Zitha kuthandiza kupewa khansa ina yolumikizidwa ndi HPV, monga khansa ya vulvar. Katemerayu amaperekedwa kwa atsikana achichepere asanagonane, komanso kwa achinyamata ndi azaka mpaka zaka 45.

Mayeso a m'chiuno nthawi zonse amatha kuthandizira kuzindikira khansa ya kumaliseche koyambirira. Kuzindikira koyambirira kumathandizira mwayi wanu kuti chithandizo chiziwayendera bwino.

Khansa - maliseche; Khansa - perineum; Khansa - vulvar; Maliseche njerewere - khansa ya m'matumbo; Khansa ya HPV - vulvar

• Matenda azimayi amphongo

Frumovitz M, Bodurka DC. Matenda otupa m'mimba a lichen sclerosus, intraepithelial neoplasia, matenda a paget, ndi carcinoma. Mu: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, olemba. Gynecology Yambiri. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 30.

Jhingran A, Russell AH, Seiden MV, ndi al. Khansa ya khomo pachibelekeropo, maliseche, ndi nyini. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 84.

Koh WJ, Greer BE, Abu-Rustum NR, ndi al. Khansa ya Vulvar, Version 1.2017, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Khansa Netw. 2017; 15 (1): 92-120. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 28040721 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28040721/.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Chithandizo cha khansa ya Vulvar (PDQ) - mtundu wa akatswiri azaumoyo. www.cancer.gov/types/vulvar/hp/vulvar-kuchiritsa-pdq. Idasinthidwa pa Januware 30, 2020. Idapezeka pa Januware 31, 2020.