Post-traumatic stress disorder

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ndi mtundu wamavuto. Zitha kuchitika mutakhala kuti mwakumana ndi vuto lowopsa lomwe lidayika pachiwopsezo chovulala kapena kufa.

Osamalira zaumoyo sakudziwa chifukwa chake zoopsa zimayambitsa PTSD mwa anthu ena, koma osati mwa ena. Majini anu, momwe mumamvera, komanso momwe banja lanu lingakhalire zingatenge gawo limodzi. Zovuta zam'mbuyomu zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo cha PTSD pambuyo pangozi yoopsa yaposachedwa.

Ndi PTSD, yankho la thupi pazochitika zopanikiza limasinthidwa. Nthawi zambiri, pambuyo pazochitikazo, thupi limachira. Mahomoni opsinjika ndi mankhwala omwe thupi limatulutsa chifukwa cha kupsinjika kumabwereranso mgulu. Pazifukwa zina mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi PTSD, thupi limangotulutsa mahomoni opsinjika ndi mankhwala.

PTSD imatha kuchitika msinkhu uliwonse. Zitha kuchitika pambuyo pa zochitika monga:

• Kumenya
• Ngozi zamagalimoto
• Kuzunzidwa m'banja
• Masoka achilengedwe
• Kukhala m'ndende
• Kugwiriridwa
• Zauchifwamba
• Nkhondo

Pali mitundu inayi yazizindikiro za PTSD:

1. Kukumbukira chochitikacho, chomwe chimasokoneza zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku

• Ndime za Flashback momwe zochitikazo zikuwoneka kuti zikuchitika mobwerezabwereza
• Kukumbukira mobwerezabwereza zomwe zidachitika
• Maloto abwerezabwereza a mwambowu
• Mphamvu, zosasangalatsa pamachitidwe omwe amakukumbutsani za mwambowo

2. Kupewa

• Kumva chisoni kapena kumverera ngati kuti simusamala chilichonse
• Kumverera kuti kulibe
• Osatha kukumbukira mbali zofunika za mwambowu
• Sindikufuna kuchita zinthu wamba
• Kuwonetsa kuchepa kwanu
• Kupewa malo, anthu, kapena malingaliro omwe amakukumbutsani za mwambowo
• Kumva ngati ulibe tsogolo

3. Hyperarousal

• Kusanthula nthawi zonse malo omwe muli mozungulira kuti muone ngati muli ndi zoopsa (kusadalira)
• Osatha kuyika chidwi
• Chodabwitsa mosavuta
• Kumva kupsa mtima kapena kupsa mtima
• Kuvuta kugona kapena kugona

4. Maganizo olakwika ndi malingaliro kapena malingaliro

• Kudziimba mlandu nthawi zonse za chochitikacho, kuphatikiza wolakwayo
• Kudzudzula ena chifukwa cha mwambowu
• Kusakhoza kukumbukira mbali zofunika za mwambowu
• Kutaya chidwi ndi zochitika kapena anthu ena

Muthanso kukhala ndi zizindikilo za nkhawa, kupsinjika, ndi kupsinjika:

• Kupsyinjika kapena chisangalalo
• Chizungulire
• Kukomoka
• Kumva kugunda kwa mtima wanu pachifuwa
• Mutu

Wothandizira anu akhoza kufunsa kuti mwakhala ndi zizindikilo zazitali bwanji. PTSD imapezeka mukakhala ndi zizindikiro kwa masiku osachepera 30.

Yemwe amakupatsirani amathanso kuyezetsa matenda amisala, kuyesa thupi, komanso kuyesa magazi. Izi zimachitika kuti ayang'ane matenda ena omwe amafanana ndi PTSD.

Chithandizo cha PTSD chimaphatikizapo chithandizo chamankhwala (upangiri), mankhwala, kapena zonse ziwiri.

KULANKHULA CHITHANDIZO

Mukamayankhula, mumalankhula ndi katswiri wazachipatala, monga wamisala kapena wothandizira, modekha ndikuvomera. Amatha kukuthandizani kuthana ndi vuto lanu la PTSD. Adzakutsogoleraninso momwe mungathetsere malingaliro anu okhudzidwa.

Pali mitundu yambiri yamankhwala oyankhulira. Mtundu umodzi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pa PTSD umatchedwa desensitization. Mukalandira chithandizo, mumalimbikitsidwa kukumbukira zochitikazo ndikuwonetsa momwe mumamvera. Popita nthawi, zikumbukiro za mwambowu zimakhala zosachita mantha.

Mukamayankhula, mutha kuphunziranso njira zopumira, monga mukayamba kukhala ndi zovuta.

MANKHWALA

Wopezayo angakuuzeni kuti mutenge mankhwala. Amatha kuchepetsa nkhawa kapena nkhawa. Angakuthandizeninso kugona bwino. Mankhwala amafunika nthawi kuti agwire ntchito. Osasiya kuzitenga kapena kusintha kuchuluka (kuchuluka) komwe mumatenga osalankhula ndi omwe amakupatsani. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani za zovuta zomwe zingachitike komanso zoyenera kuchita ngati mutakumana nazo.

Magulu othandizira, omwe mamembala awo ndi anthu omwe adakumana ndi PTSD, atha kukhala othandiza. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani zamagulu mdera lanu.

Magulu othandizira nthawi zambiri samakhala m'malo mwa chithandizo chamankhwala kapena kumwa mankhwala, koma atha kukhala othandizira.

• Nkhawa ndi Kukhumudwa Association of America - adaa.org
• National Institute of Mental Health - www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/index.shtml

Ngati mukusamalira msirikali wakale wankhondo, mutha kupeza chilimbikitso ndi chilimbikitso kudzera ku US Department of Veterans Affairs ku www.ptsd.va.gov.

PTSD imatha kuchiritsidwa. Mutha kuwonjezera mwayi wazotsatira zabwino:

• Onani wothandizira nthawi yomweyo ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi PTSD.
• Tengani nawo mbali pa chithandizo chanu ndikutsatira malangizo a omwe amakupatsani.
• Landirani chithandizo kuchokera kwa ena.
• Samalirani thanzi lanu. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikudya zakudya zabwino.
• MUSAMWE mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Izi zitha kukulitsa PTSD yanu.

Ngakhale zovuta zimatha kupangitsa mavuto, sikuti kukhumudwa konse ndi zizindikiro za PTSD. Lankhulani zakukhosi kwanu ndi anzanu komanso abale. Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikusintha posachedwa kapena zakukwiyitsani kwambiri, kambiranani ndi omwe amakuthandizani.

Funani thandizo nthawi yomweyo ngati:

• Mukumva kuti mwatopa
• Mukuganiza zodzipweteka nokha kapena wina aliyense
• Simungathe kuwongolera machitidwe anu
• Muli ndi zizindikiro zina zokhumudwitsa za PTSD

PTSD

• Post-traumatic stress disorder

Msonkhano wa American Psychiatric. Mavuto okhudzana ndi zovuta komanso kupsinjika. Mu: American Psychiatric Association, wolemba. Kusanthula ndi Buku Lophatikiza la Mavuto Amisala. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwama Psychiatric ku America; 2013: 265-290.

Dekel S, Gilbertson MW, Orr SP, Rauch SL, Wood NE, Pitman RK. Kupsinjika kwa m'mutu komanso kupsinjika kwa pambuyo pake. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 34.

Lyness JM. Matenda amisala pamankhwala. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 369.

Tsamba la National Institute of Mental Health. Matenda nkhawa. www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml. Idasinthidwa mu Julayi 2018. Idapezeka pa June 17, 2020.