Retinitis pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa ndi matenda amaso omwe amawononga diso. Diso ndilo mzere wosanjikiza kumbuyo kwa diso lamkati. Mzerewu umasintha zithunzi zowala kukhala zizindikiritso zamitsempha ndikuzitumiza kuubongo.

Retinitis pigmentosa imatha kuyenda m'mabanja. Vutoli limatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zolakwika zingapo zamtundu.

Maselo olamulira masomphenya ausiku (ndodo) atha kukhudzidwa. Komabe, nthawi zina, maselo amtundu wa retinal amawonongeka kwambiri. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa ndi kupezeka kwa mdima mu diso.

Choopsa chachikulu ndi mbiri ya banja la retinitis pigmentosa. Ndi chikhalidwe chosowa chomwe chimakhudza pafupifupi 1 mwa anthu 4,000 ku United States.

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimawoneka koyamba muubwana. Komabe, mavuto owoneka bwino nthawi zambiri samakula msinkhu.

• Kuchepetsa masomphenya usiku kapena pang'ono. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimatha kukhala ndi nthawi yovuta kuyenda mumdima.
• Kutaya kwamaso (ozungulira) masomphenya, kuyambitsa "masomphenya a tunnel."
• Kutayika kwa masomphenya apakatikati (m'nthawi yayitali). Izi zidzakhudza luso lowerenga.

Kuyesa kuyesa diso:

• Masomphenya amitundu
• Kuyesa kwa diso ndi ophthalmoscopy ophunzira atakulitsidwa
• Mafilimu a fluorescein
• Kupanikizika kwapakati
• Kuyeza kwa zamagetsi mu diso (electroretinogram)
• Kuyankha kwa ophunzira
• Mayeso obweza
• Kujambula kujambula
• Mayeso oyang'ana pambali (kuyesa kumunda)
• Dulani kuyesedwa kwa nyali
• Kuwona bwino

Palibe mankhwala othandiza a vutoli. Kuvala magalasi oteteza maso ku diso la ultraviolet kumathandiza kuteteza mawonekedwe.

Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti chithandizo cha ma antioxidants (monga kuchuluka kwa vitamini A palmitate) chitha kuchepetsa matendawa. Komabe, kumwa kwambiri vitamini A kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto akulu pachiwindi. Phindu la chithandizo liyenera kuyezedwa motsutsana ndi chiwopsezo cha chiwindi.

Mayesero azachipatala akupitiliza kuyesa njira zatsopano za retinitis pigmentosa, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito DHA, yomwe ndi omega-3 fatty acid.

Mankhwala ena, monga microchip implants mu retina omwe amakhala ngati kamera yamavidiyo yaying'ono kwambiri, ali mgawo loyamba la chitukuko. Mankhwalawa atha kukhala othandiza pochiza khungu lomwe limakhudzana ndi RP ndi zovuta zina zamaso.

Katswiri wamasomphenya atha kukuthandizani kuzolowera masomphenya. Pitani pafupipafupi kwa katswiri wazosamalira maso, yemwe amatha kuzindikira khungu kapena kutupa kwa diso. Mavuto onsewa amatha kuchiritsidwa.

Matendawa apitilizabe kuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Kukhala wakhungu kwathunthu siwachilendo.

Kuwonongeka kwapakati komanso kutayika kwapakati kumachitika pakapita nthawi.

Anthu omwe ali ndi retinitis pigmentosa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ng'ala akadali aang'ono. Angakhalenso ndi kutupa kwa diso (macular edema). Matenda am'maso amatha kuchotsedwa ngati angapangitse kuti munthu asamaone bwino.

Lumikizanani ndi omwe amakuthandizani ngati muli ndi vuto la masomphenya ausiku kapena mukukhala ndi zizindikilo zina za matendawa.

Uphungu woyesera ndi kuyesa kumatha kuthandiza kudziwa ngati ana anu ali pachiwopsezo cha matendawa.

RP; Masomphenya kutayika - RP; Kutaya masomphenya ausiku - RP; Ndodo phazi dystrophy; Kutaya masomphenya mozungulira - RP; Khungu usiku

• Diso
• Kudula nyali

Cioffi GA, Liebmann JM. Matenda a mawonekedwe owoneka. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 395.

Cukras CA, Zein WM, Caruso RC, Sieving PA. Kupita patsogolo komanso 'kuyimilira' komwe kumatengera kutsalira. Mu: Yanoff M, Duker JS, olemba. Ophthalmology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 6.14.

Gregory-Evans K, Weleber RG, Pennesi INE. Retinitis pigmentosa ndi zovuta zina. Mu: Schachat AP, Sadda SR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, olemba. Retina wa Ryan. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 42.

Olitisky SE, Marsh JD. Kusokonezeka kwa diso ndi vitreous. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 648.