Kubwerera kwathunthu koopsa kwam'mapapo

Kubwerera kwathunthu kosasunthika kwamapapo (TAPVR) ndi matenda amtima momwe mitsempha 4 yomwe imatenga magazi kuchokera m'mapapu kupita kumtima samalumikizana bwino ndi atrium yakumanzere (chipinda chakumanzere chakumtima). M'malo mwake, amalumikizana ndi chotengera china chamagazi kapena gawo lolakwika la mtima. Amapezeka pakubadwa (matenda obadwa nawo amtima).

Zomwe zimayambitsa kubwerera kwamapapo m'mapapo sizodziwika.

Pazizolowezi zonse, magazi amatumizidwa kuchokera ku ventricle yoyenera kuti ikatenge mpweya m'mapapu. Kenako amabwerera kupyola mu mitsempha ya m'mapapo (m'mapapu) mbali yakumanzere ya mtima, yomwe imatumiza magazi kudzera mu msempha ndi kuzungulira thupi.

Mu TAPVR, magazi olemera okosijeni amabwerera kuchokera m'mapapu kupita ku atrium yoyenera kapena mtsempha ukuyenda ku atrium yoyenera, m'malo mbali yakumanzere ya mtima. Mwanjira ina, magazi amangoyenda kupita ndi kutuluka m'mapapu ndipo satuluka mthupi.

Kuti khanda likhale ndi moyo, vuto la atrial septal defect (ASD) kapena patent foramen ovale (gawo pakati pa atria yakumanzere ndi kumanja) liyenera kukhalapo kuti magazi okosijeni aziyenda mbali yakumanzere kwa mtima ndi thupi lonse.

Momwe vutoli lilili limadalira ngati mitsempha yam'mapapo yam'mitsempha yatsekedwa kapena kutsekerezedwa pamene ikutha. Kulephera kwa TAPVR kumayambitsa zizolowezi kumayambiriro kwa moyo ndipo kumatha kupha mwachangu kwambiri ngati sikupezeka ndikukonzedwa ndi opareshoni.

Khanda limawoneka lodwala kwambiri ndipo limatha kukhala ndi izi:

• Mtundu wabuluu wa khungu (cyanosis)
• Matenda opuma pafupipafupi
• Kukonda
• Kudya moperewera
• Kukula kosauka
• Kupuma mofulumira

Chidziwitso: Nthawi zina, palibe zisonyezo zomwe zimatha kupezeka ali wakhanda kapena ali mwana.

Mayeso atha kuphatikiza:

• Catheterization yamtima imatha kutsimikizira matendawa posonyeza kuti mitsempha yamagazi imalumikizidwa modabwitsa
• ECG ikuwonetsa kukulitsa kwa ma ventricles (ventricular hypertrophy)
• Echocardiogram imatha kuwonetsa kuti zotengera za m'mapapo zimaphatikizidwa
• Kujambula kwa MRI kapena CT pamtima kumatha kuwonetsa kulumikizana pakati pa zotengera zam'mapapo
• X-ray ya pachifuwa imawonetsa wabwinobwino mpaka mtima wawung'ono wokhala ndi madzimadzi m'mapapu

Kuchita opaleshoni kuti athetse vutoli kumafunika posachedwa. Pochita opaleshoni, mitsempha ya m'mapapo imalumikizidwa ndi atrium yakumanzere ndipo chilema pakati pamanja ndikumanzere chatsekedwa.

Ngati vutoli silichiritsidwa, mtima umakula, ndikupangitsa kuti mtima uwonongeke. Kukonzekera chilema koyambirira kumapereka zotsatira zabwino ngati palibe kutsekeka kwamitsempha yam'mapapo kulumikizana kwatsopano mumtima. Makanda omwe atseka mitsempha awonjezera kupulumuka.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Mavuto opumira
• Mtima kulephera
• Nyimbo zosasinthasintha, zamtima (arrhythmias)
• Matenda a m'mapapo
• Matenda oopsa

Vutoli limatha kuonekera panthawi yobadwa. Komabe, zizindikilo sizingakhalepo mpaka mtsogolo.

Imbani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu mukawona zizindikiro za TAPVR. Chofunika msanga.

Palibe njira yodziwika yopewera TAPVR.

TAPVR; Mitsempha yonse; Kobadwa nako mtima chilema - TAPVR; Matenda a mtima wa Cyanotic - TAPVR

• Mtima - gawo kupyola pakati
• Kubwerera kwathunthu kwamapapo obwerera - X-ray
• Kubwerera kwathunthu koopsa kwam'mapapo - x-ray
• Kubwerera kwathunthu kwamapapo obwerera - X-ray

CD ya Fraser, Kane LC. Matenda amtima obadwa nawo. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: Maziko Achilengedwe a Njira Zamakono Zopangira Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 58.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Matenda obadwa nawo mumtima mwa wamkulu komanso wodwala. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 75.