Goiter yosavuta

Goiter yosavuta ndikulitsa kwa chithokomiro. Nthawi zambiri si chotupa kapena khansa.

Chithokomiro ndi gawo lofunikira la dongosolo la endocrine. Ili kutsogolo kwa khosi pamwambapa pomwe makola anu amiyendo amakumana. Gland imapangitsa mahomoni omwe amayang'anira momwe selo iliyonse mthupi imagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Izi zimatchedwa metabolism.

Kuperewera kwa ayodini ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha khosi lotupa. Thupi limafunikira ayodini kuti apange mahomoni a chithokomiro. Ngati mulibe ayodini wokwanira pazakudya zanu, chithokomiro chimakula ndikamayesa kutenga ayodini yonse momwe ingathere, motero imatha kupanga mahomoni oyenera a chithokomiro. Chifukwa chake, goiter imatha kukhala chizindikiro kuti chithokomiro sichitha kupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro okwanira. Kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wokhala ndi ayodini ku United States kumalepheretsa kusowa kwa ayodini pazakudya.

Zina mwazimene zimayambitsa matenda a khosi

• Chitetezo cha mthupi chothana ndi chithokomiro (vuto la autoimmune)
• Mankhwala ena (lithiamu, amiodarone)
• Matenda (osowa)
• Kusuta ndudu
• Kudya zakudya zambiri (soya, mtedza, kapena masamba mu broccoli ndi banja la kabichi)
• Poizoni wonyezimira, chotupa cha chithokomiro chomwe chimakula pang'ono kapena zophuka zambiri zotchedwa tinatake tozungulira, tomwe timatulutsa timadzi tambiri

Zowononga zosavuta ndizofala kwambiri mu:

• Anthu opitilira zaka 40
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya banja la goiter
• Anthu omwe amabadwira ndikuleredwa m'malo omwe alibe ayodini
  
• Akazi

Chizindikiro chachikulu ndikukula kwa chithokomiro. Kukula kwake kumatha kuyambira pamutu umodzi waching'ono mpaka pamutu waukulu kutsogolo kwa khosi.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi chotupitsa chosavuta amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo za chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito.

Nthawi zambiri, chithokomiro chokulitsa chimatha kupanikizika pamphepo (trachea) ndi chubu cha chakudya (esophagus). Izi zitha kubweretsa ku:

• Mavuto opumira (okhala ndi goit zazikulu kwambiri), makamaka mukamagona chafufumimba kumbuyo kapena mukafika mmwamba ndi mikono yanu
• Tsokomola
• Kuopsa
• Kumeza zovuta, makamaka ndi chakudya chotafuna
• Ululu m'dera la chithokomiro

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa. Izi zimaphatikizapo kumva khosi lanu pamene mukumeza. Kutupa m'dera la chithokomiro kumamveka.

Ngati muli ndi chotupa chachikulu kwambiri, mutha kukhala ndi zovuta pamitsempha yanu. Zotsatira zake, pamene wothandizira akukufunsani kuti mukweze manja anu pamwamba pamutu panu, mutha kumva chizungulire.

Mayeso amwazi atha kulamulidwa kuti ayese ntchito ya chithokomiro:

• Thyroxine yaulere (T4)
• Mahomoni otulutsa chithokomiro (TSH)

Kuyesa kuyang'ana m'malo osazolowereka komanso omwe mwina ali ndi khansa m'matenda a chithokomiro ndi awa:

• Chotupa chithokomiro ndikunyamula
• Ultrasound cha chithokomiro

Ngati ma nodule amapezeka pa ultrasound, biopsy imafunika kuwunikira khansa ya chithokomiro.

Matendawa amangofunika kuthandizidwa ngati akuyambitsa matenda.

Mankhwala a chithokomiro chokulirapo ndi awa:

• Mapiritsi obwezeretsa mahomoni a chithokomiro ngati chotupacho chikuchitika chifukwa cha chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito
• Mlingo wocheperako wa ayodini wa Lugol kapena njira ya ayodini wa potaziyamu ngati chotupacho chimachitika chifukwa chosowa ayodini
• Mavitamini a ayodini kuti achepetse gland ngati chithokomiro chikupanga mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro
• Opaleshoni (thyroidectomy) kuchotsa zonse kapena gawo la gland

Goiter yosavuta imatha kutha yokha, kapena kukula. Popita nthawi, chithokomiro chimatha kusiya kupanga mahomoni okwanira. Matendawa amatchedwa hypothyroidism.

Nthawi zina, chotupacho chimakhala poizoni ndipo chimatulutsa timadzi ta chithokomiro pachokha. Izi zimatha kuyambitsa mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro, wotchedwa hyperthyroidism.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi kutupa patsogolo pakhosi kapena zina zilizonse zotupa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wapatebulo kumateteza ma goit osavuta kwambiri.

Goiter - yosavuta; Chotupa chokhazikika; Chotupa cha colloidal; Chotupa chopanda poizoni

• Chithokomiro kuchotsa - kumaliseche

• Kukulitsa kwa chithokomiro - scintiscan
• Chithokomiro
• Matenda a Hashimoto (chronic thyroiditis)

Brent GA, Weetman AP. Hypothyroidism ndi chithokomiro. Mu: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, olemba. Buku la Williams la Endocrinology. Wolemba 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 13.

Hegedüs L, Paschke R, Krohn K, Bonnema SJ. (Adasankhidwa) Mitundu yambiri yamatenda. Mu: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, olemba. Endocrinology: Akuluakulu ndi Ana. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 90.

Jonklaas J, Cooper DS. Chithokomiro. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 213.

Smith JR, Wassner AJ. Chiwombankhanga. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 583.